Programa de Pós-Graduação em História - PPHIST/IFCH
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4187
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em História (PPHIST) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) foi criado em 2004, em nível de Mestrado. Em 2010, teve o seu Doutorado aprovado, cuja primeira turma iniciou em meados de 2011. O objetivo do PPHIST/UFPA é o de refletir historiograficamente sobre a diversidade social, étnica e cultural da Amazônia na sua relação com a biodiversidade local. Nesse sentido, trata-se de formar e capacitar pesquisadores e professores dentro desse campo de múltiplas realidades. Por outro lado, objetiva-se também o fomento e a criação de estudos históricos que relacionem a realidade e a historicidade da Amazônia com análises de outras dinâmicas históricas brasileiras e da Pan-Amazônia. Como primeiro Doutorado em História da região amazônica, o PPHIST/UFPA quer se consolidar como uma Pós-Graduação de referência para os demais estados da região e, inclusive, para os países que compõem a Pan-Amazônia.
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Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) O avesso das expectativas: exploração dos recursos naturais e exclusão em Moatize, Província de Tete, Moçambique (2000 a 2015)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-05-31) MATEUS, Estone Bento Mifolo; BEZARRE NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821The advancement of modern capitalism imposes new ways of facing the global and competitive Market, resulting from the growth of the industry, which demands raw material incessantly to feed this industry in a continuous line of progress. On the path of this unbridled race for the acquisition of raw material, the African continent becomes once again, the stage on which the games of capitalism interests take place, usually accompanied by a noisy silence and the apathy that has characterized African government, from the point of view of supervision and lag of collective interests, Africa has been the preferred place. In this context, Mozambique did not escape the rule, because of the existing coal deposits in the coal basin of Moatize; there is a growing flow of large companies interested in the exploitation of mineral coal. Faced with this meeting between two completely different realities, on the one hand the multinationals with extensive experience in the exploitation of resources and, on the other a technical and, a State, whose institutions are weak and without a technical capacity necessary to supervise enterprises of such magnitude, allied to a population without experience in these situation, resulting in a clash of very different realities. The companies taking advantage of the weaknesses presented, exempt themselves from corporate social responsibility, on the other hand, the new rich equip the State for personal or group benefits, installing a permanent conflict between the local populations claiming their legitimate rights and the extractive companies eager for profits, applying for the effect “Machiavellian” principles, in which the ends justify the means. This process results in exclusion in its various typologies, from environmental exclusion, social and economic exclusion. The marked level of social exclusion refers to the thought that the project may not be socially fair or environmentally sustainable, because the Mozambican political economy is essentially extractive and generating exclusion.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Caminhos fluviais e mobilidade: os rios Guaporé, Mamoré e Madeira e a rota entre o Mato Grosso e o Grão-Pará (séculos XVII e XVIII)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-28) MELO, Vanice Siqueira de; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912In the mid-eighteenth century, the Guaporé, Mamoré and Madeira rivers became a river way used to establish communication between the Captaincy of Mato Grosso and the State of Grão-Pará and Maranhão. The historiography that analyzed the subject pointed out, notably, the importance of the Portuguese crown in the constitution of this way and the relevance of commercial activities for its consolidation. Although these axes of reflection are important, it is believed that they are not enough to analyze the composition of this river way. In this sense, this thesis argues how this way was also constituted from the mobility and interest of the people who, in expeditions, navigated these rivers and how this displacement was connected to other demands and was constituted, equally, from the interaction with the environment.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Cidadania negra, triolets e imprensa: a destemida trajetória de João da Cruz contra o racismo e sua luta por reconhecimento e igualdade (Maranhão-Pará, 1864-1887)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-13) LIMA, Helder Lameira de; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821; RICCI, Magda Maria de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4368326880097299This dissertation investigates the life of João Francisco da Cruz, a Black intellectual from the late 19th century, whose trajectory in Pará reveals the complexities of the struggles for citizenship in a society marked by slavery. Focusing on the intersection between his personal narrative and the racial tensions of the time, the study analyzes the role of the press, especially the newspaper Diário de Notícias, in constructing racial representations and ideological battles surrounding the abolition of slavery. In Pará, in the “Solicitados” section of Diário de Notícias, we found triolets that referred to “monkey”, “nigger”, “carafuz” (mulatto person), and “the most petulant Black man”, João da Cruz, used to satirize, mock, and discriminate against men of color. The research identified 102 triolets, 2 steam romances, 1 epigram, 1 sonnet, 2 short poems, 5 riddles, and 1 fable, all involving João da Cruz, between December 1882 and March 1883, reappearing between May and September 1885. From these triolets and other notes about João da Cruz, various related news articles were found, deepening the understanding of his figure. This research aims not only to map João da Cruz's achievements but also to uncover the obstacles faced by Afro-descendants in their quest for recognition and equality. By exploring notarial and periodical sources, the study highlights the strategies of overcoming adopted by João da Cruz and other Afro-descendants in a context of inequality and racial prejudice, contributing to a broader understanding of the history of Afro-descendants in Brazil and their legacies in contemporary society.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ciência, nação e região na Era Vargas: o caso do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (1930-1945)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-27) LEAL, Diego Rodrigo Guimarães; GUZMÁN, Décio Marco Antônio de Alencar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0656841754619406; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3219-4404; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185This dissertation is situated at the interface of environmental history and the History of Science and proposes to the relationship between science and politics between 1930 and 1945, a period known as the Vargas Era. The period is characterid by historiography as rupture in the political, administrative, social and economic sphere of the Brazilian state, in relation to the balance of force and the partten of development the so-called First Republic. This change was reflected in the cultural esphere and had consequences for the institucionalization of the Sciences and the configuration of a Brazilian heritage field. This process will be analyzed in the state of Pará through a case study, particularly the scientific work of Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira at the head of the Emilio Goeldi Museum, where he served as director for amost 15 years, since he was invited by the federal Magalhães Barata, 1930. In this context, the state of Pará was going through a serious financial crisis, as the rubber economic had collapsed since the 1910, and public instituicions, with few resources at their disposal, began to face numerous problems. The aim is therefore to understand the institutional adopted Carlos Estêvão de Oliveira during his time in office, what the scientific agenda built up during this period and how the institution was transformed into a centralizing and nacionalist political enviroment.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Conversa de pescador: história e cultura política na praia de Ajuruteua, Pará (1970- 2010)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-12-09) OLIVEIRA, Marcus Vinicius Cunha; HENRIQUE, Márcio Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9096024504515280This thesis researches the fisher(wo)men’s agency facing the socio-environmental impacts of the construction of the PA-458 highway and the geographic changes of the erosion process and advance of the sea on the Ajuruteua’s island. According on the official documents, newspapers, photographies, thesis, dissertations, oral speeches were analysed the actions of residentes (dwellers) fishermen and fisherwomen in relation (face) to the changes caused by the highway and the threats to their ways of life. As a result, we can say that fisher(wo)men, instead of the commom sense usually said (would say), are aware of the transformations of their time and nature, they produce/create adaptation strategies, atualyzing (updating) their ecological knwoledge, they accept or not the inovation of “modernity” according to their business (interests), they create complex relationships with the society around and with nature, they participate in trade network that are not always efficiency, they apropriate laws and languages outside their cultural universe and organize themselves politically to protect their territory and their ways of life according to current legislation.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Da Vila do Cariperana à nova territorialização da Comunidade Remanescente Quilombola do América nas narrativas de moradores no contexto bragantino(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-07-23) SILVA FILHO, Claudio Padilha da; SOUZA, Ana Paula Vieira e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8840758628880141; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3340-1866; MIRANDA, Leila Mourão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5665064793338456; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5273-1900This thesis analyzes the historical process of the formation of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América (CRQ), in the municipality of Bragança-Pará, in the Para Amazon, motivated by the dispossession of residents of the village of Cariperana, due to differences of opinion, conflicts, interests and the reduction of the area in which they lived and were socially constituted in the work of agriculture and the production of water flour. The two communities are located in the municipality of Bragança, in the northeast of the state of Pará, and are configured in the context of the networks of territorial, socio-spatial, socio-cultural and political-legal meanings established by Brazil's 1988 Federal Constitution. The thesis takes the oral source approach, which assumes that oral discourses can be transformed into written texts that become witnesses (Meihy, Holanda, 2015). Thus, the empirical field research started by listening to the oral narratives of residents (the elders of the two villages), indicating collaborators and the guardians of memory. Methodologically, the thesis is based on the perspective of Social History in studies of history and memory, memory and identity. The historical analysis of the two villages in the constitution of the quilombola community is contextualized despite the origin and relations of the presence of black Africans and their descendants in order to highlight the distinct formation of their historicities. The constitution of a new territorialization based on public policies for racial equality is analyzed, discussing the diasporic movements in search of better living and working conditions in the Pará Amazon by black people and their descendants, which gave rise to the villages of Cariperana and Américo. The theoretical field on processes of territory, deterritorialization and new territorialization are approached from three perspectives: historical -temporal, spatial and symbolic, based on the theory of Haesbaert (2004; 2005). Data was collected using interviews with Afro-descendants who are descendants of the couple Gregório and Tereza, as well as their wife Andreza. Collaborators Júlio Monteiro, Nezila, João Paulo, Orlandina and Manoel Carivaldo took part. The analysis of the interpretative categories regarding the origin of the black population of the two villages was based on the theory of oral history by Thompson (1992), as well as the use of the graphic representation of the 'genogram' symbols to explain the family generations of both villages, indicating the descendants of the collaborators in this research. The results of the thesis point to reflections on the territory and the conflicts between families, the social, economic and cultural relationship in the activity of working with the planting of manioc and the kiln house, highlighting the network of territorial meaning with the certification of quilombola remnant communities in the Amazonian context. The social and cultural role of the presence of women as leaders in the territorial occupation movement, the ethnic-racial recognition of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América based on the implementation of the National Policy for the Sustainable Development of Traditional Peoples and Communities in accordance with Brazil's legal provisions. The thesis concludes that the village of Cariperana and the village of Américo gave rise to the new territorialization of the Quilombola Remnant Community of América, as well as the policies for valuing the history and culture of the African and Afro-Brazilian Continent, which recognized the ancestry of the territory in 2015 and in 2023 was titled.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) “[...] dividir o corte da lenha [...] afim de não vermos brevemente as nossas matas calvas e estragadas”: a lenha nas Províncias do Pará e Amazonas (1850-1888)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-09-23) CORDOVIL, Wendell Presley Machado; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140In the 19th century in the Amazon, the steam vessels that sailed the region’s rivers did not yet use diesel as fuel. House kitchens still did not use “cooking gas”. It was another item that stood out as a producer of energy for steam ships and kitchen stoves in everyday life: firewood. Trees were felled, cut into pieces and turned into “sticks” [achas de lenha]. From the 1850s onwards, firewood became a valuable product for steam navigation on Amazon rivers and for kitchens in homes, institutions or bakeries and hotels. Firewood produced interactions between humans, but also between humans and non-humans, such animals and plants. Indigenous people, blacks, whites, horses and “maçarandubas” (a type of tree) appear as characters in this Master’s Thesis. With documents (such as newspapers, reports from provincial presidents, travel reports, drawings and floor plans) it was possible to understand a little of the complex reality that existed in Pará and Amazonas, between 1850 and 1888, for the production, trade and use of firewood. Focusing on steams and kitchens, this work presents the use of firewood, the mandatory work for the production of this fuel, human interaction with plants, animals, and also the beginning of a concern with deforestation generated by the production of firewood, from its uses and representations.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Do sarampão as perniciozissimas bexigas”: epidemias no Grão-Pará setecentista (1748-1800)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-11-14) MARTINS, Roberta Sauaia; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Antonio Otaviano; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6764908679902300This paper seeks to analyze the main actions and strategies used by colonial and metropolitan authorities, towards the impacts caused by three specific epidemics that struck the Grão-Pará captaincy, in the second half of the eighteenth century. In an exercise to discuss how these strategies were born and forged out of the power exchanges across the Atlantic as well as the Grão-Pará internal context. It seeks to comprehend not only the accomplished guidelines, but also how these events were described; the converging points and the tensions of the paths traded by the epidemics.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) As drogas do sertão e a Amazônia colonial (1677-1777)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-09-20) POMPEU, André José Santos; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912The present work is centered on the economic activity of drugs in the sertão, considered as the main economic activity in the Amazon during the colonial period. During the 20th century, it was agreed in much of historiography that this economic activity was under a missionary monopoly, mainly by the members of the Society of Jesus. And that, after the expulsion of the Jesuits, this predominance fell under the settlements of Indians created during the reign of D. José I, almost as direct heirs of the Jesuit monopoly. This thesis proposes a review of this perspective, seeking to demonstrate the active participation of other subjects in this economic activity, especially individuals. From the analysis of the sources, it is possible to highlight the participation of these subjects in the activity of drugs in the hinterland, and, at different times, it is possible to see the predominance of these individuals at the expense of both missionaries and canoes in Indian settlements. The present work is focused on the relationships, exercised in the activity of drugs in the sertão, within the colony itself, in a space commonly known as the Portuguese Amazon.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Em auxílio dos seus”: Mutualismo espanhol numa cidade Amazônica (Belém-Pará, 1890 – 1920)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-26) LIMA, Aline de Kassia Malcher; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140At the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, the city of Belém underwent intense changes promoted by the rubber economy, the product of greatest export in the period. In this context, the city of Belém experiences the arrival of a significant number of national and international migrants moved by the opportunity of enrich with the opportunity that this land provided and propagandized. The Spaniards are the second largest group of foreign immigrants to the city of Belém. Most of them emigrated from Galicia, settling in the urban context and creating networks of sociability and solidarity through associations. The research object is the mutual aid associations for Spanish immigrants. The problem is to understand how the survival strategies of the Spaniards who arrived in the Amazon in the beginning of the 20th century are activated through the mutual aid associations in Belém, particularly the Union Española de Socorros Mútuos and the Centro Galaico del Pará. Ethnic mutualists of emigrants are configured as a true symbolic landmark of territoriality. Through a collection of different sources it was possible to understand the dynamics of its operation. In this sense, the memory of immigrants in relation to their homeland is preserved and the ties maintained with it are present throughout the existence of Spanish associative centers as a form of expression and belonging, these being platforms for political and social dialogue.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Empório dos gêneros do sertão e do comércio”: elite proprietária e trabalho indígena no Baixo Amazonas em finais do século XVIII e início do XIX (1780-1810)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-19) MCDANIEL, Alice Maria Teixeira; CHAMBOULEYRON, Rafael Ivan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7906172621582952; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1150-5912This dissertation aims to investigate the economic and strategic importance of the Baixo Amazonas, a region belonging to the State of Grão-Pará and Rio Negro, specifically in the Captaincy of Pará, through the analysis of the landowning elite and indigenous labor, between the years of 1780 and 1810. The research focuses on the formation of a colonial “elite” that emerged in the Lower Amazon from the mid-18th century, strengthened by the rise of Minister Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo and the Pombaline reforms. These reforms, along with the regulation of indigenous labor through the “Diretório dos Índios” (Indian Directorate), reconfigured policies regarding the use of indigenous labor, which had a significant impact on the collection of the “drogas do sertão” (hinterland drugs) and agriculture. Through the analysis of period documents, the dissertation seeks to highlight the participation of these two groups and their contribution to the economy of the “drogas do sertão” and to the agriculture of the Lower Amazon region at the end of the 18th and beginning of the 19th centuries.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Entre as terras do Rio Branco e a Guiana Inglesa: relatos de viajantes sobre povos indígenas (1835-1899)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-12) LAPOLA, Daniel Montenegro; SANJAD, Nelson Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9110037947248805; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6372-1185The thesis is based on Peter Burke's historiographical approach on the cultural history of representations and on indigenous history to analyze travelers’ reports about the indigenous people in the region between the extreme north of Brazil and British Guiana in the 19th century. We worked on the reports of the Prussian explorer Robert Hermann Schomburgk (1804-1865), the Canadian geologist Charles Barrington Brown (1839-1917), both at the service of the Royal Geographical Society of the British crown; next, we analyze the French traveler Henri Anatole Coudreau (1859-1899), on a mission for the Ministry of the Navy and the French Colonies and the government of the state of Pará. As a central objective, I analyze the relationship between travelers and indigenous peoples, the alliances and strategies used through scientific research to serve the demarcation and land occupation interests of the country sponsoring the enterprise on the border of Brazil and British Guiana between 1835 and 1899.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Ernesto Cruz: um diálogo entre a história e a construção do patrimônio cultural no Pará (1940-1960)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-31) TUTYIA, Dinah Reiko; HENRIQUE, Márcio Couto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9096024504515280This study analyzes the contribution of the historian, Ernesto Horacio Cruz, from the Brazilian state of Pará, to the patrimonial preservation in the state. His name, amongst various cultural associations in Pará, which he used to belong to, is linked to the management of the former Public Library and Archive of the State of Pará (BAP) and the Historical and Geographical Institute of Pará (IHGP), maintaining the preservationist aspect, not evidenced throughout his life story, exposed in books, newspaper notes, tributes, as well as in speeches of his colleagues. However, in the process of the listing of heritage assets of the National Institute of Historical and Artistic Heritage of Pará (IPHAN/PA), throughout the 40’s and 60’s, his name is constantly present, a fact which motivated the incursion of the history of the preservation of heritage in Pará through his presence. The aim of his study is to understand the practices and set of actions taken by Ernesto Cruz towards heritagization, during the initial decades of IPHAN’s operation in Brazil, devising a historical study of heritage preservation policy in the State of Pará. Consequently, the uniqueness of this study is to present the preservationist dimension of Ernesto Cruz, an aspect not yet explored in the field of Amazonian historiography or in architecture. From his role as delegate of the National Historical and Artistic Heritage Service, Ernesto Cruz became a key figure in the process of institutionalizing historical heritage in the state of Pará. The investigation is based on 20th century sources, such as the historian’s intellectual output, which includes books, newspapers articles and documents found in the IPHAN’s listings process, as well as sources that are linked to themes that emerged from his material such as the transformation of the city of Belém, its architecture and history.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Etnogêneses e cidadanização no Brasil: movimentos indígenas e educação para a cidadania no tempo presente (1964-2021)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-11-28) FERNANDES, Fernando Roque; COELHO, Mauro Cezar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7187368960757936Indigenous peoples were not passive recipients of indigenous policies created by the Brazilian State in the second half of the 20th century. On the contrary, they were the protagonists of the struggle for equal rights, even when the context of political and social crisis that characterized the Civil-Military Regime, between the years 1964-1985, advanced on the future of the indigenous question through attempts at compulsory emancipation that put jeopardize the survival of different peoples. The objective of this thesis is to present an analysis that helps in the understanding of the strategies that dimensioned the articulations of subjects and ethnic groups in defense of their specificities and differences, contributing to the occurrence of political and social emergencies characterized by the phenomena of ethnogenesis, which inform aspects of indigenous citizenship under the terms established by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988. It is also to verify how contemporary indigenous movements, through their agencies, based on exemplary initiatives, have appropriated civil representation associations and school education as instruments at the service of training for the exercise of full citizenship in the context of the struggle, still ongoing at the present time, for the guarantee and achievement of rights that consider the socio-historical specificities that inform multiculturalism in Brazil.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) Gente, natureza e colonização: fabricação e comércio de madeiras na capitania do Grão-Pará (1755-1808)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-15) BATISTA, Regina Célia Corrêa; SOUZA JUNIOR, José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0493030136179246The potential of the vast forest cover in the states of Grão-Pará and Maranhão, a region that covers most of the territory of the current Brazilian Amazon, generated early interest for the European colonizer. From the mid-18th century onwards, documentation from the period records intense wood production activity in the captaincy of Grão-Pará, produced in factories located near the rivers Moju, Acará, Igarapé-Miri, Abaetetuba, Barcarena, Vila do Conde, Maguari and Caraparú. In dialogue with historiography and based on handwritten and printed sources, this study seeks to analyze the intense manufacturing of wood in the captaincy and its intrinsic participation in the colonization process throughout the second half of the 18th and early 19th centuries. We argue that logging activity favored the colonization process in the captaincy of Grão-Pará, with its use being evident in supplying the Royal Arsenals of the Navy and Army in the Court, as well as being present in different aspects of the residents' lives, such as in the construction of houses, furniture and vessels, the main means of movement of people and goods in that period.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Hostilidades da floresta”: agrodesenvolvimento e políticas agrárias no Nordeste do Pará (século XX)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-06-21) SILVA, Bruno de Souza; NUNES, Francivaldo Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4125313573133140This thesis presents the main rural development policies that were directed towards the Amazon region from the so-called Vargas Era (1930-1945) until the end of the military government in 1985. Since these were periods of intensification in developmental policies aimed at colonization, agriculture and agroindustry through agencies such as SPVEA, BASA and SUDAM. More specifically about the experience of the population of Tomé-Açu, as it is a society that emerged from a colonization project that developed economically and politically based on black pepper agriculture, as well as constituting one of the most important institutions associations from the northeast of Pará, the Mixed Agricultural Cooperative of Tomé-Açu. Our main argument that guides this thesis is the fact that Tomé-Açu arose from policies aimed at forests, its development as well as social and economic relations had a strong influence from projects led by government agencies.Dissertação Acesso aberto (Open Access) Igarapé-Miri: a passagem da escravidão ao trabalho livre, numa região de engenhos (Grão-Pará: 1843-1888)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-16) NASCIMENTO, Sônia Viana do; BEZERRA NETO, José Maia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7000143949499821In Igarapé-Miri, throughout the nineteenth century, the presence of slave workers was significant and of great relevance to the activities of sugarcane cultivation and the production of aguardente / cachaça. The present dissertation analyzes the transition from slavery to free labor, emphasizing that the proximity or the end of slavery did not mean the exit of the slave laborers from the sugar mills of the region. From the use of various sources such as newspapers, post-mortem inventories, Igarapé-Miri municipal council balance, labor contracts, and others, demographic data we understand the importance of slavery in the place and the mechanisms used by the lords to ensure the hand Of work.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) “Melhores mestres...”: saberes indígenas e ciência colonial no vale Amazônico (século XVIII)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-05) SANTOS, Rafael Rogério Nascimento dos; COELHO, Mauro Cezar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7187368960757936This thesis analyzes the roles that the indigenous peoples of the Amazon Valley played in the circulation/construction of knowledge during the second half of 18th century, considering them as subjects who were actively involved in this process, as historical protagonists. From the perspective of Indigenous History and the History of Science, and through documentation, I demonstrate that their knowledge was part of the constitution of the natural sciences under construction in that period, and how, to a considerable extent, their knowledge was appropriated by the modern science under construction at the time. The thesis states that the construction of knowledge, as well as its circulation, relied essentially on local sources and practices, and, as I try to show and analyze, on indigenous practices, techniques and knowledge. I present and analyze sources that make it possible to insert the indigenous peoples of the Amazon Valley into the history of Western scientific knowledge.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) As memórias dos sertões: as práticas de cativeiro, escravidão e liberdade de índios e mestiços na Amazônia portuguesa (séculos XVII-XVIII)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-07-28) FERREIRA, André Luís Bezerra; ARENZ, Karl Heinz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0770998951374481This thesis analyses the captivity, slavery and freedom practices of indigenous and mestizo descendants in the Portuguese Amazon during the 17th and 18th centuries. Since the seventeenth century, the Amazon region has been part of the global routes of slavery, in which the trans-Amazonian routes provided indigenous people for settlements, villages and also for the ports of the Caribbean and Europe. Faced with the trafficking and injustices of captivity, the Portuguese conquests established normative regimes that regulated the practices of recruitment - descent, rescue and just war - of indispensable indigenous workers. These normative regimes, in addition to the dichotomies of free and slave, ally and enemy, free or unfree, established a series of legal conditions that regulated the insertion of indigenous and mestizo peoples into colonial society, such as free, captive, prisoner, slave and given condition. These normative regimes were dynamic, and their reformulations were linked to the multifaceted processes of the region and to the transformations that took place in the global conjunctures of the Portuguese kingdom. Among these processes, the dynamics of mestizaje played a central role. It was a constitutive aspect of the laws relating to indigenous peoples and their descendants. Irrespective of normativities, indigenous women and men were active subjects of mestizaje and also producers of new categories of social qualifications through their interactions with people of different qualities and legal conditions. Thus, I argue that this set of legal normativities, in conjunction with the qualifications of social identities, affirmed the asymmetrical dependencies into which indigenous people and mestizos were inserted within the social hierarchies of colonial Amazonia. In turn, these subjects, through their interactions with other social agents, also knew how to use the prevailing laws and make them intelligible in their favour. Therefore, this research examines, through the actions of freedom of the Court of the Junta das Missões and the civil actions of freedom of the Private Judge of Freedoms, the access of indigenous people and mestizos to the spheres of justice to denounce the unjust captivity to which they were subjected and to obtain recognition of their freedoms. Prisoners in court used family memories to (re)affirm their indigenous origins and/or to denounce the illegality with which their relatives were rescued and imprisoned in the sertões and floodplains of the Amazon and taken to colonial spaces. This strategy, in addition to a social qualification, had a legal and socio-political dimension, since indigenous origin could guarantee them rights, especially their freedoms.Tese Acesso aberto (Open Access) A mobilidade social das lideranças indígenas Tabajara e Potiguara na Paraíba e demais capitanias do Norte do Brasil (séculos XVI – XVIII)(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-05-04) MEIRA, Jean Paul Gouveia; COELHO, Mauro Cezar; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7187368960757936This thesis aimed to analyze the role played by the Tupi leaders, belonging to the Tabajara and Potiguara peoples, in the process of insertion of indigenous peoples in colonial society from the conquest and colonization of the Royal Captaincy of Paraíba, and other captaincies of northern Brazil, throughout the sixteenth – eighteenth centuries. During the first contacts between indigenous and colonizers, the later had the need to insert themselves into the logic of the wars fought between the Tupi societies to contract aliances and conquer the territory. The Europeans were inserted into the indigenous “universe” from the relations of marriages established with the daughters of the Tupi chiefs. The matrimonial agreements between indigenous and colonizers were fundamental for the settlement of the captaincies of Pernambuco and Itamaracá in the first half of the sixteenth century. Troughout this century, many indigenous allies were enslaved, and this conjucture caused indigenous chiefs to re-establish peace agreements with the colonizers trought the provision of services, notifiedly of wars, to not only avoid the enslavement of their people, but also for the preservation of collective lands from the insertion of such individuals in the missionary villages. Many indigenous peoples were protagonists in the wars that resulted in the foundation of the captaincy of Paraíba and other captaincies of northern Brazil, as well as in the conquest of the backlands, throughout the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries. The provision of services resulted in numerous rewards, mainly for the Tabajara and Potiguara leaders, who were able to obtain social mobility.
