Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - PPGEO/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2345

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGEO) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Sendo referência na Pós-Graduação em Geografia na Amazônia, o Programa tem por meta configurar-se no Centro de Excelência em Geografia da Amazônia, com ênfase na análise dos agentes, processos, e conflitos nas diferentes escalas. Este é o objetivo científico e institucional estratégico do curso de mestrado, por meio do qual se amplia inserção social e regional na Panamazônia permitindo-nos estreitar intercâmbios na pesquisa e formação de pesquisadores em temas amazônicos com outros centros afins para este estudo na região.

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Agora exibindo 1 - 9 de 9

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise espacial de unidades de paisagem do município de Quatipuru – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-04) BARBOSA JÚNIOR, João Silva; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454
Different uses of natural resources of the coastal landscape generate impacts that need to be known and studied. As far as the coastal zone is concerned, there is an aggravating factor, since it is formed by highly specialized, productive and ecologically and economically important environments. In addition, it has a high degree of urbanization and consequently a high settlement rate. The National Coastal Management Plan applied to the Amazonian coastal zone has operated in an incipient way, since there is still no political articulation between the municipalities involved and the other spheres of power, lack of a base of information and methodologies based on local experiences, which ensure the proper execution of the plan. However, other strategies on the knowledge of the coastal environments were executed, based on regional and national research edicts, applied to the municipality of Quatipuru, ensuring a good information base, which were useful for the purposes of this dissertation, which aimed at mapping the landscape units of the municipality of Quatipuru, Pará, which today has become a conservation unit, RESEX Marine category, with the monitoring and participation of public hearings. In this way, it is understood that it is a separation of the coastal landscape into homogeneous areas, denominated "landscape units", covers an analysis and treatment of data without the right to products of Landscape Ecology, through Remote Sensing with an application of computational programs of object oriented classification in Geographic Information Systems, generating specialization and even an understanding of landscape formation processes are not filters of geographic analysis. For the better definition and delimitation of landscape units, the vegetation unit was chosen as an essential element because it is the result of the dominant ecological processes in the coastal zone. In this way, a physiographic matrix was generated that aided the mapping by identifying two geomorphological units of regional expression: 1) the Lower Coastal Plateau, which is formed by secondary vegetation or capoeira in different stages of regeneration. Of particular note are the urban areas, formed by dense human occupation, including the municipal headquarters - Quatipuru and the community of Boa Vista, and other traditional communities, thus forming diverse groups of family farmers, fishermen, crabmen, that uses the secondary vegetation and the field areas with cattle and buffalo management differently. The sandy Coastal Plain is integrated by the restinga, in contact with the Atlantic Ocean, while the 3) Lamosa Plain is dominated by mangroves and saline fields. Note: 4) Alluvial plain with quite impacted floodplain forests by the removal of vegetation cover. In addition to these mapped units, paleorestingas bands with old and successive coastlines were identified in the interior of the mangrove, up to the present sandy range. Besides this, it was identified that each mapped unit has spatial relations of connectivity, adjacency and delimitation, with the adjacent unit, concomitantly. Such relationships spatially demonstrate the interactions of the ecological and anthropic processes that form the coastal landscape. Thus, the mangrove stands out as the largest and most important landscape unit, because it has a spatial relation with all other units, the flooded, saline or freshwater fields are always bordering the mangrove. The contribution of the research will mainly be to guide management and governance actions within the Marine Quatipuru-Primavera RESEX, combined with the elaboration of the municipal territorial planning plan.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise geoambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio Apeú, nordeste paraense: subsídios ao planejamento ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-16) VALE, Jones Remo Barbosa; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
The hydrographic basin of the Apeú river is located in the northeastern region of Pará, more precisely in the metropolitan mesoregion of Belém, it covers the municipalities of Castanhal, Santa Izabel do Pará and Inhangapí. The Apeú river basin presents itself as an important area for observation of the processes of landscape transformation, because this unit, during the last thirty years, underwent significant transformations, imposed by the dynamics of land use. This basin presents rural and urban characteristics, in this area there are socials and environmental problems, resulting from the absence or deficiency of public services. The main factors that contribute to the degradation of the basin are: the waterproofing of the soil, resulting from the urban expansion; lack of erosion control; removal of land cover for land use purposes; contamination and silting of the water courses. Given this context, this dissertation has the objective to provide subsidies to the environmental planning of this hydrographic basin. The methodology adopted in this research was developed by Rodriguez (1994) and Rodriguez et al. (1995), adapted to environmental planning by Leal (1995), this methodology contains the following steps: Inventory, Diagnosis and Proposals. The research was based on data and information about the physical environment, the dynamics of land use and vegetation cover, environmental legislation, social and economic information. The obtained results demonstrate that the landscape of the Apeú river basin has undergone a progressive process of transformation, due to the anthropic interference, resulting in different social and environmental problems, unaccompanied by effective policies of environmental planning and territorial ordening. The proposals presented aim to subsidize the environmental planning of the basin that should be a joint and organic initiative of the three municipalities that cover it.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação da metodologia P.E.I.R na análise da qualidade socioambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio Mocajuba-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-11) OLIVEIRA, Indiara da Silva; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609
River basins are key geographic units in water resource management, and river basin problems throughout the world are mainly due to anthropogenic pressure related to land use, domestic effluent disposal, agricultural and industrial effluents, soil erosion, Deforestation, changes in the structure of the biotic communities, among others (GIORDANO et al., 2004, TANAKA, 2008 and DELINOM, 2008). The object of study of this research is the Mocajuba River Basin - BHRM, located in three municipalities of northeast São Paulo: São João da Ponta, Terra Alta and Curuçá, in the demarcation of its limits are contained two Conservation Units. In the western portion the São João da Ponta Marine Stratigraphic Reserve and in the eastern portion the Marine Extraction Reserve Mãe Grande de Curuçá. In general, this river basin has been undergoing degradation as a consequence of lack of basic sanitation, territorial occupation in inappropriate places, deforestation of mangrove areas and other areas for the expansion of agriculture, degradation of Permanent Protected Areas (PPAs), fires, Sedimentation of water bodies (ICMBIO, (2010); PANTOJA, (2012); RODRIGUES & FRANÇA, (2014); TELES, (2016)). And for lack of a management plan, it can manage its various uses. On the other hand, the Mocajuba river has a high importance for the communities that live in its surroundings, since they need their resources for their survival, given that their economic, social and cultural activities are developed in these areas. Therefore, the conservation of natural resources and the sustainable management of BHRM are considered a strategic issue from the environmental point of view, as social and economic for these populations. In this sense, the aim of this research is to analyze the Mocajuba river basin, based on the model PEIR - Pressure-State-Impact-Response as an instrument to evaluate the conditions of use and management of this natural resource, with the aim of contributing to its management . This matrix (PEIR) is structured from the identification of causal anthropic activities or sources of pressures and impacts. These activities, based on socioeconomic, on natural resources produce pressures and impacts that alter the state of its components, in order to assist in mitigation, it is proposed by society or by the public power actions (answers) that can solve or soften them. The research is considered as descriptive, exploratory and in terms of the means evaluated as a case study resulting from the process of consulting the various social and institutional actors directly involved with the environmental problems of the basin. The developed methodological model constitutes an original tool for the area of environmental management, specifically, with respect to activities that impact the environment. Regarding the variables of the PEIR model, these were analyzed based on the absence or presence of the same to the sustainability, taking into account the dimension analyzed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica do uso do solo e a vegetação em unidades de proteção integral: o Parque Estadual Utinga, no estado do Pará-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-11) ROJAS, Juan Pablo Heredia; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
According to the Brazilian legislation provided in the National System of Conservation Units (Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação - "SNUC") (Law No. 9.985/2000) Conservation Units are protected territorial areas by public power. They can divide in Full Protection Conservation Unit and Sustainable Use. In the Brazilian State of Para, the regulation of the creation and the appropriateness of the Conservation Units to "SNUC", occurred from the creation State System of Conservation Units (Sistema Estadual de Unidades de Conservação - "SEUC") (Law No. 5.887/1995). In relation to the Full Protection Conservation Units, in the category of State Parks, four parks have already been created for the State of Para: Utinga State Park, Serra of Martírios/Andorinha State Park, Monte Alegre State Park and Charapucu State Park. However, in this article we will present the results of the studies developed in the Utinga State Park (Parque Estadual do Utinga – "PEUT") that was created in 1993, it currently has 1393.87 hectares. It is standing at the Metropolitan Region of Belen, Para being the main supplier of water in the city where the issue of this research has focused on the anthropic actions that happen in the surrounding and particularly inside the park. It can modify the Use of the Land and Vegetation throughout from the creation of the park to 2015, focusing on: assessing the transformation of the Use of the Land and Vegetation in the Utinga State Park between the periods of 1993-2004-2015, with the purpose of subsidizing with information that contributed for Planning and Management in the Conservation of the Ecosystems and Forests in Preservation in Full Protection Conservation Units of Brazil. The images Landsat 5 e 8 were used classifying them in the categories: water, building, vegetation, aquatic, forest, disturbed vegetation and agricultural. Next, the "Protocol for the Evaluation of Use of the Land and Vegetation in Natural Federal Protected Areas of Mexico" was applied using the last three categories mentioned to make an overlapping between the years researched thus to identify the transformations of deforestation, disruption, recovery and revegetation. Therefore, it was determined that respectively for the 1993-2004-2015 in the Utinga State Park, the forest type covered 55.61 %, 59.61 % and 65.06 %, the disturbed vegetation bridged 13.85 %, 7.82 %, 7.37 %, and the agricultural kind comprised 2.65 %, 1.83 % and 0.43 %. Whereas for the periods 1993-2004 and 2004-2015 it was estimated that respectively, the areas with re-vegetation encompassed 0.7 % and 1.44 %, with recovery 5.65 % and 2.10 %, with disruption 0,58 % and 0.96 % and the deforestation maintained with 0.04 % for both years. As well as, rates of transformation for the Forest sort of 9.74 % for the period 1993-2004 and 9.92% for the period 2004- 2015, showing a constant increase of the Vegetational Forest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre marés e mangues: paisagens territorializadas por pescadores da Resex marinha de São João da Ponta/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-19) FERREIRA, Suzanna da Silva; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609
From 1990, the first Conservation Units, which contemplated and favored the presence of traditional populations, were verified in Brazil, a process resulting from the mobilization and struggle of the rubber tappers of the Amazon. Extractive Reserves, specified as a category of sustainable use, initiate the insertion and valorization of traditional knowledge in a regulated and recognized way in the preservation system in Brazil, in spite of that, the economic activities as a source of subsistence Of native flora or artisanal fishery) in the traditional way, and subject to specific regulations (Diegues, 2008). The concept of RESEX was extended until the implantation of territories conserved in coastal zone, covering fishing communities in all extension of the Brazilian coast. With the fishing potential found in the state of Pará (which together with the Maranhão and Amapaan coast, the largest continuous mangrove coast in the world), the creation of RESEX Marinhas in this coastal landscape has increased successively. Between tides, forests, mangroves, rivers, roads, dwellings, squares, ports and other landscapes, artisanal fishermen of RESEX Marinha São João da Ponta, characterize, organize, conceive, structure their territory of daily activities, materializing territorialities and Shaping landscapes. This territory, defined by processes of temporal relations, can not be understood as dissociated from the landscape, since, considering that the landscape "clarifies and humanizes the territory", as is well illustrated by Passos (2013, p.29), it is understood that already It is not enough to analyze the territory, and the respective territorialities that constituted it, without understanding the subjectivity and distinct physical and symbolic elements imbricated to it. It is intended to analyze, in this way, how the landscape territorialized by fishermen is identified by them, and if this identification of their territoriality addresses or can guide paths that conceive the landscape as a "web of relations" that social subjects construct with their territory. In order to interpret the identification of the territorialities of the fishermen it is fundamental to consider the traditional knowledge and their conceptions about the landscape. Therefore, mapping the production sites, which are fishing spots called fishing grounds (where fish species are concentrated in the tide), through participatory mapping, was one of the methodological paths used to interpret the landscape territorialized by artisanal fishermen. This research was carried out in a qualitative approach, developed in the methodology of action research indicated by Thiollent (1996) and aligned with the methodological procedures of field work with semi-directed interviews, participatory mapping with remote sensing image, elaboration of cartographic products with treatment Of information in GIS and geo-photography. The development of this research is significant so that these territories, identified by the fishermen themselves through the marks of the landscape and the paths to which these subjects belong and belong, remain contemplated in the management process, from the elaboration of materials and instruments that continuously Monitoring and protection, for the management and selection of areas of conflict or possible overfishing and consequent impoverishment and / or depletion of exploited resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Experiências em rios e mangues: lugar, paisagem, e percepção ambiental dos usuários da reserva extrativista marinha de Mocapajuba (Pa)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-04) BARROS, Diego Mercês de; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609
In general, the Brazilian State creates the Conservation Units and Protected Areas to comply with international recommendations and / or local requirements for nature conservation or maintenance of areas where so-called traditional populations live. The Extractive Reserves, Brazilian Units of the sustainable use group, constitute territorial spaces destined to self-sustainable exploitation and conservation of renewable natural resources by traditional populations. In such areas there is the possibility of materializing sustainable development, balancing ecological interests of environmental conservation, as well as the social purposes of improving the lives of the populations that inhabit this territory. The present work aims to identify the elements expressed in the environmental perception of individuals or social groups, that is, to understand the relationships and experiences that promote positive values and attitudes towards the environment, and that are contained in the perception of the inhabitants of these spaces. For this, the Mocapajuba Marine Extractive Reserve was chosen, located in the municipality of São Caetano de Odivelas, in the northeast region of the State of Pará, created in 2014. The methodological procedures were initiated with the literature review for the theoretical discussion on perception Environmental and the relationship with the concepts of place and landscape. Subsequently, through interviews conducted in 2015 and 2016, revealed the elements expressed in the environmental perception of users to understand the relationships and experiences that clarify positive values and attitudes in the face of the Extractive Reserve concept. In this way, the residents expressed environmental perceptions that, in general, are in line with the environmental values deposited in the Conservation Units. Thus, the theoretical and practical information can cooperate for the studies, actions and / or policies to be implemented by the environmental agencies in the PAs, especially in the Marine Extractive
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O nexo água-energia-alimentos aplicado ao contexto da Amazônia Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-07-07) RODRIGUES, Joana Celia Moraes; SZLAFSZTEIN, Cláudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555
Water resources are global public goods essential to the maintenance of life on the planet and an important economic-political instrument. The relationship between supply and demand of water for the coming decades related to energy generation and food production is a global concern. The estimated population growth for the next few years and the threats related to climate change have stimulated debates in several scales of the globe, remitting the need to rethink the ways of planning and managing these resources. In order to contribute information to the integrated management of water, energy and food resources in the Amazon, the present study aimed to analyze the nexus of water, energy and food in the context of the municipalities of Para. For this, a bibliographical and documentary research was carried out, analysis of secondary data about the population; human supply and water consumption; social and sanitation indicators; production and consumption of electricity; food production; (GDP), besides the classification of the variables studied in observational units, listing for each a set of specific indicators. For the observational unit water: water consumption by volume (m³ / a); access to the sewage network and IDH-M. For the energy unit: state energy consumption; ICMS losses; municipalities served by the electric power grid. For the food unit: agricultural and livestock production. Digital cartographic data and geoprocessing were also used for the spatialization of the information studied. From the analysis, it was possible to perceive that the demand for water, energy and food in the State is not satisfactorily contemplated, apart from the lack of dialogue between the three sectors, the lack of interest of the competent authorities in the local demands, and inefficient management of water in the region, are some of the main obstacles to meeting Amazon demands. This study is part of the research activities of the Project "Risks, Climate Disasters and their Impacts on Food Water Safety in the State of Pará in the Context of Climate Change", integrated to the Group of Studies and Research on Disasters in the Amazon - GEPEDAM.
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Produção do espaço agrário na Amazônia: uma interpretação geográfica do desmatamento no projeto de assentamento Bom Jardim, Pacajá – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-02) ALENCAR, Isa Costa; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263
The Amazon settlements were created as a strategy to integrate the regional space with the national economy and as a way to release the demographic pressure over the big cities, promoting a migration flux from urban to rural areas. The rural settlements end up having divergent characteristics and spatial patterns from the one idealized by the agrarian reform policies, being dynamic in relation to the transformation and appropriation of their geographic space. One important aspect of this transformation is the need of exploitation and degradation of the natural capital in the process of production of their geographic space. This fact has been reflected by the actual role of the settlements on regional reforestation, representing in average one third of the forest conversion yearly in the Amazon. To evaluate the process of spatial and temporal transformation of the geographic space in the settlements, mainly the one related with loss of forest cover, it is necessary to make use of satellite images and remote sensing analysis. Based on this context, the objective of this research is to use geotechnologies as tools to understand how agrarian reform policies interfere in the landscape dynamics of Amazonian settlements, using the study site the Bom Jardim Settlement Project. This study was done using literature review on the topic of space production and public policies related and affecting the settlements, in addition to the use of the Environmental Regularization Plan of Bom Jardim settlement. These analysis were complemented with the use of Geography Information System and image processing software used to evaluate and classify Landsat 5 and 8 images of distinct periods in order to access the spatial and temporal dynamics of the forest cover 10 years before and 18 years after the creation of the settlement (from 1987 to 2015). The methodology follows the “periodization” approach used to analyze the space temporal dimensions of the problem allowing the identification of distinct breaks that occurred during the establishment of the settlement. Thus the study identified that the process of space production is not only linked with the intervention between the human being and nature, but also that public policies have an important role on shaping the landscape in the settlements. Even with the existence of a solid agrarian reform policy which has been successful in settleling families, the bureaucracy of accessing financial credit, the fragile technical assistance and monitoring of the investments done by the agencies linked with agrarian reform, allied with the immediate needs of the settler, reflects the process of transformation of the geographic space in these settlements, having as main impact the loss of the forest resources.
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Tensões territoriais na Amazônia paraense: o povo indígena Tembé-Turé-Mariquita no município de Tomé-Açu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-19) THURY, João Paulo Carneiro; SILVA, Joao Marcio Palheta da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5356047514671129; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
The research seeks to analyze a geographical situation that occurs in the Amazon frontier, territories of tensions and conflicts, in which the forest peoples have their lands threatened by the new colonization process. Thus, the rights of these populations are violated, and the judiciary becomes the way out of these issues. The objective of the dissertation is to understand the territorial tensions between the company Imerys and Biopalma with the Tembé Turé-Mariquita Indians in Tomé-Açu and among the Indigenous people, due to the transformations brought about by the arrival of the company around the Tembé territories. This tension is not only internal to the territories, but external where institutional relations such as Funai, Federal Public Ministry and research centers intend the life of the indigenous. The operational procedures used consist of: bibliographic research, field research; Interviews; Document analysis and mapping. Initially it was intended to make a historical analysis of the trajectory of the Tembé Tenetehara Ethnicity; In the second moment was analyzed the arrival of the stranger in the territory and in the third moment we analyze the territorial tensions.

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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - PPGEO/IFCH por Linha de Pesquisa "DINÂMICA DA PAISAGEM NA AMAZÔNIA: AGENTES, PROCESSOS E CONFLITOS"