Teses em Engenharia Elétrica (Doutorado) - PPGEE/ITEC

URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2317

O Doutorado Acadêmico inicio-se em 1998 e pertence ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica (PPGEE) do Instituto de Tecnologia (ITEC) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).

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Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 42

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Algoritmos culturais com abordagem memética e multipopulacional aplicados a problemas de otimização
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-20) SILVA, Deam James Azevedo da; OLIVEIRA, Roberto Célio Limão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4497607460894318
In many optimization problems is hard to reach a good result or a result close to the optimum value in a feasible time, especially when working on large scale. So, many of these problems are addressed by heuristics or metaheuristics running search for better solutions within the defined search space. Within the natural computing algorithms there are the cultural and genetic algorithms. These are evolutionary metaheuristics complement each other due to the dual mechanism of cultural heritage/genetic. The purpose of this paper is to study and use such mechanisms adding local search heuristics and multipopulation applied to combinatorial optimization problems (knapsack and travel salesman problems), constrained problems and multimodal functions. Some experiments have been conducted to assess the performance of the proposed combination of meta-heuristisc and heuristics mechanisms against approaches found in literature as applied to problem addressed here.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de desempenho de algoritmos para classificação de sequências representando faltas do tipo curto-circuito em linhas de transmissão de energia elétrica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-05) FREIRE, Jean Carlos Arouche; MORAIS, Jefferson Magalhães de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5219735119295290; CASTRO, Adriana Rosa Garcez; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5273686389382860
Maintaining power quality in electrical power systems depends on addressing the major disturbances that may arise in their generation, transmission and distribution. Within this context, many studies have been developed aiming to detect and classify short circuit faults in electrical systems through the analysis of the electrical signal behavior. Transmission line fault classification systems can be divided into two types: online and post fault classification systems. In the post-missing scenario the signal sequences to be evaluated for classification have variable length (duration). In sequence classification it is possible to use conventional classifiers such as Artificial Neural Networks, Support Vector Machine, K-nearest neighboors and Random forest. In these cases, the classification process usually requires a sequence preprocessing or a front end stage that converts the raw data into sensitive parameters to feed the classifier, which may increase the computational cost of the classification system. An alternative to this problem is the FBSC-FrameBased-Sequence Classification (FBSC) architecture. The problem with FBSC architecture is that it has many degrees of freedom in designing the model (front end plus classifier) and it should be evaluated using a complete dataset and rigorous methodology to avoid biased conclusions. Considering the importance of using efficient short-circuit fault classification methodologies and mainly with low computational cost, this paper presents the results of the KNN-DTW (K-Nearest Neighbor) algorithm analysis study associated with Dynamic similarity measurement. Time Warping (DTW) and HMM (Hidden Markov Model) algorithm for fault classification task. These two techniques allow the direct use of data without the need for front ends for signal pre-processing, as well as being able to handle multivariate and variable time series, such as signal sequences for the post-miss case. To develop the two proposed systems for classification, simulated data of short-circuit faults from the UFPAFaults public database were used. To compare results with methodologies already presented in the literature for the problem, the FBSC architecture was also evaluated for the same database. In the case of FBSC architecture, different front ends and classifiers were used. The comparative assessment was performed from the measurement of error rate, computational cost and statistical tests. The results showed that the HMM-based classifier was more suitable for the problem of classification of short circuits on transmission lines.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação de fanets e ca-markov para captura de imagens para o estudo de uso e cobertura da terra em projetos de assentamentos na amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-12-06) SOUZA, Jorge Antonio Moraes de; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
Projetos de assentamentos de reforma agrária são uma das medidas adotadas pelo governo na tentativa de criar um relacionamento sustentável com a natureza. Como a área de assentamentos cobre mais de 77.483.317,86 hectares da Amazônia Legal, é essencial compreender as causas da degradação ambiental desses espaços. Isto posto, foram utilizados, de forma combinada, cadeias de Markov e autômatos celulares (CA-Markov) para, a partir de duas imagens classificadas, prever cenários de mudanças no uso e cobertura da terra (LULC). Esta tese apresenta uma metodologia inovadora que difere daquelas usualmente utilizadas em CA-Markov, pois os aspectos de tempo e espaço são observados pela cadeia de Markov e servem como base para a função de transição do autômato celular (CA). A metodologia também contempla a aquisição de imagens, nesse sentido, como a região de interesse permanece, em boa parte do ano, com uma cobertura de nuvens significativa, a obtenção de imagens por sensores ópticos, fica prejudicada, por conta disso, foi imperativa a busca por uma alternativa. As Flying Ad-hoc Networks (FANETs) podem ser utilizadas para complementar informações da região de estudo, capturando imagens de alta qualidade, sem o inconveniente das nuvens. Por outro lado, os nós da rede precisam manter, pelo maior tempo possível, a conexão entre eles, o que é dificultado pela mobilidade e autonomia de voo dos drones. Por esse motivo, é imprescindível a utilização de um protocolo de roteamento que seja capaz de adaptar-se à dinâmica da rede. Além disso, também foi desenvolvido um algoritmo de roteamento baseado em sistema Fuzzy. Testes e simulações foram realizadas com o intuito de validar tanto a metodologia geral MAPS, quanto o protocolo de roteamento.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicações de controle preventivo baseadas em árvore de decisão para aumentar a capacidade de sobrevivência a afundamentos de tensão dos geradores de indução duplamente excitados em sistemas de potência
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-09-21) VIEIRA, Dione Jose Abreu; NUNES, Marcus Vinícius Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9533143193581447
The development of a preventive control methodology to increase the capacity of voltage sag recovery (Fault Ride Through Capability (FRTC)) of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) connected in an electrical network is presented. This methodology, which is based on the decision trees (DT) technique, assists with monitoring and support for security and preventive control, ensuring that wind systems remain connected to the power system even after the occurrence of disturbances in the electric system. Based on offline studies, DT discovers inherent attributes of the FRTC scenario related to electrical system behavior and provides a quick prediction model for real-time applications. From the obtained results, it is possible to check that the DFIG is contributing to a system’s operation security from the availability of power dispatch and participation in the voltage control. It is also noted that the use of DT, in addition to classifying the system’s operational state with good accuracy, also significantly facilitates the operator´s task, by directing him to monitor the most critical variables of the monitored operation state for a given system’s topological configuration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aprovisionamento dinâmico de recursos em redes ópticas elásticas multiplexadas por divisão de espaço considerando limitações de camada física
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06-07) LOBATO, Fabricio Rossy de Lima; CARTAXO, Adolfo da Visitação Tregeira; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
In elastic optical networks (EONs) employing weakly-coupled single-mode multi-core fibers (MCF), inter-core crosstalk (XT) can affect significantly the network performance, particularly when the number of cores and the path length increase. Hence, from the network perspective, the impairment-aware (IA) routing, spectrum and core assignment (RSCA) problem is an important research challenge of MCF-EONs. In this thesis, we propose a dynamic provisioning methodology that solves independently the IA-RSCA problem taking impairments physical layer into account. To achieve the XT impact minimization, we decompose the IA-RSCA problem into two subproblems: the IA routing sub-problem and the IA spectrum and core assignment (IA-SCA) sub-problem. For the routing solution, a precomputation method based on the k-shortest path is used, and a physical layer impairment verification phase is performed taking the required optical signal to noise ratio into account. For the IA-SCA sub-problem, the novel XT-aware greedy algorithm is proposed to minimize the XT impact on the MCF-EONs performance as follows: for each new connection, the level of detected XT power of the new connection and interfering connections relative to the XT power threshold of each connection is minimized on the average over all those connections. This minimization is achieved by choosing the core and frequency slot of the new connection. In order to take the spectral overlapping extension of the new and interfering connections into account in the detected XT power, a novel frequency slot overlapping index is introduced. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated through computer simulations. The results show that the total blocking probability and network average utilization achieved by the proposed algorithm are better than the ones obtained by core prioritization, random and first-fit strategies, for different scenarios of XT level and spectrum fragmentation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da segurança de sistemas de potência para múltiplas contingências usando árvore de decisão multicaminhos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-09-15) OLIVEIRA, Werbeston Douglas de; BEZERRA, Ubiratan Holanda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6542769654042813; VIEIRA, João Paulo Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8188999223769913
The search for effective ways to promote the secure operation of power systems and to increase its understanding by operators has encouraged continuous research for new techniques and methods that can help in this task. In this paper, it is proposed an approach to assess power system operation security for multiple contingencies using a multiway decision tree (MDT). The MDT differs from other decision tree techniques for establishing, in the training step, one value of the categorical attributes by branch. This approach proposes the use of topologies (contingencies) as categorical attributes. In this way, it improves interpretability regarding the power system operational state, as the operator can see clearly the critical variables for each topology, such that the MDT rules can be used in aiding the decision-making. This proposal was used for security assessment of two test systems, the IEEE 39-bus system and the Northern part of the Brazilian Interconnected Power System (BIPS), and BIPS was tested with real data from one day operation. The proposed MDT-based technique demonstrated superior performance, with a set of simple and clear rules. It was also performed a comparison of the obtained results with other techniques based on DT and it turned out that MDT has resulted in a simpler procedure for power system security classification with good accuracy.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação probabilística do impacto da recarga rápida de veículos elétricos nos sistemas de distribuição de energia elétrica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-13) HERNÁNDEZ GÓMEZ, Oscar Maurício; VIEIRA, João Paulo Abreu; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8188999223769913
The mass adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) is transforming the automotive sector, driven by environmental concerns and technological advancements. Governments and companies are investing in the expansion of charging networks, focusing on fast charging to meet the growing demand. Developing a robust infrastructure of charging stations is essential to eliminate “range anxiety” and encourage the transition to EVs. Fast charging is crucial for the success of vehicle electrification. It allows batteries to be charged much more quickly than conventional charging, increasing convenience for users and improving the overall user experience. As more fast-charging stations are installed, consumer confidence in EVs grows, paving the way for a more sustainable future. With a well-distributed fast-charging network, EVs become a practical alternative to fossil fuel-powered vehicles, accelerating the transition to greener mobility. However, fast charging of EVs can cause technical impacts on medium voltage networks. The high current demand can result in voltage drops, especially in areas with weaker distribution infrastructure. Transformers can be overloaded, reducing their lifespan and increasing the risk of failures. Excessive heating of conductors due to high current can also cause losses and damage cables. These challenges highlight the need for proper planning and investments in electrical infrastructure to support the increase in fast charging. A probabilistic analysis of the impact of fast charging on medium voltage networks is crucial. Energy demand varies throughout the year due to seasonal factors, such as the use of air conditioning in summer and heaters in winter. Fast charging adds a considerable load to the network, which can coincide with these demand peaks, exacerbating management challenges. The installation of multiple charging points can cause voltage fluctuations and overloads. Probabilistic analysis helps predict these impacts and develop mitigation strategies by simulating charging scenarios and user behaviors. This allows for more precise infrastructure planning, including network reinforcements and improvements to ensure supply reliability. This thesis proposes a probabilistic methodology to evaluate the impact of fast charging of electric vehicles on medium voltage distribution networks, considering voltage drops, network element loading, and regulator tap changes. Using the Power Factory software by DIgSILENT©, a real feeder in Brazil is simulated, analyzing different case studies. Three fast charging stations (FCS) are connected, each with six charging points of 100 kVA, totaling 600 kVA per EP. The charging profile of the EPs is programmed with stochastic variables. Finally, a Volt/Var control strategy is presented to mitigate the impact on voltage drops and regulator tap changes, allowing reactive power injection without the need for communication between charging points.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização e desenvolvimento de sensores ópticos de corrente elétrica para aplicações em linhas de alta tensão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-03) SANTA BRÍGIDA, Angela Costa; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
This thesis, titled "Characterization and development of electric sensors for electrical applications in high voltage lines" was developed in a PhD program in Electrical Engineering. Fix the devices and characterized the magneto-optical current sensors for measurement applications and protection in high power systems, namely, prism sensor and photonic glass fiber (PCF) sensor. Both are based on the Faraday effect, using a double quadrature polarimetric configuration. This work was then divided in two moments. In the first, a prism sensor, consisting of a portable sensor head for anchoring in the transmission line was developed, in Portugal, for an industrial application. In this case, no prism sensor prototype was used in a Schott SF57 glass prism 8cm in length with high Verdet constant and low birefringence. It has been incorporated into a Nylon casing suitable for fastening applications in the power line. The operation of the sensor is characterized and compared using Super Luminescent Diodes (SLD) as a source of 650, 830 and 1550 nm. Class 1 precision sensor for nominal currents of 900 ARMS or higher and classes 0,1 and 0,2 for nominal currents of 1,2 kARMS and 0,3 kARMS, respectively, and the possibility of detecting impulses in the network of 10 Μs. Second, another type of wrapping, the use of optical fibers as a transition element, using highly rotated fibers at 4, 6, 9, and 11 revolutions per second, developed by the group of the Laboratory of Special Fibers and Photonic Materials - LaFE, from the Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin of UNICAMP, Brazil. In particular, these lines were tested as a whole on an electric conductor using three winding sizes of 6, 12 and 18 cm in diameters with different turns, with currents of up to 800 ARMS using an SLD source at 650 nm. Parameters, such as sensitivity and linearity of the sensor, were investigated. A symbolic analysis was also performed to quantitatively analyze the fiber sensitivity value with respect to the number of turns and with respect to the diameter of the support, there is no conclusion that there is a compromise between these two parameters in order to obtain a better response in the signal of sensor output.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cenário de redes de acesso para integração de redes ópticas e sem fio baseadas em sistemas de rádio sobre fibra
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-01-15) OLIVEIRA, Rosinei de Sousa; TEIXEIRA, Antônio Luis Jesus; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
The constant increasing demand for higher bandwidth services from subscribers has led to the integration of optical network infrastructure and wireless broadband access. Combining the capacity of optical fiber with the flexibility and mobility of wireless networks, a powerful system can be created to support data traffic volumes on demand. The radio over fiber system is the most used solution to integrate radio and fiber technologies. However, the analog links decrease linearly with the increasing length due to distortions from optical link. On the other hand, digitized radio transmission minimizes the physical impairments and can maintain its dynamic range independent from the fiber’s transmission length. Nevertheless, the optical link requires a high bandwidth due to the digitalization process, which from the implementation point of view represents one of the major challenges. This new context will change the network infrastructure and has forced operators to embrace solutions to improve the capacity of the system, mainly in radio access network (RAN). A new concept of RAN, called Centralized-RAN (C-RAN) is gaining great interest because this architecture improves the fixed/mobile convergence. In comparison with a classic architecture, this comes out with an innovative architecture where all complex functionalities are executed in the central office (CO), while the base station (BS) is responsible for executing less complex functions which bring reduced costs, improved performance and fixed/mobile convergence. Based on this information, this thesis proposal aims to investigate the radio over fiber scenarios as a solution to provide real access networks. In order to meet this goal, first we intending to investigate architectures by simulations, after we want replay the proposed followed by experimental demos in more realistic scenarios.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Controle de qualidade de experiência para disseminação de vídeos em tempo real sobre redes ad hoc veiculares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-24) QUADROS, Carlos Jean Ferreira de; SANTOS, Aldri Luis dos; CERQUEIRA, Eduardo Coelho; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1028151705135221
Live video dissemination over Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) is fundamental for several services, e.g., roadside video emergency, advertisement's broadcast, and smart video surveillance. All these applications face many challenges due to stringent video quality level requirements, dynamic topologies, and broadcast environments. To deal with these challenges, as well as reduce network routing overhead, geographic Statistical Routing Protocols (SRPs) have been proposed as a suitable solution for the distribution of video flows in VANETs, usually by using positioning and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. However, rather than only these parameters, a satisfactory video dissemination from the user's perspective also requires video and human-awareness issues. In real situations, due to different requirements and hierarchical structures of multimedia applications, network level and position parameters alone are not enough to select the best relay nodes and build up reliable routes to multi-hop video dissemination with satisfactory reachability and Quality of Experience (QoE) levels. This thesis focuses on improving the disseminated quality of on-road live videos in VANETs. Thus, we propose the cross-layer Broadcast Receiver-based and QoE-driven (BRQ) mechanism, which is modularly coupled to SRPs to offer QoE-aware and video-related parameters for the relay node selection and route maintenance. Thus, nodes decide for themselves to retransmit further the video sequences, enhancing the capacity of the system in delivering videos with better QoE assurance. On top of this, an application-level Error-Control (EC) scheme, namely Interleaving, allows mitigating the effects of frame loss. BRQ was added to a straightforward SRP built using the Distance method, named DBRQ protocol. Results show the gains of DBRQ compared to current SRPs, achieving video dissemination with QoE support, less routing overhead, and satisfactory reachability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Controle inteligente LQR neuro-genético para alocação de autoestrutura em sistemas dinâmicos multivariáveis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-08-30) ABREU, Ivanildo Silva; FONSECA NETO, João Viana da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0029055473709795
In this thesis is presented a neural-genetic model, oriented to state space controllers synthesis, based on the Linear Quadratic Regulator design, for eigenstructure assignment of multivariable dynamic systems. The neural-genetic model represents a fusion of a genetic algorithm and a recurrent neural network to perform the weighting matrices selection and the algebraic Riccati equation solution, respectively. In order to a assess the LQR design, the procedure was applied in a 6th order aircraft model, 6th order doubly fed induction generator model of a wind plant and a 4th order electric circuit model which were used to evaluate the fusion of the computational intelligence paradigms and the control design method performance.The performance of the neural-genetic models are evaluated by the first and second statistics moments for the genetic algorithm, whereas the neural network is evaluated by surfaces of the energy function and of the norm of the infinity of the algebraic equation of Riccati and the results compared to the results obtained by using Schur’s Method.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de sensores baseados em fibra óptica afunilada para monitoramento ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-06) SILVEIRA, Clenilson Rodrigues da; GIRALDI, Maria Thereza Miranda Rocco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0270661833822671; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
The monitoring of environmental parameters is important in preserving the environment. The development of technologically advanced systems for measuring physical parameters allows the early detection of harmful environmental factors. For example, refractive index and temperature measurement systems can detect thermal and chemical pollution in rivers water. Curvature or tilt measurement is important in predicting natural phenomena that may cause damage to human beings, such as landslides and earthquakes. This thesis investigates sensors based on tapered optical fiber for monitoring environmental parameters. The investigated technology is based on standard single-mode optical fiber with tapered section that makes use of the evanescent field to detect changes in the external environment, such as refractive index, temperature and curvature. This type of device is analyzed through numerical simulations and experimental measurements. The numerical modeling is performed using finite difference beam propagation method (FD-BPM). It is numerically and experimentally demonstrated that once tapered optical fiber Michelson interferometer is subjected to bending the sensitivity to refractive index change is enhanced in comparison with the not bent device. Experimental measurements indicate that this type of device has great potential as a temperature sensor. Numerical results, based on FD-BPM, indicate that it is possible to optimize the taper parameters in optical fiber to improve its sensitivity to bending in terms of transmitted power.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de sensores baseados em fibra óptica para monitoramento estrutural
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-01) FERNANDES, Cindy Stella; GIRALDI, Maria Thereza Miranda Rocco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0270661833822671; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
The research and development of systems for measuring physical and mechanical parameters of structural health, allows the early detection of collapses, deterioration process and other natural and / or caused by man factors. In this case, real-time measurements of these parameters are crucial for identification, localization and quantification of damages, and also improve the maintenance and safety of such structures. Curvature and vibration measurements are important to structural monitoring due to their relationship with the dynamic responses of engineering structures. In this thesis, core diameter mismatch structures are proposed and experimentally investigated for curvature and vibration sensing. Among the analyzes, two settings exhibited improved performance, one approach uses a structure formed by splicing an uncoated short section of multimode fiber between two standard single mode fibers (SMS), combined to an optical fiber mirror at its end, and the other approach is made by the sandwich of one single mode fiber section between two short multimode fiber sections, spliced between two standard single mode fibers (SMSMS). The SMS device is analyzed through experimental measurements and numerical simulations. In the curvature analysis, the proposed SMS sensor generates destructive interference patterns whether it is bent, varying only the attenuation of the optical signal without wavelength shifts. Numerical modeling is performed using the finite difference beam propagation method by means of the BeamProp 9.0 software of Rsoft™ company. In the experimental vibration analysis, the SMSMS sensor is formed by two MMF sections that act as coupler and re-coupler of core-cladding modes, and the SMF section in the middle acts as the "arm" of interference. So the cladding modes that propagate in the SMF middle section become sensitive to the applied frequencies. The SMSMS vibration sensor proved to be suitable to monitor very low frequencies such as 0.1 Hz. The proposed sensors configurations present several interesting features, such as easy fabrication, low-cost, high-efficiency, and high sensitivity. Although the manufacturing process of the structures is not very precise, which affects its reproducibility, such sensors very useful in a wide range of applications, such as structural health monitoring.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Eletrônica molecular via método híbrido DFT/FGNE em anéis fenilas acoplados a eletrodos metálicos de nanotubos de carbono: a regra de conformação e quiralidade molecular
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-11-11) SILVA JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto Brito da; DEL NERO, Jordan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5168545718455899
In this thesis, we investigate in detail the electronic transport properties, conformation and symmetry of zz9 SWCN structures attached to phenyl rings (2, 3, 4 and 5) under the influence of external electric field (voltage) via hybrid method DFT type B3LYP 6-311G (d, p) combined with NEGF and Group Theory. We found a good relationship between: 1 - the chiral index () by Group Theory and the law of cos2 (, dihedral angle) for the geometry under the influence of external electric field because  only depends on the atomic positions () of conformations, and is also strongly correlated with current passing through the system; 2 - normalized conductance (G / Go) is proportional to cos2 in the region of the gap (EHOMO-ELUMO), ie, in regions where the resonance occurs negative differential resistance (NDR) and 3 - the Fowler-Northeim (FN) plot Vmin displays that occurs when the tail of a resonant transmission peak voltage enters the window, that is, when these structures is an NDR, NDR as the number of the IV plot is associated with the number Vmin of the FN plot and can be explained by the model of molecular transport line 4 - the barrier height (EF - EHOMO and ELUMO - EF) as a function of molecular length, 5 - Vmin as a function of barrier height (EF - EHOMO ) and the molecular length. Thus, one implies that the molecular conformation plays a major role in determining the transport properties of the junction, suggests that the second law of cos2 is a more general applicability regardless of the nature of the electrodes; 3 serves as a spectroscopic tool and also to identify the molecule at the junction, 4 and 5 as the molecular length reaches a certain value (1.3 nm) the Vmin remains virtually unchanged. The results showed that the structural properties (geometric) undergo significant changes with increasing external electric field that are in good agreement with the values found in literature. The behavior of I-V curves and G/Go-V lose their linear dependence to give rise to a nonlinear behavior with the appearance of NDR. This point reveals the structural modifications suffered by the system. The I-V plot confirmed the statements that were made through the structural analysis for the system considered and showed how it gives the load flow analysis systems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estados ligados de Majorana em nanodispositivo com ponto quântico acoplado à cadeia de átomos em zigue zague sobre supercondutor topológico.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-10-11) BEIRÃO, Antonio Thiago Madeira; SILVA, Shirsley Joany dos Santos da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6060351208361634; DEL NERO, Jordan; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5168545718455899
The research in condensed matter physics with insulators and superconductors topological has contributed greatly to the characterization of the surface properties and modes zero in nanowires. We investigate theoretically, through the recursive Green’s function approach, the electron transport through the T-shaped quantum dot (PQ) with a single level and spinless, connected to a zigue zague chain and coupled to a p-wave superconductor. This model is an extension of the Kitaev chain for a network triangular of finite-size with for three, four, and five sites. We find that the Majorana zero modes can be tuned through the coupling parameters of the device and the linear conductance show both the Majorana Bound States (MBS) in topological phase and in the general topological phase maximally robust. This more realistic model allows the detection of MBS through of the control of the parameters governing the electronic tunneling and can be helpful for relevant experiments. Keywords: Majorana Fermions, recursive Green’s function approach, Kitaev chain, class of electronic nanodevices, Quantum Dot, T-shaped, Qubit, Majorana Bound States (MBS).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégia de planejamento e otimização do handover em redes móveis densificadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-06-29) SILVA, Ketyllen da Costa; ARAÚJO, Jasmine Priscyla Leite de; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
The increase in mobile devices and applications in recent years has led to an overload of the network infrastructure responsible for disposing this traffic, thus affecting the performance of the network as the user experience.Heterogeneous mobile networks are already a reality and their densification has been put forward as one of the suggested solutions to meet the expected demands for 5th generation (5G) mobile networks. However, in the current networks, it is still common for fixed parameters to be used for the configuration of the network although this strategy does not always prove to be efficient. It is within this context that the concept of selforganizing networks (SONs) has been established, in which several network parameters are automatically adjusted on the basis of measurements and intelligent systems in real time. This thesis presents a strategy to optimize the handover in LTE networks with dense small cells. Based on measurements and fuzzy logic new algorithms are proposed for self-tuning network parameters. From discrete simulation using MATLAB, the results are evaluated and presented through the main performance metrics of handover.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégia de projeto de atribuição de comprimento de onda com restrição de camada física em redes WDM
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-28) MIRANDA, André Moacir Lage; SEGATTO, Marcelo Eduardo Vieira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2379169013108798; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
The system based on Wavelength Division Multiplex (WDM) has been considered as a mature technology to be used in the backbone of optical networks. However, finding an optical solution for Routing and Wavelength Assignment (RWA) algorithm in the design and operation of the networks remains an open issue. The research conducted in this thesis, addresses the main issues regarding the process of Wavelength Assignment (RWA) in WDM systems, and as result a methodology that minimizes the degradation of the optical signal generated by Cross-Phase Modulation (XPM), has been proposed. This proposal consists of a hybrid methodology based on Graph-Coloring and Genetic Algorithm (GA), where the first has the function of reducing the number of necessary wavelengths to meet the traffic matrix (known a priori), and the latter will find the cannels activation order on the wavelengths grid with the aim of reducing the XPM effect. This proposal was compared with the First-Fit algorithm in different scenarios and network topologies, and has shown a significant reduction in blocking probability.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégia para análise da concentração de infraestrutura de acesso às tecnologias da informação e comunicação nos municípios da Amazônia legal Brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-31) BRITO, Silvana Rossy de; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
Access to information is a fundamental right in democratic societies, essential for economic development, social equality, improvement of social, health care, education services and governance. This study is situated on the Concentration of Access to Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon. For this, we developed the conceptual model from which we identify the main variables of ICT infrastructure in urban and rural households. Our strategy is to (i) analyze the ICT infrastructure concentration in Brazilian municipalities; (ii) analyze the spatial distribution of ICT infrastructure concentration in urban and rural households in Brazilian municipalities; and (iii) search for associations between parameters describing the ownership of ICT resources in urban and rural households with indicators for income, education, population size, and the existence of electricity in municipalities. To understand these associations at the municipality level, we use Bayesian Networks to reveal dependencies among the variables studied. The results of applying the proposed strategy show that for urban households, the average concentration in the municipalities of the Amazon for computers and Internet access and for fixed phones is lower than in other regions of the country; meanwhile, that for no access and mobile phones is higher than in any other region. For rural households, the average concentration in the municipalities of the Amazon for computers and Internet access, mobile phones, and fixed phones is lower than in any other region of the country; meanwhile, that for no access is higher than in any other region. The study shows that education, income, and population size are determinants of inequality in accessing ICT in Brazilian households. In addition, we advance to analyze the association between teenage motherhood and the representative variables of income, education, and computer and Internet access in the municipalities of the Brazilian Legal Amazon compared to other regions of the country. These networks pointed to the region as the influential variable on the high percentages of teenage mothers and households with computer and Internet access.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégias baseadas em análise multicritério para seleção de tecnologia de acesso de primeira milha em padrão ISDB-T
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-23) SERUFFO, Marcos César da Rocha; FRANCÊS, Carlos Renato Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7458287841862567
This thesis proposes the development of a planning strategy that combines: load characterization of a typical Digital TV, extraction of a weight vector from belief networks, and multicriteria decision making with analytical methods (TOPSIS and ELECTRE III), providing decision support at the service providers; in order to enable the optimal choice for the return channel technology (ADSL2 +, PLC, WiMAX and 3G), considering the typical load of an interactive Digital TV scenario, standard ISDB-T. The proposed strategy has five steps: definition of return channels and performance metrics; performance measurements of access technologies in real scenarios; scenario simulation; apply correlation techniques to generate the weight vector; and application of analytical decision making for choosing the best technology to be implemented in a given scenario. As main result a generic and flexible model is presented, validated with a case study for ordering the preference of the evaluated technologies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégias evolucionárias para otimização no tratamento de dados ausentes por imputação múltipla de dados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-16) LOBATO, Fábio Manoel França; SANTANA, Ádamo Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4073088744952858
The data analysis process includes information acquisition and organization in order to obtain knowledge from them, bringing scientific advances in various fields, as well as providing competitive advantages to corporations. In this context, an ubiquitous problem in the area deserves attention, the missing data, since most of the data analysis techniques can not deal satisfactorily with this problem, which negatively impacts the final results. In order to avoid the harmful effects of missing data, several studies have been proposed in the areas of statistical analysis and machine learning, especially the study of Multiple Data Imputation, which consists in the missing data substitution by plausible values. This methodology can be seen as a combinatorial optimization problem, where the goal is to find candidate values to substitute the missing ones in order to reduce the bias imposed by this issue. Metaheuristics, in particular, methods based in evolutionary computing have been successfully applied in combinatorial optimization problems. Despite the recent advances in this area, it is perceived some shortcomings in the modeling of imputation methods based on evolutionary computing. Aiming to fill these gaps in the literature, this thesis presents a description of multiple data imputation as a combinatorial optimization problem and proposes imputation methods based on evolutionary computing. In addition, due to the limitations found in the methods presented in the recent literature, and the necessity of adoption of different evaluation measures to assess the imputation methods performance, a multi-objective genetic algorithm for data imputation in pattern classification context is also proposed. This method proves to be flexible regarding to data types and avoid the complete-case analysis. Because the flexibility of the proposed approach, it is also possible to use it in other scenarios such as the unsupervised learning, multi-label classification and time series analysis.