Teses em Geografia (Doutorado) - UNESP
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/10180
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Espaço e tempo da territorialidade festiva do Sairé na Amazônia e as expressões do sagrado em Alter do Chão/PA(Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2017-08-17) COSTA, Maria Augusta Freitas; GOES, Eda Maria; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2286311661430306We analyze in this work the constitution of a festive amazonian territoriality instantiated as a religious cultural creation with prominence in the context of the portuguese Amazon: the Sairé's Feast. In the contemporary brazilian Amazon, the festive materiality of the Sairé is only takes place in the village of Alter do Chão, in the municipality of Santarém, where it is characterized as an important element of the tourist economic production, articulated to the regional festivals with emphasis on “Disputas” between dances and dramatizations presented in arenas. This context raises questions about the essence of the religious tradition of the feast and its expression of the sacred, linked to the processions and prayers, with foliations and litanies, which were inherited from the Catholicism linked to and by the Borari indigenous group, as well as the alleged profanity of dances and dramatizations within the Sairé's Feast. To understand these configurations in the Sairé's Feast, we analyze the space-time becoming of this festive territoriality, its processes of machinic assemblages and inclusive disjunctions in a move between horizontalities and multitransescalares spatial verticalities, which are in intrinsic correlation with the production of collective subjectivities and their prospects of meaning to the configuration of social actors entangled in projects of world action/objectification and their coextensive transtemporality. In order to carry out this research, we used the pressupositions of the discourse analysis, oral history, “perspectivist shift” and the descriptive model of spatioterritorial morphology, in order to treat, systematize and analyze documentary data; classical works of missionaries, travelers and chroniclers; non-scientific journals; directed observation producing descriptive notes; free interviews with residents and visitors of Alter do Chão; and oral reports of the organizers and participants of the feast. The results demonstrate a continuous movement of deterritorializing territorializations processes of the Sairé's Feast, which instantiates its territoriality as a fold of existentialist resistance of the Amerindian groups in the portuguese and brazilian Amazonia, surrounded by the inventiveness of the collective subjectivities entangled by the feast/festivity as an expression of the sacred in the region and its webs and tessituras of festive solidarity between the Amazonian localities where dancing and praying were constituted as languages of the sacred that shelters the mythological festive religiosity of cosmic integrity and creative chaos. What highlights the mixture, the depredation and the capture of otherness as elements of the becoming of a project of humanity in coevolution with the environment and their ways of being and living as divinity for the transcendence in immanence. And this appears trans-subjectivated and transtemporalized in the Sairé's Feast “of Alter”, in which all means of exalting “everything that generates life” to the “gift of life” is used, so its festive territoriality imposes profound knowledge of the place that merges language and territory into an expression of sacred entangled by a subjective-expressive-affective logic that gives meaning to solidarity projects in which work-energy-information are processed, inextricably, between productive logic and existential creative sense.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Grandes objetos na Amazônia: das velhas lógicas hegemônicas às novas centralidades insurgentes, os impactos da Hidrelétrica de Belo Monte às escalas da vida(Universidade Estadual Paulista, 2017-08-25) PADINHA, Marcel Ribeiro; WHITACKER, Arthur Magon; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9260024751979241This thesis analyzed socio-spatial impacts on the life scales of people affected by a "big project", the Belo Monte HPP, built on the Xingu River, Brazilian Amazon. These "great objects" promote the re - de - structuring of the territories where they are implanted, causing a strong impact on the existing and historically constituted spatiality of river dwellers, peasants, natives, as well as residents of the outskirts of the city of Altamira - Pará - Amazônia. We then analyze the "spoiling" force of these large enterprises on "subalternized" populations, based on a scalar-based theoretical proposition, which involves considering space as a "polymorph". Space-spatiality, technique and scale were used as methodological tools for the realization of the reading of our empirical reality. The life-scale impacts of "deterritorialized" people on both mobility and immobility are felt in view of the spatial condition of belonging, appropriation and identification that different subjects carry out in their territories and places. Nonetheless, as a response to this spillover process, a series of strategies of struggle and resistance are verified in relation to "developmentalist" projects. Despite the Brazilian government's hand in hand with iron hands, it was a strong opposition to the Belo Monte HPP project. Social Movements of different scales of action, from different places on the planet, joined the impacted ones of Altamira and region, constituting, therefore, a great field of confrontation against the "biopolitical" conception applied by the Brazilian government and the national and international capital. This confrontation was carried out by the rural and urban poor and by the traditional populations, under the leadership of the social movements ("Xingu Movement Vivo Para Semper", "Women's Movement") of Altamira and region, together with the important work of the Public Ministry Federal, Public Defender of the State of Pará and the work of NGOs (as a Socio-Environmental Institute), fought and struggled to ensure that the territoriality and place of the socio-residents affected by the set of works and actions that gave rise to Belo Monte HPP somehow, be compensated. An intense and enduring social struggle has caught on in the Xingu region so that the (re) structuring effects of this "big project" can be (somehow) offset. This struggle of the hegemonized / subalternized subjects, which was called "insurgent centralities", was established between subjects of politically and economically (asymmetric) and unequal economic power, the Brazilian State and Capital being on one side and, on the other spatially affected and its protection network, has generated deep conflicts of a spatial nature. Despite the important achievements of social movements and those affected, the strength of the "state of exception" used to implant Belo Monte Power Plant by the Brazilian Government, in the midst of a democratic period, has promoted impacts on the scale of people's lives that are immeasurable and irreparable. Implicating the need to propose and invest in other and new forms (sources) of energy generation in Brazil and the Amazon as a way to overcome this scenario of spoliation, which is a product of the "spatial adjustment" of capitalism.