BDTD - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2289

Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPA (BDTD). Sistema Eletrônico de Teses e Dissertações (TEDE). Projeto BDTD/UFPA e Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT).

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A pesca artesanal da frota de Mosqueiro (Belém - Pará) e o uso do ambiente pela dourada (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii-Castelnau, 1855)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-06-01) OLIVEIRA, Diogo Marques; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
Considering the artisanal landing sites in the Amazon estuary, Mosqueiro Island, located in the south of the Bay of Marajó, is commercially very important and, as in nearby loading terminal (Miramar), the imminence of an environmental disaster is real. However, there is no detailed information on the fishery and the use of commercially important species, as Gilded catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) in the region. With the objective of describing the fishing activity and the use of the region by the Gilded catfish, landings were monitored in Cajueiros Bridge (Mosqueiro) from December 2005 to November 2006. Moreover, the fishery boats were recorded using specialized log-books and trained personnel from the community. The index of relative abundance CPUE (kg/trip) was used to identify the most important species and their catch period, seasonality of the fleet, fishing sites and gross revenue. Considering the Gilded catfish, 30 individuals were obtained from commercial fishery in Mosqueiro from December 2005 to August 2006 in a bimensal basis. Individuals were weighted, measured and gonads were collected with the objective of evaluating the use of the region for reproduction. It was registered 128 fishing boats and Barcos de pequeno porte dominated followed by Canoas motorizadas. Technological differences between boats categories were observed, except in relation to boat length, mean monthly production and storage capacity. Barcos de médio porte present a greater crew and fishing days but they carry out less trips by month in relation to the others categories. Gill nets are mostly used in the area, and the mesh most frequently employed are 50, 60 e 70 mm (streched mesh size). Barcos de médio porte have larger nets when compared to others categories. The main species captured in the region are Silver croaker (Plagioscion squamosissimus), Pacora (Plagioscion surinamensis), Gilded catfish (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii) and Yellowfin river pellona (Pellona spp.). Fleet from Cajueiros bridge fish mainly in fishing sites near the island during the catch period of the main species (May to December) moving to Marudá region during the offpeak season (January to April) following, mainly, the schools of Gilded catfish. Periods of maximum abundance was the first and the forth trimester for Canoas motorizadas and Barcos de pequeno porte respectively. The fishing sites Ponta Fina and Areia do Cotijuba showed the largest annual relative abundance with the main catch of Gilded catfish and Pacora, respectively. Gilded catfish was regular during the whole period with highest abundance in Ponta Fina and December. Pacora highest abundance was recorded in Marudá (98 kg/trip) and September. Yellowfin river pellona occurred mainly in Enseada and in June. In Mosqueiros Island, fish annual production was estimated in approximately 1.000 tons, leading to a gross revenue of R$ 3 million. Barcos de pequeno porte contributed to 42% of the total production and with 61% of the gross revenue. Silver croaker contributed to 26% of total production and Gilded catfish with 35% of the gross revenue. This species was considered the most valuable fish resource in the area. Sampled individuals measured from 27 to 100 cm total length, and individuals of 50 to 60 cm dominated. Sexual proportion favored females (1:2,2 male:female) which were most numerous for most length classes and months, except February. For this species, the area is not used for breeding but for nursery and feeding purposes. In the situation of an environmental disaster a waste of approximately 1.000 tons and R$ 3 millions for the fishery industry in Mosqueiros Island can be reported. Moreover, an accident in the area could also affect the young population of Gilded catfish causing harmful effects in a long term for catch and economy of the area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A temática gênero nas produções provenientes dos grupos de pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-06-11) MAUÉS, Marilene Silva; CORRÊA, Paulo Sérgio de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7102416953096612
This paper aimed to carry out a mapping that would show the researchers scientific productions linked to groups of research in the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), it also aims to analyze how the gender theme gained evidence in researches carried out in the academic-scientific scenario of that institution, in the period of 1995-2006. Thus, the following questions had been raised: 1) What have they have been arguing about in the academic field, around the questions of gender? 2) How the scientific production generated in the data basis of research groups registered in the CNPq during the period of 1995-2006 is evidenced? 3) How the production generated by the researchers, in the research group is presented, taking into account the statistical figures in the UFPA campus in Belém? The data had been analyzed considering its quantity and quality by crossing the figures of scientific productivity - available in the site of the National Council of Scientific and Technological Development (http://www.cnpq.br) - with the theoretical references which delimitates the gender theme - Louro (2001) and Rosemberg (2001) -, aspects that allowed to make an x-ray of the production generated in the national scenario for posterior verticalization with the production research of the UFPA. Evidenced that great part of the research around the gender theme has approached allusive questions related to women and that those researches refute the explanations of biological basis in the composition of female and male, as well as they assume that culturally there is a relationship of power between opposite sexes. Moreover, the study showed that in the national panorama the genre found its place in the research group in the Human Sciences area; regarding to female participation in Science it was observed an androcentric parameter in the structure of scientific deeds, this aspect resounds in the quantitative process of academic productions of female authorship, considering that they still need to conciliate the professional career with the requirements of the private world; but, despite the male domain in the scientific productions, the studies on gender have been gaining praise in the research developed by women, not only in the national level but also in the local one. Regarding the figures of the UFPA, the gender have gained a place of prominence in the paraense production and these professionals have performed with care in that field showing a frequent production in a period of 11 years, even so they had to take on an incommensurable addition of work in consequence of the majority to be part of the teaching stuff of Post Graduation Programs in the UFPA. Thus, it is reassured that the research groups of the Institution mentioned here, even though with lesser quantitative expression in relation to the national scenario, they are of great relevance for the spread of the studies on this theme in the North region and for the projection of this university as an institutional place where the research produced guarantees national highlight.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Abordagem de leitura de texto em imagens provenientes de redes sociais para ganho em disponibilidade de dados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10-19) FERREIRA NETO, Luiz Cortinhas; SANTANA, Ádamo Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4073088744952858
This work aims to propose a methodological adaptation in the process of social network analisys, based on the inclusion of text extracted from images that are obtained from the social networks themselves. Highly important for market intelligence, product analysis, CRM and SCRM processes, since these are market trends used by large companies, thus, promotes financial and research incentives. The adaptation proposed in here has its importance based on data availability, which has become increasingly restricted, thanks to the use of APIs, interfaces of data access management where, in several different ways, each social network limits the data query, either by type of data, quantity or collected window. This research intends to prove, through case studies, that there is relevant information gain to sentiment analyses process when textual data derived from images are used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma abordagem funcional das savanas amazônicas: atributos de anuros em um mosaico de paisagens naturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-28) PASCHOALINO, Rosana Campos; PINHEIRO, Leandra de Paula Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1114107627897774; SANTOS-COSTA, Maria Cristina dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1580962389416378
The structure of natural assemblages may result from selection of species and functional traits, according to their tolerance to certain environmental factors, which are related, for example, to vegetation type and water availability, may influencing functional diversity in ecosystems. We investigated the influence of different phytophysiognomies of Amazonian savannas on functional diversity of anurans, in the Carajás National Forest, Brazil. We also investigated a possible divergence of functional traits among the phytophysiognomies due to environmental differences using a null model. Three field expeditions were conducted in 2008 and 2010, during rainy season, dry season and the transition period between rainy and dry seasons. We sampled 32 sample units distributed in three sites: North highland, South highland and Tarzan highland. Each sample unit was distant at least 200 m from each other. Surveys for the presence of anurans were based in active visual and acoustic searches. We calculated functional diversity using the MPD index, considering the occurrence of anurans in each assemblage. Functional diversity of anurans did not differ among the vegetation types. According to null model, there was a functional convergence, that is, the sites are similar in species and functional traits. Our results suggest that despite the mosaic distribution and environmental differences, the landscapes are surrounded by Amazonian savanna matrix, which, due to some factors (historic, spatial, and environmental), did not differ in the functions performed by anurans in each phytophysiognomy. In any case, we found that anurans play important roles in local ecosystem functions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Abordagem multicriterial e indicadores ecológicos e econômicos utilizados na identificação de áreas prioritárias para a conservação da ictiofauna no Estuário Amazônico, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) MOURÃO, Keila Renata Moreira; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
This study was divided into three steps: (1) description of spatial and temporal distribution of fish fauna in the area of transition from marine and freshwater environments (Chapter 1), (b) use of descriptors of community as a way to determine the community structure and use of the habitat for fish fauna (Chapter 2) and (3) use of community descriptors studied in Chapters 1 and 2, as a criteria to development indicators (integrated in GIS environment) to define priority areas and scenarios for the conservation of the fish fauna (Chapter 3). The collections of the fish fauna in the main channel and tidal creek occurred from 2004 to 2011 during the dry period (July- December) and rainy period (January-June), using gill net, trawl and block net as fishing gears, and in three important areas of the Amazon estuary: the bays of Guajará and Marajó and Guamá River. A total of 41,516 specimens of 136 species, 38 families and 12 orders were captured. The spatial and temporal distribution of fish fauna in the area of transition from mesohaline and freshwater environments showed that species richness increases from the Guamá River towards the Marajó Bay, along with the increasing salinity. In relation to trophic functional groups, piscivores (PV) and zoobentívoros (ZB) were dominant in all areas. The community descriptors obtained in the main channel, showed the highest values of biomass and relative abundance in number in Marajó Bay. In relation to the tidal channel, the abundance of biomass was greater in Guajará Bay. The main channel is used for breeding and nursery, and 90% of the individuals were immature. The indicators of diversity of the environment (DA), habitat use (UH), relative abundance (CPUE), environmental health (SA) and relation to fisheries (PR), showed conservation priorities considered medium and high, along the area study. This trend was also observed considering the ecological and economic scenarios, that showed medium-high and high-very high priority for conservation of the fish fauna in the northern portion Marajó Bay in the dry period, respectively. The methodologies used determined the ecological importance of the study area, emphasizing the heterogeneity between them and therefore cannot be considered as a single environment. The multicriteral approach adopted has no precedent for the Amazon estuary. This methodology proved to be effective in providing, through the different scenarios, a range of options that allows the decision maker to explore the issue as best as possible or use it as part of a process of decision making.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Abordagem probabilística para caracterização do sistema de marcação de sequenciamento multiplex na plataforma ABI SOLID
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-07-01) LOBATO, Fábio Manoel França; SANTANA, Ádamo Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4073088744952858
The next generation sequencers such as Illumina and SOLiD platforms generate a large amount of data, commonly above 10 Gigabytes of text files. Particularly, the SOLiD platform allows the sequencing of multiple samples in a single run (called multiplex run) through a marking system called Barcode. This feature requires a computational process for separation of data per sample, therefore, the sequencer provides a mixture of all samples in a single output. This process must be secure to avoid any harm that may scramble further analysis. In this context, this dissertation proposes development of a probabilistic model capable of characterizing the marking system used in multiplex sequencing. The results corroborate the adequacy of the model obtained, which allows, among other things, identify faults in some step in the sequencing process, adapt and develop new protocols for sample preparation, and assign a grade to the reliability of data generated and guide a filtering process that respects the characteristics of each sequence, without discarding sequences useful in an arbitrary manner.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Absorção de gases da queima de combustíveis fósseis em torre de recheio estruturado utilizando lama vermelha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-11) SANTOS, Iara Ferreira; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; SOUZA, Célio Augusto Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0800747860976046
The production of alumina from the Bayer process produces 1-3 tons of waste per ton of aluminum. This residue is known red mud, compound of minerals insoluble in concentrated sodium hydroxide, hematite and other iron oxides, quartz and titanium oxides. The red mud has in its composition varied levels of NaOH, depending on the specific industrial plant used. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the process of absorption of gases from a boiler countercurrent with a suspension of red mud, in a spray tower and a packed column. Experiments were performed varying the type of absorption tower, temperature of the liquid phase and solids content in liquid phase to evaluate the reduction in content of gases of combustion in the output of absorption tower and pH variation with time of operation, it was possible to identify the time required for the occurrence of red mud neutralization, and also a reduction in the content of carbon dioxide, thereunto were performed measurements of the concentrations of gasesin the input and output packed column, and also measurements of temperature and pH. The absorption of CO2 existing in the gases of combustion for suspension of red mud occurs by the carbonation process, where the gas reacts with NaOH present in red mud, with water as catalyst. The results obtained after the experiments were satisfactory, and it was concluded that the process performed in absorption towers is efficient for pH reduction of red mud and reducing the content of CO2 freed to atmosphere, providing a double profit for the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação coletiva na criação e gestão do projeto de assentamento Paulo Fonteles em Mosqueiro, Belém – Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-27) PANTOJA, Rosiane Cristina Pimentel; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
The research presented aims at studying the forms of organization for cooperation in the creation and management of Settlement Project Paulo Fonteles in Mosqueiro, Belém - Pará. For this case study, we used a qualitative approach from the application interviews with semi-structured questionnaire. The research problem grounded both in theories of social movements, with discussions of social events, as the French School of Sociology of Organizations with discussions of the organizations and the centrality of power. Restlessness is understand how social groups influence the forms of cooperation for the creation and management of the Settlement Project Paulo Fonteles. It is observed that social movements have been the intermediary of collective action in the struggle for agrarian reform, becoming references of continuity of struggles and ensuring the mobilization of families for collective action. The common goal for the conquest of the land is what secured the commitment and cooperation for the occupation of the settlement. But the conquest of the land reflects a multifaceted reality, because families have different prospects as housing, production, employment, among others. The increase in the number of settlements and the increased production questioned the need for agrarian reform as a policy for rural development. The MST, reaffirming that public policy, has proposed new forms of organization of settlements, called "commune land". These settlements are located close to metropolitan areas, in order to serve the population of these suburbs, which demand for land for housing and employment. These new settlements are aimed at the incorporation of urban infrastructure to facilitate the production and market relations. For the proposal to be successful, cooperation becomes a central theme. Thus, the settlement, is observed that cooperation takes place at different levels because there is no settlement without cooperation, much less groups that do not have membership. Therefore, the largest membership and engagement are located in the rules of power, with more or less the same centrality. Thus, we identified that while the association has the president the centralization of power, the group's collective 'mutirão' (local organization) has a balanced management, leading to greater involvement of families to the cooperation of the management of the settlement Paulo Fonteles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação do alcaloide (+)-filantidina sobre o protozoário Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis e a célula hospedeira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-14) MORAES, Lienne Silveira de; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343
Leishmaniasis is an antropozoonotic disease caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania. These parasites proliferate primarily within macrophages of mammals and are responsible for promoting a variety of clinical manifestations, such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). The treatment available is chemotherapy, but is limited by toxicity and requires a long term treatment. The study of natural products from plants such as antileishmanial agent currently plays an important role in the search for new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis. (+)-phylantidine, is an alkaloid extracted from stem of Margaritaria nobilis of the family Phyllanthaceae. The aim of this study is evaluated the effects of (+)-phylantidine on promastigotes forms of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and host cell. Antiproliferative activity of promastigotes forms was observed when parasites were treated with 50, 100 e 200 μg/mL of alkaloid for 96 hours, with reduction of 73.75%, 82.50% and 88.75%, respectively when compared with non-treated parasites. In the period of 96 hours it was observed an IC50 of 56.34 μg/mL. Amphotericin B was used as reference drug and reduction of 100% in parasites treated with 0.1 μg/mL was observed after 96 hours. Treatment with the alkaloid promoted important changes in promastigotes that were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Alterations in cell body, flagellum, kinetoplast, mitochondria, rosette formation, presence of electrodense vesicles suggestive of lipid body and increase in structures like acidocalcisssomes were observed. In the host cell no cytotoxic effect was observed in the macrophages treated with the alkaloid and analysis by scanning electron microscopy showed that the alkaloid promoted an increase in the number of cytoplasmic projections, increased cell volume and spreading. Thus, these results demonstrate that (+)-phylantidine was effective in reducing the growth of the protozoa, without citotoxy effect which may represent a promising natural alternative source for the treatment of leishmaniasis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação do metabólito secundário 5-hidroxi-2-hidroximetil gama-pirona isolado de fungos do gênero Aspergillus sobre monócitos humanos in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06-15) COSTA, Josineide Pantoja da; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343
The 5-hydroxy-2- hydroxymethyl-gamma-pyrone (HMP) is a secondary metabolite synthe-sized by some species of fungi from Aspergillus, Penicillium and Acetobacter genera. The HMP has several applications, being used as antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitor, protective agent against radiation and antitumor. Recently, it was also shown that this metabolite acts as a macrophage activator. However, the effect of HMP in human monocytes is unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HMP on the cell viability and differentia-tion of human blood monocytes in vitro. Human peripheral leucocytes were obtained from blood bag donated from Fundation Hemocenter of Para State. Cell isolation was performed using HISTOPAQUE® 1077-density-gradient. Monocytes were treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours with 50 and 100 μg/mL of HMP. The ultrastructural analysis of treated monocytes showed spreading ability, high number of cytoplasmatic projections and vacuoles, features that are often observed in activating cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of the expression of surface protein specific for the macrophage (F4/80), demonstrated that human monocytes treated with 50 and 100 μg/mL for 48 and 72 h showed the similar pattern of expression of proteins to that of human monocytes differentiated by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CFS). The viability test used showed that HMP has no citotoxicity effect on human mon-ocytes when treated with 50 and 100 μg/mL of HMP. These results demonstrate a new role for HMP as an immunomodulator agent, inducing the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acetilbergenina: obtenção e avaliação das atividades antinociceptiva e anti-inflamatória
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-01-22) BORGES, Jaqueline Cibene Moreira; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
Endopleura uchi (Huber) Cuatrec. (Humiriaceae), a Brazilian Amazon plant, commonly known as “uxi”, is used in folk medicine for the treatment of several pathologies, such as arthritis. Bergenin, one of the chemical constituents of E. uchi, has several biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. In order to obtain a more potent derivative than bergenin it has decided to acetyl this substance. Acetylbergenin was tested in nociception and inflammation models. Bergenin was isolated from the chromatographic fractionation of aqueous extract from stem bark of E. uchi and the acetylbergenin was obtained by acetylation of bergenin. The substances were identified based on spectral analysis of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, DEPT and COSY, and comparison with literature data. For nociception models were carried out the abdominal writhing test, hot plate test and formalin test, while in the inflammation models were carried out the croton oil-induced ear edema, rat paw edema induced by carrageenan and dextran, carragenin-induced peritonitis test. Furthermore, the model of gastric ulcer induced by stress was used to assess the potential ulcerogenic of the substance. In the abdominal writhing test induced by acetic acid 0.6%, acetilbergenin doses of 1, 5, 10, 15 and 25 mg / kg blocked the number of writhing in 28.2%, 52.7%, 61.1 %, 68.3% and 95.0%, respectively, and dose-dependent manner when compared to the control group. The calculated ED50 was 6.8mg/kg. In the hot plate test (55ºC), acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) did not induce alterations in the latency time when compared to the control group. In the formalin test, acetylbergenin (6.8mg/kg) inhibited 88.30% the algic stimulus in the second phase (inflammatory) compared to the control group. Furthermore, naloxone reversed the effect of acetylbergenin the second phase of this test. In the croton oilinduced dermatitis, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) provoked inhibitory effect in 75.60% in comparison to the control group. In the paw edema induced by carrageenan, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) was able to reduce the development of edema from the 2nd to the 5th hours compared to the control group. In the paw edema induced by dextran, acetylbergenin (6.8 mg/kg) reduced edema at all times. In carragenininduced peritonitis, acetylbergenin (6.8mg/kg) blocked 70% of the neutrophils number compared to the control group. In the trial of gastric ulcer, acetylbergenin blocked 78.55% in the generation of gastric lesions by stress when compared to indomethacin. The results suggest that acetylbergenin has an antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity which, according to the tests employed, is probably of peripheral origin.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ações afirmativas: a constitucionalidade da política de cotas para negros em universidades brasileiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-01) ALMEIDA, Thaiana Bitti de Oliveira; RAIOL, Raimundo Wilson Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6271053538285645
The object of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of implement quota for black people in brazilian universities aiming to reach material equality throughout affirmative actions, as a way of minimalizing the consequences of historically cultivated prejudices that are still alive in our society under forms of discrimination. To accomplish this goal, we have proceeded to the analysis of the principle of equality and non-discrimination, linked to the principle of human dignity according to Ingo Sarlet's formulations. Afterwards, the theories of justice by John Rawls and Ronald Dworkin, named justice as equity and equity of resources, are studied as well as their relations with affirmative programs. Proceeding the research, we have studied the affirmative actions and the quota policies toward brazilian universities, tracing the characteristics of Brazil's academic population and highlighting the importance of equally ensuring the access to higher education. We analyze the criterion of justice, compatibility and efficacy identified by Brito Filho, the same ones that justify the implementation of quota and that are present in Ronald Dworkin's work, applying each of them to brazilian reality. Finally, we have demonstrated the quota policies' constitutionality in Brazil under the pluralist view about this subject that comes from Federal Supreme Court.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ações avaliativas em ambiente de ensino e aprendizagem gerado pela modelagem matemática
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-25) SANTOS JÚNIOR, Augusto Fergusson dos; CHAVES, Maria Isaura de Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1914620696226334; ESPÍRITO SANTO, Adilson Oliveira do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5870609258842071
This study aims to point evaluative actions evidenced in teaching and learning environment generated by mathematical modeling and consolidate them as argument for the use of modeling in educational contexts whether in Elementary School, Secondary School or University. To this end, we used a qualitative research of bibliographic nature consisting in the Experience Reports analysis of teachers who developed Modeling activities in the classroom and whose experiences were published in the VIII National Conference on Modelling in Mathematics Education – VIII CNMEM held in 2013. Since the documents considered dealing with experiences in Mathematical Modelling and not specifically the learning evaluation, we conducted a literature search of the meta-analysis type in order to extract and interpret evidence other than weren’t in the original research focus. For the conduct of the documental analysis, the methodology of the Discursive Textual Analysis was used, as Moraes and Galiazzi (2007), according to which it was possible to fragment and categorize relevant aspects regarding the phenomenon investigated. Data analysis according to the theoretical references of Mathematical Modelling and researchers in the field of learning evaluation pointed out that the teacher whose practices are systematized in teaching and learning environment generated by Mathematical Modelling shows interactive and retrospectives evaluative actions.Interactive evaluative actions indicate that during execution of the Mathematical Modelling activity, the teacher is willing to evaluate the student's knowledge construction, having the opportunity to verify the learning or intervene starting from the need revealed in the students demonstrations. Retrospective evaluative actions reveal that, after the completion of Mathematical Modeling activity, the teacher is willing to evaluate their own practice, in order to judge whether their objectives have been achieved and consider adjustments in their didatic choices to guide future practice. In that way, the Mathematical Modelling process provides teacher actions characterized by the link between teaching actions, evaluation and learning.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ações de eficiência energética em navios: estudo de caso e um navio patrulha da Marinha do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-26) AQUINO, Suzane Cruz de; MORAES, Hito Braga de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5044859479302394; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148
Due to growing concern about the environment, the IMO (International Maritime Organization), through MARPOL (International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships), has developed the first mandatory regulation of the area about the energy efficiency of ships aiming the reduction of greenhouse gases emissions and costs related to energy consumption. This dissertation proposes a methodology of energy efficiency measures in a patrol ship of the Navy of Brazil. The analyzed ship, the P-49 or Guarujá, is a 19 years old vessel just as almost all its equipments. The Guarujá is electrically a isolated propulsion system from the power generation, then the target of this research were those systems with the highest electricity demand: the lighting system, cooling, electric power generation, saving and cold storages. However, the information available above those systems have proven scarce, thus it was exploited only the bulbs and some compressors and fan motors. The actions proposed to equipment available verification were 1. the exchange of the reference case bulbs with LED lamps; and 2. replacing the engines with similar specimens of higher yield. They were analyzed financially and environmentally by RETScreen software, an important tool for energy efficiency and renewable sources studies developed by the Government of Canada; with the aid of PROCEL simulator, BD Motor, promoting greater focus on the engines due to its complexity and significance in the optimal functioning of the ship's systems. The actions proved viable, with the total turnaround time of two years, reducing emissions by 164 tCO2 in 20 years and saving about R$ 352,974.80 at the end of the project time, thus justifying their implementation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aconselhamento linguageiro, motivação e autonomia: um estudo de caso em escrita acadêmica em inglês
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-04) MARTINS, Marja Ferreira; SILVA, Walkyria Alydia Grahl Passos Magno e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6129530461830312
The difficulty reported by my classmates to write their final papers and the recent studies about language counseling started by me at the time prompted me to promote a research where I could verify the impact of counseling techniques in the students’ learning process of English as FL with difficulties in academic writing. Making connections with other areas such as autonomy and motivation, which had already been the focus of my attention. I decided to conduct a research aiming to verify how the language counseling can work as a scaffold to the autonomy of undergraduate students in English as a foreign language focusing on the academic writing skills improvement and, at the same time, to analyze the impact of this experience on their motivational process. For this, I search to verify, through a case study, how is the relationship between counselor and advised develops and describe, using multiple data collection resources (facebook chat, recording and transcription of chat sessions related to their writing problems and a final interview) to a better performance in academic writing. The results obtained through analysis of the collected material allowed me to observe that actually there is a considerable impact of language counseling techniques described by Kelly (1996), Stickler (2001) and Mynard (2012) both in autonomy and in student’s motivation process toward to the development their his writing skills for academic purposes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acoplamento de modos guiados em cabos de pares trançados utilizando antenas com simetria radial no cenário terabit DSL
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-03-26) SOUSA, Brenda Penedo Tavares de; COSTA, João Crisóstomo Weyl Albuquerque; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9622051867672434
The development of data transmission standards and access technologies has always been linked to the need to supply high data rates. Thus, technologies already implemented, such as the DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) system that uses twisted pairs for transmission, have been adjusting to support this growing data demand. In DSL systems, the twisted pairs are used as a transmission line, using the transverse electromagnetic mode (TEM). However, the physical limitations of the twisted pair as a transmission line prevent the system from achieving higher rates, needed to support fifth generation (5G) applications. Recently, it was proposed to use other transmission modes in the twisted pair, the higher order guided modes, as an alternative for this structure to be able to support transmission rates of the order of Terabits per second, having been termed as the Terabit DSL technology (TDSL). However, one of the challenges for this implementation is the coupling of the guided modes in the twisted pair, since they are not widely explored in the context of the propagation of higher-order guided modes, as simpler waveguides, such as Sommerfeld and Goubau. In this scenario, this dissertation aims to evaluate the coupling of the radiated signal between an antenna with radial propagation and the twisted pair cable, analyzing the electromagnetic behavior of structures. Considering that the twisted pair cable does not have a closed analytical model for the behavior of higher order modes, which propagate along these structures, all the results were obtained from numerical simulations in the software HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator).These results are in terms of the scattering parameter of the antenna and the electromagnetic field in the cable, making it possible to evaluate the coupling efficiency, the signal guidance and to predict the transmission rate available to users. The results obtained showed that the coupling between the antenna and the unshielded twisted pair cable reached levels of up to 83.83 % at frequencies of 0.15 THz, demonstrating a high coupling efficiency when compared to simpler scenarios in the literature, reaching levels on average 67 %. It was found that the use of these cables for data transmission is effective, managing to deliver rates of up to 1.737 Tbps in cables of up to 10 meters, while the rate forecasts for the TDSL scenario that consider the 100 % coupling reach levels of 2.013 Tbps.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acuidade visual e matriz extracelular no córtex visual primário: alterações associadas à privação monocular precoce e ao enriquecimento ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-08) SILVA, Nonata Lucia Trévia da; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286; DINIZ JUNIOR, José Antônio Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3850460442622655
The aim of the present study is to analyze the influence of enriched environment on the visual acuity and on the distribution of perineuronal nets (PNNs) in the primary visual cortex of albino mice that underwent monocular deprivation during the critical period of postnatal development. Mice at 10th postnatal day, were monocular deprived through right eye-lid sutured (M, n = 16) and the control group animals were not submitted to any cirurgical procedures (B, n = 16). After weaning, on postnatal day 21, animals were subdivided in: standard environment (AP) and enriched environment (AE), constituting the following groups: M.AP, M.AE, B.AP and B.AE. After 3 months, animals were submitted to grating visual acuity tests, perfused and coronal sections of their brains processed for Wisteria floribunda agglutinin to posterior stereological quantification through optical fractionator method. B.AP animals present visual acuity of 0.48 cycles/degree, while those raised in enriched environment (B.AE) present a better performance at visual test, reaching 0.996 cycles/degree. Animals with monocular deprivation had significantly lower visual acuity (M.AP 0.18 cycles/degree; M.AE 0.4 cycles/degree). Stereological quantifications revealed that enriched environment increases type 1 and the total number of perineuronal nets at supragranular and granular layers in both hemispheres of deprived animals (ANOVA, two-ways, p < 0.05) and this difference at granular layer is due to an increase of perineuronal nets mainly at the right hemisphere (ipsilateral to the monocular deprivation). At infragranular layer, M.AE animals presented an increase only at the number of type 1 PNNs in both hemispheres.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acúmulo e fracionamento de fósforo nos sedimentos do estuário do rio Coreaú (Ceará) para avaliação do impacto da carcinicultura
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-17) AQUINO, Rafael Fernando Oliveira; KAWAKAMI, Silvia Keiko; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5306256489815710; CORRÊA, José Augusto Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6527800269860568
The shrimp culture (shrimp farms) is one of the activities of aquaculture widely employed in Brazilian estuaries and mangroves. The shrimps are fed with phosphate enriched compounds. Thus, the effluent produced by farms can accelerate the eutrophication process. An increase of shrimp farming has been seen in Coreaú River Estuary, state of Ceará, but data about environmental quality are scarce to allow monitoring of the region. The aim of the present research was to assess the contribution of the shrimp farms on phosphorus input to the Coreaú River Estuary. The main forms of phosphorus: bioavailable (P-Exch); bound to iron oxy-hydroxides (P-Fe), on the biogenic, autigênica carbonates and apatite (P-CFAP), on the detrital apatite (P-FAP) and organic phosphorus (P-Org) and as well as total organic carbon (%TOC) and chlorophyll-a were determined in samples of surface sediments and cores from the margins of the Coreaú River Estuary. The high concentrations of P-Total in surface sediments indicated the need for monitoring studies. The larger fraction was P-Fe, composing 30% of P-Total, approximately. These results indicate the ability of the iron oxy-hydroxides to immobilize or release phosphorus. The contribution of the farm’s effluents was evidenced by higher concentrations of P-Org in points adjacent to discharge areas. In sediment cores, the highest P-Total concentrations were found predominantly in fine sediments (silt and clay), with the P-Fe, P-CFAP and P-FAP fractions being the main contributors. The sedimentation rates and concentration increases of P-Total indicate the possible period of deforestation and starting or maximum activity of shrimp farms in the end of the 1980 and mid 1990, respectively. High phosphorus concentrations as well as %TOC and chlorophyll-a levels suggested a significant anthropogenic contribution, associated with a high potential for eutrophication.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adaptação do método de Bott para contraste de densidade variando com a profundidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-23) GOMES, Karina Palheta; SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1870725463184491; SANTOS, Darcicléa Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5813659873067927
We present a new method to estimate the basement relief of a sedimentary basin through the analytic extension of the expression of the slab Bouguer for the case of a density contrast between the basement and the sediments decreasing monotonically with depth according to a hyperbolic law. The method requires that the noise in data have a standard deviation smaller than 0.01 mGal. The basement relief estimates are obtained at positions located directly below each observation. The methodology was applied on synthetic data from a simulated sedimentary basin presenting smooth basement relief. The method produced estimated basement topographies close to simulated basement topographies. The method was also applied to three sets of real Bouguer anomalies: Recôncavo Basin (Brazil), Büyük Menderes Graben (Turkey) and San Jacinto Graben (United States). The solutions produced by the proposed method attained maximum basement depth estimates in accordance with the available geological information: 6 km to Reconcavo Basin, 1.6 km to Büyük Menderes Valley, and 2.2 km to San Jacinto Graben.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adesão ao tratamento anti-retroviral por cuidadores de crianças e adolescentes soropositivos de uma Unidade de Saúde do Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-02) BRANCO, Caroline Mota; FERREIRA, Eleonora Arnaud Pereira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6600933695027723
The adhesion to treatment has been receiving a lot of attention in Health´s Psychology these years. Studies in this area reveal that the patients who don't take part in the treatment cannot receive benefits of therapeutical intervention. The literature about adhesion in the anti-retroviral´s treatment reveals that is the caretaker who usually has the responsibility for managing soropositive children and teenager´s treatment. This study aims to describe the standard adhesion of caretakers treatment who live in the State of Pará, identifying the variables that interfere in their participation. It still reveals the types of cope strategies used to deal with the adverse conditions of soropositivity. For that, it was carried out a descriptive study, of transverse cut, with 30 caretakers, enrolled in the “Unidade de Referência Materno-infantil e Adolescente do Estado do Pará” (UREMIA), using, as instruments of data collection, an interview with caretakers - which investigated socialdemografic, clinical and psicosocial children and teenager's aspects - and the “Escala Modos of Enfrentamento de Problemas” (EMEP). Concerning to caretakers participation, it was observed that some conditions facilitated the treatment´s adhesion. Those conditions were related to varied of family organization (such as the number of people that lived in a house), to the history of treatment interruption and the self-report of caretakers about the fulfilment standard which should be emitted about the success (or failure) of the adhesion. The influence of those varied demonstrated the influence of behavior control made by rules, because the caretakers emitted the fulfillment standard classified as "adhesion" in order to avoid being in contact with the aversive consequences of the non-continuation of the treatment. Concerning to the cope strategies, it was showed a major grade for Factor 3, emphasizing the use of strategies focused on religious practices and/or imaginative thoughts. This research verified that the caretakers of the sample avoided thinking about the soropositivity problem as it is really constituted, using religious thoughts or "magic" to continue working with the daily routine of the subject coping, which involved the condition of children and teenager’s soropositivity. Based on all this data, this research suggests that more studies should be carried out in order to investigate themes related to the function of social contigences about the behavior of children and teenager’s caretakers from Pará, and also investigate aspects concerned to the diagnosis revealing.