BDTD - Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2289

Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPA (BDTD). Sistema Eletrônico de Teses e Dissertações (TEDE). Projeto BDTD/UFPA e Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia (IBICT).

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    Comportamento silvicultural e dinâmica de serapilheira em plantios de duas espécies florestais na Amazônia oriental brasileira
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SOUSA, Vanesa Gomes de; BRIENZA JÚNIOR, Silvio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1750852376922258
    The deforestation in the Brazilian Amazonia has already altered about 750 million hectares and of this total, 20% are found with some level of degradation. The reincorporation to the productive process of the areas altered with the reforestation of tropical species of commercial value, it is an alternative to minimize the environmental impacts, with ecological benefits, increase of the wood offer and decrease of the pressure on the remaining natural forests. However, one of the great difficulties for the reforestation is the lack of scientific knowledge on the growth of native and exotic species. This work had as objective evaluates the efficiency of different systems of plantings with native and exotic forest species for recovery of altered land. The work was accomplished in Dom Eliseu city, state of the Pará, in three systems of land use: pure planting (Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum and Khaya ivorensis), mix of two forests species (S. parahyba var. amazonicum and K. ivorensis) and agroforestry system (S. amazonicum and Musa sp). To The forty months of age, in planting pure, S. parahyba var. amazonicum showed larger growth in height and dbh in the spacing 4 m x 3 m and K. ivorensis in the spacing 4 m x 4 m. However, the S. parahyba var. amazonicum presented better performance in the system mixed planting and agroforest system. The best performance of K. ivorensis was in the mixed system of species. Among the planting systems studied (mix of species and agroforest system), the litterfall was more in the mix of species with 3.737,5 kg ha-1, and the largest contribution of biomass was of the S. parahyba var. amazonicum. The largest biomass reduction was observed in the agroforest systems. Was evidence correlation negative between litterfall and rainfall to S. parahyba var. amazonicum and positive for K. ivorensis. The obtained results showed that the forest model of consortium of species was shown promising and it can be an alternative for recovery of altered areas, in way to offer different wood options and at the same time, to join positive factors in relation to biomass production and physicchemistry aspects of the soil.
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    Estoques e fluxos de carbono em plantações florestais jovens de Acacia mangium e Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum na Amazônia Oriental
    (Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FREITAS, Jorge Fernando Barros de; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0719395243841543
    Forest plantations are considered as an alternative land use to mitigate the effects of climate change due to their potential for carbon sequestration in tree species. However, there is little information about carbon stocks and fluxes in forest plantations commonly used in the tropics, especially in the Amazon. The aim of this study was to quantify aboveground carbon stock and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux in Acacia mangium Willd and Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum at different spacings. The study was conducted in Dom Eliseu, Pará, whose climate has a mean annual temperature around 25 ºC, annual rainfall varies from 2250 to 2500 mm; predominant soil is A moderate typic dystrophic Oxisol loamy soil. In this study we selected two species (A. mangium and S. parahyba var. Amazonicum) at two spacings (4.0 x 2.0 m and 4.0 x 3.0 m) with two replications, resulting in 4 treatments and 8 plots studied for a period of one year, from 2.5 to 3.5 years old. The plots measured 48 m x 60 m. We measured: height, diameter at breast height, soil CO2 flux, and estimated aboveground carbon stock. Mean soil CO2 efflux in plantations of A. mangium was 5.61 ± 1.30 Mg C ha-1 yr-1, and for S. parahyba the overall average was 7.07 ± 1.50 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. Annual accumulation of carbon in above-ground biomass A. mangium was 16.41 ± 1.16 and 14.03 ± 0.82 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 in 4.0 x 2.0 m and 4.0 x 3.0 m and 3.0 m, respectively. In S. parahyba the annual accumulation rate was 8.93 ± 1.87 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. A. mangium plantations accumulated more carbon in aboveground biomass than S. parahyba, with lower annual soil CO2 efflux smaller in relation to S. parahyba in both spacings. Overall A. mangium plantations in the 4.0 x 2.0 m spacing are recommended for carbon sequestration projects. In relation to S. parahyba, the 4.0 x 3.0 m would be recommended due to the same efficiency in carbon sequestration with lower requirement of inputs (seedlings) compared to 4.0 x 2.0 m. Continuos monitoring of the studied plantations would be very suitable to better understand the carbon dynamics.
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