Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca - PPGEAP/NEAP

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3478

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (PPGEAP) integra o Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Focaliza os problemas relacionados com a conservação e com a gestão dos ecossistemas aquáticos amazônicos, decorrentes do uso dos seus recursos naturais pelo homem, em particular os recursos pesqueiros, para atividades de desenvolvimento econômico e regional.Tem como objetivo geral capacitar recursos humanos capazes de compreender de forma integrada a complexa dinâmica dos ecossistemas aquáticos da Amazônia, visando o uso racional dos seus recursos e sua conservação.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acordos de pesca: desafios de implementação e consolidação em áreas de várzea do município de Gurupá, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-08-03) COSTA, Pâmela Melo; MCGRATH, David Gibbs; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4373475491613670
Considering the context in which many decisions Amazon to protect and conserve the environment for the region often arise vertically, with no participation of the users of natural resources, local community in decision-making processes, and end up forgetting the empirical experiences this population is that they did this study. Through the methodological techniques: direct observation, application of semi-structured interviews, analysis of monitoring data sheets, we tried to look at the context of life gurupaense, especially those living on the floodplains of the municipality, and has considered agroextractivists activity fishing source of protein, income and who has been practicing in a shared mechanism of the Fisheries Agreement as a way of managing this activity. The research focuses on the Community Management of Shrimp implementation process and consolidate the participation of experts, NGOs and financing projects, as well as the social, economic and environmental conditions in periods in which there was or not the work of that outside mediation. The study showed that participation of outside mediation stimulated organizational processes and provided the local collective action, which even with the termination of support, self-management and community force is passed on to younger generations, but the study also shows that the challenge best indicators for the environmental levels is required technical support to promote scientific research in the field of Population Dynamics of Fish Stocks.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assembleias de ciclídeos na área focal da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, médio Rio Solimões, Amazonas, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-03-19) PEREIRA, Ludmilla Costa Ferreira; CAMARGO-ZORRO, Mauricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5423657235023988
This study aims to know the fish diversity of the family Cichlidae in different habitats (lakes, ressacas and river banks) and habitats (floating macrophytes, branches and beaches) on Sustainable Development Reserve Mamiraua (RDSM), medium Solimoes River, Amazonas. Samples were collected in two periods: 1) Three months sampled in March, July and December 2003 in 21 environments; 2) from September 2003 to August 2004 in five lakes with presence of the floating meadows Eichornia crassipes and Paspalum repens. Were used gillnets, hand nets and seine nets. Were collected 6397 fishes and 350 kilograms, represented in 28 species and 16 genera. Cichlids represented approximately 35% of the total number of fish collected. The composition of the catch was dominated by juvenile forms or small fishes. Mesonauta insignis and Cichlassoma amazonarum dominate in abundance and weight along the study. Species richness was larger in the period I (28 species), while during the period II were recorded 19 species. Nine species were absent in lakes with floating meadows. The study showed that the cichlids moving between environments and habitats of the Reserve in search of better conditions for their survival.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da biologia reprodutiva de Plagioscion squamosissimus (HECKEL, 1840) e Plagioscion surinamensis (BLEEKER, 1873) no terminal de Vila do Conde e área adjacente (Barcarena - PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-29) BARBOSA, Neuciane Dias; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528
The Port of Vila do Conde, situated in the city of Barcarena/PA, have been exposed to a number of environmental disasters in recent years which can eventually cause the disequilibrium of the use that the aquatic resources make of the environment and consequently to the ecosystem as a whole. Artisanal fishery in this region is relevant, detaching Plagioscion squamosissimus and P.surinamensis as the mains sources of income and food for the population. The objective of this study was to describe the areas of concentration and the reproductive biology of P. squamosissimus and P. surinamensis in the adjacent area of Vila do Conde, mainly identifying the importance of the use of these environments for reproduction. Aiming to identify to the period and fishing sites of greater species abundance, it was obtained the index of abundance CPUE (Kg/viagem) based on data collected from June 2007 to May 2008. The determination of the use of the area for reproduction and the description of reproductive biology was based on 40 to 53 individuals of each species collected from the commercial fishery in a bimensal basis. In laboratory, total length and total weight was registered and gonads were removed for the identification of sexual maturity. The abundance of P. squamosissimus is maximum between September and February and for P. surinamensis it is registered between March the May. The weight-length relationship showed isometry for the females of P. squamosissimus and for both sexes of P. surinamensis. For males of P. squamosissimus positive alometry was registered. The sexual ratio was favorable to the males for P. surinamensis (1,05male: 1female) and favorable to the females (1,11female: 1male) for P. squamosissimus. The value of L50 (length at first maturity) for P. squamosissimus was 16,14 cm for females and 21,43 cm for males. The length at first maturity for P. surinamensis was 27,65 cm for females and 27,13 cm for the males. The percentage of individuals in reproduction of the P. squamisissimus is considerable. The peak of the reproduction of this species (October/November and February/March) coincides with the peak of abundance, indicating that this species is in the area for reproduction. P.surinamensis presented greater percentage of immature and maturing individuals, indicating that this species uses this area mainly as a nursery. For P. surimamensis, reproductive individuals was mainly reported in August/September and October/November.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biologia e ecologia do camarão dulcícola Macrobrachium surinamicum Holthuis, 1948 (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) no estuário Guajará, Pará, costa norte do Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-29) CAVALCANTE, Danielle Viveiros; MARTINELLI-LEMOS, Jussara Moretto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5264841936875017
Macrobrachium surinamicum é uma espécie de camarão do Atlântico cuja biologia ainda é pouco conhecida. Na Amazônia ele é frequentemente capturado como fauna associada à M. amazonicum, espécie predominantemente dulcícola amplamente comercializada na região amazônica pela pesca artesanal, atendendo as necessidades alimentícias e econômicas da comunidade ribeirinha. Com o objetivo de caracterizar a distribuição espaço-temporal do camarão dulcícola M. surinamicum na Baía do Guajará e Ilha de Mosqueiro, correlacionando a abundância desta espécie com fatores abióticos (temperatura e salinidade) e, além disso, investigar a estrutura populacional, as principais relações biométricas e elucidar alguns aspectos da reprodução desta espécie, foram realizadas expedições mensais na Baía do Guajará e na Ilha de Mosqueiro de maio/2006 a abril/2007. As amostragens foram realizadas com utilização de armadilhas conhecidas localmente como matapis. Um total de 361 camarões foram capturados sendo a maior abundância em dezembro e a menor em julho de 2006. A maior captura foi na Ilha de Arapiranga e menor na Ilha de Mosqueiro. A abundância diferiu significativamente em dezembro/06 e nenhuma variável estudada teve influência significativa na abundância de M. surinamicum. Os machos foram maiores que as fêmeas e a proporção sexual total não diferiu significativamente do esperado de 1:1. A frequência de fêmeas e machos entre locais e meses foi maior em dois períodos do ano, denotando dois prováveis períodos de recrutamento: um maior de novembro a fevereiro e outro menor, de abril a maio. As relações entre o comprimento do cefalotórax (CC) e as demais variáveis indicaram crescimento alométrico positivo. A maturidade sexual de M. surinamicum ocorreu em tamanhos diferentes para fêmeas e machos, sendo que o tamanho médio da primeira maturação (L50) de fêmeas foi 5,47 mm de CC e de machos 8,85 mm, sendo 6,08 mm para os sexos agrupados. A combinação das maiores freqüências de estágios maturos, ovígeras e desovadas de fêmeas, com os picos de fator de condição relativos (Kr) indicam que as desovas são intermitentes, apresentando, no entanto, um pico desova em janeiro e fevereiro, coincidindo com a maior pluviosidade na região. A Baía do Guajará, especialmente os locais mais abrigados como a Ilha de Arapiranga e do Combu, propiciam o desenvolvimento de M. surinamicum, o que indica que esta espécie tenha preferência para áreas menos antropizadas, se mantendo no estuário tanto nas etapas juvenis quanto adulta, que todos os estádios de maturação gonadal foram encontrados o que torna a Baía de Guajará e a Ilha de Mosqueiro locais importantes para a conservação desse crustáceo.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Biologia reprodutiva e dinâmica populacional de Hypancistrus zebra Isbrücker & Nijssen, 1991 (Siluriformes, Loricariidae), no rio Xingu, Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-05-25) ROMAN, Ana Paula Oliveira; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724
Hypancistrus zebra is a specie used with ornamental purposes, endemic and rare in the Middle - Lower Rio Xingu, which has strong demand from the international ornamental fish market, which created a strong pressure of exploitation associated with this species. H.zebra is included on the list of Brazilian fauna threatened with extinction and their capture is prohibited. It is known that even prohibited, it continues to be captured and exported illegally, together with the construction of this hydroelectric Belo Monte in his patch of distribution, which threatens their geographical distribution and lack of information on its biology and ecology make it difficult planning actions for this species. So, if this work aimed to study aspects of reproductive biology and population dynamics to contribute to conservation measures for this species. Specimens of H. zebra were taken monthly from March 2009 to February 2010, by diving with a compressor, on the Xingu River, between the location of the weevil and Rita village of Belo Monte. The captured individuals were weighed and measured (total weight and total length). The gonads were removed and immediately fixed in Bouin solution. This was followed by routine histological techniques and the slides were stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). The stages of gonadal maturation were described based on the presence of germ cells at different stages of development. Through the length frequency data, estimates of population parameters such as growth models, recruitment, mortality, yield per recruit and size of first gonadal maturity. The species showed a seasonal spawning peaks between the two transition seasons of drought and flood (and vice versa) of the river, and two periods of recruitment, with different growth rates. It was estimated that the species has a lifespan of five years, and is at the limit of maximum sustainable yield, which is characterized as a dangerous situation for the species, because any increase in effort will compromise the stock and it is not known impacts that occur as a result of changes in their habitat caused by dam construction.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunidade de meiofauna e associações de nematoda em praias arenosas Amazônicas de macromaré: variações espaciais e sazonais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-27) MELO, Tatianne Pereira Gomes de; VENEKEY, Virág; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1106411624280455
Considering benthic communities few studies are related to meiobenthic communities of tropical regions with macrotidal regime. This thesis is divided in two chapters. In chaper 1 the space temporal variations of meiofauna structure and Nematoda associations were analysed in beaches with different hydrodynamics at Algodoal Island. (Para). The samplings were made during one year (September/2011, December 2011, March/2012 and June/2012) in three beaches of the island: Caixa d’Agua, Farol and Princesa. The meiofauna was composed by 14 taxons, with Nematoda and Tardigrada as dominant groups. The mean density of meiofauna at Princesa beach was significantly different from Farol beach. The result was attributed to the higher disponibility of food in the intermediate beach (Farol) and the lower disponibility of food and higher waves action in the oceanic dissipative beach (Princesa). All Nematoda descripts (density, richness, eveness and diversity) presented higher values in the protected estuarine beach Caixa d’Agua and lower in the oceanic beach. Considering stations in the beaches, higher densities occured in the middle intertidal zone and lower values in the upper intertidal zone, however richness, eveness and diversity presented maximum values on the lower intertidal zone. 131 Nematoda genera were identified. The nematofauna was significantly different between months and stations in all beaches. Water content, subtrate temperature and proportion of sand were the enviromental variables more related to Nematoda genera. In chapter 2 was verified a taxonomic review and analysys were done to identify the diversity patterns of meiofauna and Nematoda from macrotidal sandy beaches, considering different morphodynamic states and different latitudes: a literature review. Until now 46 Nematoda genera were identified in dissipative beaches, 103 in beach dominated by semi-exposted tide, 82 in protected beach, 80 in beach modified by tide and 82 in ultradissipative beaches. Concerning latitudes, 139 genera were recorded in tropical region and 107 in temperate region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conflito e enfrentamento diante das mudanças ambientais decorrentes da construção de barragem: memória coletiva e pesca artesanal no Lago da UHE de Tucuruí/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-26) SOUZA, Cleide Lima de; RAVENA CAÑETE, Voyner; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9961199993740323
This study investigates the artificial lake of the Tucuruí/PA hydroelectric power plant. The main problem is the memory about access and use of fishing resources. Some of the research questions are: does knowledge about the ecosystem prior to the construction of the reservoir allow the confrontation of the local population, that is, the artisan fishermen in relation to the highly modified environment? To what extent knowledge about water resources are incorporated to new knowledge so that different strategies of access and use of fishing resources are created? Which socioenvironmental changes interfere in the collective memory? With these questions in mind, the study aims to identify and analyze collective memory taking into consideration the changes in the natural environment due to the strong impacts of the Tucuruí/PA hydroelectric power plant, in order to identify and analyze the dynamic between the old actors (native) and new (immigrants) and possible scenarios of conflict involving artisanal fishing. The methodology include the choice of 3 of the main fish landing ports (Santa Rosa, Polo Pesqueiro and Porto do Onze) and the use of quanti-qualitative techniques and the application of 80 questionnaires and 50 semi-structured interviews as well as the gathering of documental and bibliographic information prior to the creation of the lake. The theoretical reference refers to society and nature, collective memory and artisanal fishing. The results highlight the dimension of the socioenvironmental impact caused, marked in the collective memory that allows remembering the environment before the construction of the dam (Tocantins river), in the process of confronting the new environment (artificial lake) that allows artisanal fishing in another territory, now (re) constructed by people´s collective memory. The study concludes that the way of living of these fishermen in face of the changes, which involve the transformation of a river into a lake, represents a rupture in their knowledge and in their relation with nature. Collective memory represents an essential tool for continuity, although uncertain, as it links past and present in the reconstruction of a new fishing territory.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica populacional e distribuição espacial de Petrolisthes armatus Gibbes, 1850 (Crustacea; Porcellanidae) do estuário de Marapanim, litoral amazônico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-11-16) SILVA, Dalila Costa; MARTINELLI-LEMOS, Jussara Moretto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5264841936875017
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Distribuição e ecomorfologia de Neritina zebra (Bruguiere, 1792) (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Neritidae), em um estuário amazônico, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-25) CUNHA, Cristiane Vieira da; SANTOS, Franklin Noel dos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2437036625902034; LEE, James Tony; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1693070833836566
The present study evaluates the vertical distribution of Neritina zebra in rocky outcrops in the lower and middle intertidal, intertidal as well as the horizontal distribution between rocky and clay substratas of an estuary in the Brazilian Amazon. The sampling areas are located in an oligohaline area in Icoaraci, Mosqueiro and Colares, at the coast of the State of Pará, Brasil. To evaluate the vertical distribution on orocky substrata, substratamolluscs were esampled in the lower and middle intertidal. intertidal In the lower mesolittoralmto, where clay and rocky substrata occur, substrataoccursamples were collected to verify the effect of the substrata on othe distribution of the mollusc.For each substrata and intertidal zonet zone, 22 replicates were randomly sampledusing a quadrant of 25x25cm² during the rainyrainy and dry season. An Analysis of Variance was seasonAAVancewasperformed to test (1) the effect of the intertidal zone and (2) the substrata onsubstratao the density of N. zebra. Analysis Athe vertical distribution results showed that in the lower zone, ,juvenile individuals show a higher density than in the middle zone, and an oppositeand anp pattern compared with adults appear to occur.Regarding the distribution on the different substrata,on the differentsubstrata results showed higher densities ono rocky substrate than onon clay substrata for young individuals, whereas no definite pattern was detected for adultss. This variability between the substrata and intertidal zones showed the influence of the seasons and the sampling sites. Icoaraci showed theshowedlowest densities, which can be associated to the anthropic activities in that area.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia e etnoecologia de Hypancistrus zebra (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) no rio Xingu, Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-05) GONÇALVES, Alany Pedrosa; NAHUM, Victoria Judith Isaac; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724
H. Zebra is a fish species of the Loricariidae family, Ancistrinae subfamily, endemic of the Xingu River, with distribution from Belo Monte to the confluence of the Xingu and Iriri rivers. Being a species with great market value aquarist ornamental his capture became rampant, making it an endangered species. Despite strong pressure on H. zebra, there are still few studies on the species. Thus, given the scarcity of basic information and the constant threats, knowing the biology and ecology of H. zebra, aggregating the results of scientific research, also the local ecological knowledge of fishermen ornamental trade about this species becomes an essential tool for the conservation of the species. The distribution of H. zebra is restricted to a small stretch of the Xingu River, between Gorgulho da Rita and Itaubinha, and does not occur evenly, it depends on the presence of boulders. A total of 283 individuals of H. zebra were visualized in the rocky outcrops of the study area, of which 232 were captured. The lowest average abundance was Gorgulho da Rita, as opposed to the site Jericoá with the greatest abundance. Between periods, there was a greater abundance in dry river and lowest value for the period of filling. Environmental factors had no significant influence on the abundance of H. zebra. H. zebra is a generalist species, feeding mainly of periphytic algae, debris, plant debris and sponges, while nematodes and millipedes were considered occasional items. Diet composition and abundance of H. zebra showed no significant differences for collection sites, periods of the year and ontogeny. Considering the composition and abundance of the diet, H. zebra can be considered an iliophagousomnivorous, and ability to adapt changes in food availability in the construction of the Hidroeletric Belo Monte. Ornamental trade fishermen demonstrate expert knowledge concerning the distribution and abundance, habitat, feeding, predation and reproduction of the H. zebra, which can be used to optimize work and to facilitate future management measures. The construction of the Hydroeltric Belo Monte Hydroelectric is a threat to the survival of H. zebra and future studies and monitoring of the species are needed, either as mitigation of impacts, either as to captive breeding as an alternative income coastal communities who depend on fishing on the Xingu river ornamental.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito da monocultura de dendezeiro (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.) na integridade física e nas assembleias de peixes de igarapés da Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-25) FERREIRA, Márcio Cunha; JUEN, Leandro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1369357248133029; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4936237097107099
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of palm oil farming Elaeis guineenses JACQ. in the integrity of physical habitat and in the assemblages of fishes in upland streams of Eastern Amazonia. The sampling sites were established in sections (150 m) of 23 streams in the Acará-Mirim basin, northeastern of Pará state. According to the results of the index of physical integrity, all streams (n = 8) that drain forest areas were classified as preserved (IPI = 5.00 to 4.00), whereas the 15 streams that drain oil palm plantations have been classified as changed (IIF = 3.67 to 2.67). 9,734 specimens of fish belonging to six orders, 24 families, over 64 species were collected. The most abundant species during the study were Microcharacidium weitzmani, Apistogramma gr. regain, Trichomycterus hasemani, Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus and Copella arnoldi. The richness observed in streams that drain plantations was higher (S = 61) than found in the streams in forest fragments (S = 42). The results of PERMANOVA show that exist differences between sites (GL = 22; pseud – F = 2.44; P = 0.01), however the ordering produced by NMDS shows that this difference is subtle (stress = 0.19). a similar result was obtained using functional trophic groups abundance (stress = 0.18). the results of TITAN indicates that some species are adapted to persist in certain environmental conditions, such as Aequidens tetramerus, Apistogramma agassizii and Microcharacidium weitzmani are associated with lower physical habitat integrity (P < 0.05; purity > 0.95; reliability > 0.95), while the species Hyphessobrycon heterorhabdus and Helogenes marmoratus shown to be indicative of more intact habitats (P < 0.05; purity > 0.95; reliability > 0.95). There was no correlation between the species richness and the index of physical integrity, while the only functional trophic groups that correlated with the index were the diggers and collectors browsers. These groups are composed by Cichlid fishes that have tolerant and generalist behaviors that may have explained his great contribution in the fish assemblage even in places where sedimentation was high compared to places with the nearest natural setting. This shows that even species richness was higher in altered streams there are strong evidences of loss of environmental quality in streams draining plantations generated by the cultivation of oil palm.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Eficiência de diferentes abordagens metodológicas e caracterização das associações macrobentônicas estuarinas da zona costeira amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-06-10) MONTEIRO, Viviane Ferreira; ROSA FILHO, José Souto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3223362071251898
The estuarine macrobenthic communities from Amazonian coastal regions were characterized using different mesh sizes and sampling depths. The samplings were performed in Algodoal island and peninsula of Ajuruteua (PA), during rainy and dry seasons (June and December 2007, respectively) at the following habitats: mangrove edge, mangrove, sandy and muddy-sandy paths. At each habitat eight biological samples were collected using a cylindrical corer with 0.0079 m², as well as samples for sediment analysis (texture, moisture and organic matter concentrations) and chlorophyll a and pheopigments concentrations. Each biological sample was devided into three strata (0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm) and they were sieved on mesh screen sizes of 1.0, 0.5, 0.3 and 0.25 mm. Univariate (ANOVA) and multivariate (MDS, ANOSIM, SIMPER and BIOENV) techniques were used for data analysis. Macrofaunal composition consisted of 68 taxa with dominance of Annelida (Tubificidae and Capitellidae). Meshes of 0.3 and 0.25 mm were the most efficient in terms of retention of organisms and species, while the mesh of 1.0 mm lost significant quantities of organisms, especially Tubificidae. The samples collected at 10 and 20 cm depth did not differ significantly regarding to the number of taxa and organisms. Significant spatial variations were observed on the macrofaunal structure between habitats in both locations and sampling moments, with higher density and richness in muddy paths (mangrove edge and mangrove). The amount of clay, organic matter and moisture concentrations of the sediment were the most correlated environmental variables with the fauna. It could be concluded that: 1. the benthic macrofauna in Algodoal island and peninsula of Ajuruteua was composed by few taxa, and those were typically estuarine and of small dimensions, dominated by Annelida; 2. for characterization of benthic macrofauna is necessary to take samples at 10 cm depth and sieve them on mesh of 0.3 mm size; 3. Muddy-sandy habitats presented normally highest densities and richness; 4. only in Algodoal island was observed temporal variation in the structure of benthic macrofauna; 5. the amount of clay, pheopigments and moisture content in the sediment were the main factors responsible for macrofaunal structure.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estrutura populacional e maturidade sexual de Sylviocarcinus pictus (h. Milne-Eduards, 1853) e S. Devillei h. Milne-Eduards, 1853 (Brachyura, Trichodactylidae) das ilhas do estuário amazônico no entorno de Belém, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-06-08) SILVA, Leiliane Souza da; MARTINELLI-LEMOS, Jussara Moretto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5264841936875017
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estrutura populacional, uso de ambientes e crescimento corporal de Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia (DAUDIN, 1801), na Ilha de Algodoal/Maiandeua, Maracanã, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-02-26) FIGUEIREDO, Manoela Wariss; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862; ISAAC, Victoria Judith; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3696530797888724
For Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia (Daudin, 1801), until this study, there were no further studies that focused on their ecology in natural environment. In general, the existing works are based on few records at different locations in range of the species and data from animals in captivity, such reports have described the species as a generalist in relation to their feeding and the use of environments. This study aimed to evaluate the use of environments, the population structure and estimate the constant growth of the Rhinoclemmys punctularia punctularia in Island of Algodoal/Maiandeua, which is an environmental protection area (APA). As methodology were conducted experimental fishing in different environments of the APA of Algodoal/Maiandeua, between the years 2008 and 2009. Of the sampled specimens were captured only environments without the influence of marine waters and abundant food resources, such as the fruits of Annona sp. and Chysobalanus sp.. Environments used by R. p. punctularia (flooded forest, temporary ponds and lagoons of the plain), the highest yields were found in lagoons of the plain, where there is a greater availability of fruits of Annona sp. and Chysobalanus sp in water bodies that the species occupies. The population of R. p. punctularia in Algodoal/Maiandeua is mainly composed of adults and is slightly skewed towards females (0.43 males). The average length of females is 195.42±18 mm (range 43-226 mm) (n=68) while the males is 167±12.7 mm (range 133-197mm) (n=64), the females being statistically larger than males (U=454.02; GL=132, p=0.0001, n=132). In both sexes there was a significantly negative relationship between growth rate and length of the carapace. The model of von Bertallanfy was an estimated value of k=0.19 year-1 for males and k=0.16 year-1 for females, since the values of L∞ were 207.36 mm and 237.89 mm for males and females, respectively. When you reach the CRC 237 mm for females and 207 mm for males, the species reaches the age of about 33 years in both sexes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da biologia reprodutiva de Crassostrea gasar (Adanson, 1757) no nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04-30) PAIXÃO, Leonardo Fernandes da; FERREIRA, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1832728101486131; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081
The present study analyzed gonadal development in Crassostrea gasar from an Amazonian estuary and characterized the relationship between the reproductive cycle and the variation in abiotic factors. Samples of approximately 20 oysters were collected each month between August, 2009, and December, 2010. The study period was divided into four seasonal periods (dry, dry-rainy transition, rainy, and rainy-dry transition). The salinity, pH, temperature, and dissolved oxygen concentration of the water were measured in situ during the collection of specimens. The gonads were dissected and analyzed histologically. A total of 353 specimens were collected, of which 190 were female, 161 were male, and two were hermaphrodite. Histologically, the specimens were classified in four gonadal stages: I – immature; II – maturing; III – mature, and IV – spawned (females) and spermiated (males). Of the abiotic factors analyzed, only salinity and rainfall varied significantly over the study period, with correlations being found between these factors and gonadal maturation, suggesting that they influence the reproductive cycle of the species. A predominance of mature (stage III) and maturing individuals were recorded during the rainy and rainy-dry periods (low salinity and high rainfall), whereas immature (I) and spawned/spermiated (IV) specimens were more common during the dry and dry-rainy periods (high salinity and low rainfall). Given this, the collection of seeds for farming would be recommended during the latter period, when spawned/spermiated oysters were more common.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A ictiofauna e a atividade pesqueira na Ilha das Onças, Barcarena - Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) TORRES, Danielly Gurjão; FRÉDOU, Thierry; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8119220407894290
The Onças Island is one of the many islands that are on the left bank of the Guajará Bay, known mainly by the presence of palm tree that produces açaí as fruit (Euterpe oleracea) and the importance that its channels represent for the regional navigation. Among the main channels that make up the island, stands the Piramanha Channel, which crosses the Onças Island. The composition and distribution of the icthyofauna in this island is not well known, on that basis, this study aimed to describe the species in the region and its use for the environment and the importance they have for the local population. Fisheries were conducted quarterly in accordance with the climatic periods with block net in the river creek and gill nets in the channel. At the time of the sampling, abiotic data were recorded in situ (pH, salinity, temperature), with no results differences between the periods. Were captured 1177 individuals from 20 families, most of which were Aspredinidae, Sciaenidae and Pimelodidae, distributed in 39 species identified (27 in the channel and 26 in the river creek). The species were mostly constant (FO> 75%), and diversity was similar over time, with no dominant species in any period. The W statistics show disturbed environments, in the rainiest months of March and December, however, in them were also reported the greatest abundance (CPUEn and CPUEb), indicating that this analysis may not be suitable for environments where there is dominance of small individuals, causing a natural abundance, be confused with an exchange of dominance. Multivariate analysis showed that the environments are significantly different, mainly by numerical abundance of A. aspredo in the channel, and P. squamosissimus in the river creek, which together with the L. dorsalis, the H. marginatus, the A. aff. ucayalensis form the main species on the island. In the main channel were collected mostly estuarine especies, which feed mainly on zoobenthos and fish, and in the river creek, there was dominance of freshwater species, whose food preferences change over the year, apparently according to the rainfall. Generally the species are small and mediumsized (CT <30 cm), immature (mostly in stage A) and feed in a period of one year at least. Despite the favorable environment for fishing, 90% of residents has the açaí as its main source of income, and fishing as a secondary source, depending on harvest periods of açaí. The main fishing gear is the shrimp trap, that targets the Amazon shrimp (Macrobachium amazonicum), followed by gill net and block net, that targets species are mostly caught in the same abundance in this study. For small and low economic value, fishing on the island is mainly performed as a supplementary source of protein, since the intense fishing activity and disturbance caused by vessels further diminish this number.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do ambiente de nidificação sobre a taxa de eclosão, a duração da incubação e a determinação sexual em Podocnemis (Reptilia, Podocnemididae) no Tabuleiro do Embaubal rio Xingu, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-05-14) CARNEIRO, Cristiane Costa; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862
In turtles, the characteristics of the nesting environment have a strong influence on the incubation temperature of eggs and, consequently, on the reproductive success. The effects of the enviroment of nesting on the hatching rate, the duration of incubation and the sexual determination of the nestlings of Podocnemis expansa, Podocnemis unifilis and Podocnemis sextuberculata in the Embaubal nesting beach, Xingu River, Pará State, Brazil, in 2007, 2008 and 2010 were investigated. Nesting beaches were continuously visited between September and January, in order to monitoring nests marked in the first day after oviposition, in each reproductive season. The following features measured: day of spawning, depth to the first egg, The nest’s height in relation to the river level, granulometry and temperatures of inubation. The hatching rate differed between years for the three species. The duration f incubation varied only between years P. sextuberculata. The sex ratio of P. expansa in 2007 was 0.08 and in 2008 and 2010 all the nestlings were females. In P. sextuberculata sex ratio in 2007 was 0.34, and in 2008 and 2010 was 0.06. The sex ratio of P. unifilis in 2007 was 0.41, 0.65 in 2008 and 0.02 in 2010. All of these differences were significants statistically. The nest’s height in relation to the river level presented positive correlation with the hatching rate of the three species in 2008 and a negative relation with the hatching rate of P. sextuberculata in 2010. The number of days after the beginning of the spawnings influenced the duration of incubation of P. sextuberculata and P. unifilis in 2008. The average temperature, the number of hours/degree above of 32°C and the size of the sediment influenced the sex ratio of P. expansa. The results attest to the variation in hatching success, embryo development and sex ratio produced between years. Still, it was observed that the influence of microclimatic variables of the selected sites for nesting in nesting success and sex ratio varied between years, which is a clear evidence that climatic conditions plays a major role and causes changes in the parameters examined thorough a nesting season and between nesting seasons in subsequent years. It is recommended the continued monitoring of the related parameters in the main areas which is invest the protection the reproductive sites of turtles.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Participação e conhecimentos femininos na inserção de novas espécies de pescado no mercado e na dieta alimentar dos pescadores da RESEX Mãe Grande em Curuçá/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-30) PALHETA, Marllen Karine da Silva; RAVENA CAÑETE, Voyner; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9961199993740323
This paper aims to describe the main as the traditional knowledge of women shellfish and fisher of river and sea, the locality of Caratateua, RESEX Marine Mom Large Curuçá – PA, contributes to market integration and commercialization of new species of fish. Therefore, the paper uses a methodology qualitative and quantitative, disposing of data that point to a scarcity of the species is much appreciated in the local market, as well as presents the knowledge traditional female on key species that comprise the diet of fishermen as a way to bring new species in the local market. The paper describes, more, species that have been entered into the system from the feminine knowledge. Data collection occurred in the period from March to August 2012. The methodological techniques were semi-structured interviews and participant observation. To characterize the community socioeconomically were applied 76 questionnaires with residents. The semi-structured interviews were conducted with fishers / seafood community, being applied 10 questionnaires and market in the city of Curuçá were applied 9 questionnaires sent to sellers of fish. The interviews showed the changes over the years, evidencing the shortage of traditional species, both the table fisherman as the consumer market. Stresses, especially, as the woman has a fundamental role in inclusion of new species in both sectors, because there is a greater perception about the natural resources consumption.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A pesca de curral no município de São Caetano de Odivelas-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-02-22) FIDELLIS, Carolina de Nazaré Aleixo; BARTHEM, Ronaldo Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4192105831997326
The fish weir is one of the most traditional and productive fishing gear from the coast of Pará. Its production reaches about 10% of fisheries production of Northeastern of Pará (Santos et al., 2005). The fishing productivity depends on the type of the corral and as the place where it is installed. To achieve this work, 12 fishing corrals were selected and classified according to the type (heart, shoves and pipe), the place of installation ("edge/brink" or "out") and the type of environment in which it is (riverbanks, the edge of the beach and sandbar/banks), were georeferenced and had its fishing productivity accompanied during the period of harvest (June, July and August) from 2012. In the community of San Juan de Ramos, were found roadside corrals 3 of type heart, installed on the banks of the Paruipema River, and 3 corrals out of type shoves, installed on sandbanks in the beaches mouse and of the sailor. In the community of Aê, were monitored 6 classified as corrals of the edge, 3 of type heart and 3 of type pipe, and all met installed in beach Ponta de Itaipu. 4.274 individuals were captured, distributed in 9 orders, 20 families and 43 species of fish. The order Perciformes was the one that presented the largest number of families (10 families or 50% of the total), the largest number of species (19 or 44%) and the largest number of individuals (3,190 or 75% of the total). Sciaenidae and Ariidae families are the most abundant in the region both in number of species and individuals. The Sciaenidae family was presented the highest number of individuals (2,855 or 67%), but had fewer species (8 or 19%) that the family Ariidae, with 10 species or 23% of the total. Of the 43 species caught, the four most represented were: Macrodon ancylodon (51%), Arius couma (9%), Cynoscion virescens (9%) and Mugil incilis (4%). The comparison of the catch between the Stockyards and localities over the months of monitoring indicated that the total production of corrals differed between the types of corrals associated with your location.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Revisão taxonômica de Tometes Valenciennes, 1850 (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae) das drenagens do Escudo das Guianas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-02-21) ANDRADE, Marcelo Costa; JÉGU, Michel Louis Arthur Marie Ange François; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1270768412397418; GIARRIZZO, Tommaso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5889416127858884
The genus Tometes Valenciennes, 1850 was originally described for the typespecies T. trilobatus, by presenting incisiform and bi- tricuspid teeth. However, the genus was synonymized with Myleus Müller and Troschell, 1844 for approximately a century and a half until being revalidated with an addition of two new species descriptions, T. lebaili and T. makue. This study presents a taxonomic review of Tometes from Guyana Shield where the three nominal species are recognized as valid and here were re-described, also a new species from Trombetas basin was described, increasing the diversity and distribution of genus. Among the main characteristics of diagnosis were observed: T. trilobatus is distinguishes from its congeners by having dentary and premaxillary teeth with the central cusp with rounded edge (vs. teeth with the central cusp or principal cusp with sharp edge). T. lebaili differs from others Tometes by having mouth oblique dorsally directed (vs. terminal mouth). T. makue is different by having a few spines on the serrae prepelvic, always between 0 and 9 spines (vs. over 9 spines). Already the new species is distinguished by the neurocranium with a slight concavity at the level of the epiphyseal bar, and also by having scales of irregular size (vs. dorsal profile of the neurocranium without a slight concavity, and scales of regular size). All species of Tometes are strictly rheophilic, and occur exclusively in the rapids of shield rivers, complex and fragile biotopes that are threatened by anthropogenic activities. The conclusions reached by this study highlight the urgent challenge to understand more fully existing species/habitat relationships.

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