Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca - PPGEAP/NEAP
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/3478
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia Aquática e Pesca (PPGEAP) integra o Núcleo de Ecologia Aquática e Pesca da Amazônia (NEAP) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Focaliza os problemas relacionados com a conservação e com a gestão dos ecossistemas aquáticos amazônicos, decorrentes do uso dos seus recursos naturais pelo homem, em particular os recursos pesqueiros, para atividades de desenvolvimento econômico e regional.Tem como objetivo geral capacitar recursos humanos capazes de compreender de forma integrada a complexa dinâmica dos ecossistemas aquáticos da Amazônia, visando o uso racional dos seus recursos e sua conservação.
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Distribuição espaço-temporal da ictiofauna de poças de maré de um estuário amazônico: interação de fatores(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-02-28) OLIVEIRA, Rory Romero de Sena; GIARRIZZO, Tommaso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5889416127858884The intertidal rockpool ichthyofauna has been studied for several years in temperate and tropical regions at the Pacific Coast, however, in Brazil, the knowledge about it is still incipient. The aim of the present study was to investigate the fish assemblages in tidepools located in three different habitats: rocky outcrop, mangrove forest and salt marsh, at Areuá Island, Curuçá river estuary, North Brazil. Samples were taken quarterly from February 2009 to November 2009, during the spring tide, following a standardized methodology. The physicochemical parameters changed along a topographic gradient and were responsible for the spatio-temporal distribution of fish fauna at rocky outcrop tidepools. Salinty, mean depth and substrate heterogeneity were the parameters that more explained the variations in fish fauna distribution A clear segregation of fish assemblages was found between the tidepools of rocky outcrop and vegetated habitats (tideools in mangrove forest and saltmarsh). These findings suggest that the fish fauna has preferences for some habitats influenced by environmental variables and substrate heterogeneity. However, more researches should be conducted taking into account inter-and intra-specific relationships.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Distribuição espaço-temporal das larvas de camarões (Decapoda) no estuário do Rio Marapanim, Pará, litoral norte do Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) MARQUES, Adriana da Silva Pinto; MARTINELLI-LEMOS, Jussara Moretto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5264841936875017Despite the ecological and economic importance larvae of shrimp, there is no knowledge on shrimp larvae in the Marapanim estuary (Pará, Brazil). With the aim of studying the species composition, abundance and spatial-temporal distribution of these larvae in the estuary in relation to season (dry, transition and rainy), estuary zone (1, 2 and 3), sampling site (A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3) and profile (A and B), monthly collections were carried out between August 2006 and July 2007. Biological samples were obtained from two horizontal drags at each sampling site at 0.5 m from the surface of the water column with the aid of a conical plankton net (aperture = 0.5 m and mesh = 200 μm). Abiotic data were a lso gathered, such as temperature, salinity and pH of the water. A total of 4644 shrimp larvae from the infra-orders Penaeidea and Caridea were collected. Among the species and/or families encountered, the most abundant were Alpheus estuariensis (302.59 larvae/m3), Palaemonidae (97.05 larvae/m3) and elaphocaris stage of Sergestidae (90.47 larvae/m3), with A. estuariensis the most frequent (76.39%). Greater abundance, diversity and richness of the shrimp larvae occurred in the dry season. Cluster analysis of the monthly abundance of larvae led to the formation of three groups with 65% similarity, in which A. estuariensis was dominant and was the species that most contributed to the similarity in the groups. The main difference among groups was due to Sergestidae, Palaemonidae and Xiphopenaeus kroyeri larvae densities. Among the abiotic factors studied, the salinity was the factor that most influenced the spatial-temporal distribution of the shrimp larvae in the Marapanim estuary, important region for larval recruitment of shrimp species.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) A ictiofauna no monitoramento da qualidade ambiental em um distrito industrial do estuário amazônico(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) VIANA, Andréa Pontes; ROCHA, Rossineide Martins da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4371300451793081; FRÉDOU, Flávia Lucena; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4779271407117528The district of Vila do Conde, in the municipality of Barcarena, is a prominent industrial hub, constituting a risk factor for water quality. Given this, the present study focused on the environmental quality of the aquatic habitats adjacent to this site, using the fish community as a bioindicator and liver two species of fish as a biomarker histopathological. The collection of abiotic data (water samples) and fish specimens was organized in three distinct zones, representing different levels of impact. Zone 1 was located in the vicinity of the Vila do Conde cargo terminal, where the risk of contamination was highest. Zone 2 was in the Capim Island, located on the border between the municipalities of Bacarena and Abaetetuba, classified as a median risk area due to its relative proximity to the port. Zone 3 was in Onças Island, which was classified as minimum risk, due to its distance from the industrial district of Vila do Conde. Two different types of environment – the main river channel and marginal tidal creek were sampled in all three zones. Samples were collected every two months, covering the region’s principal climatic periods - rainy-dry transition (June 2009), dry season (September 2009), dry-rainy transition (January 2010), rainy season (April 2010), in one year collection. Data was collected using monofilament gillnets and block net. Aiming to evaluate the water quality considering different tools, this study was divided into three parts. In the the first part, the icthyofauna was used as an bioindicator of water quality (Chapter 1). In the second part, two species abundant with different feeding habits, Plagioscion squamosissimus and Lithodoras dorsalis, to assess the health of the environment through the use of liver as a biomarker histopathological (Chapter 2). Finally, all families of descriptors (chapters 1 and 2), were combined into biological integrity indexes in chapter 3. The analysis of the icthyofauna as an bioindicator showed differences in the composition between zones and environments (main channel and tidal creek), for the different groups of descriptors. Considering the 77 species captured, only 23 species were recorded in comparison with the less impacted areas. Also, large fish were least common in zone 1. In the present study, the smaller proportion of larger-sized fish recorded in the impacted areas may reflect an ecological response to anthropogenic disturbance. Biomarker analysis, carried out through the liver histopatologic study, was efficient to detect the influence of antropogenic factors in the heatlh of P. squamosissimus e L. dorsalis. The MAV (Mean Assessment Values), HAI (Histological Alteration Index) e o MDS (multidimensional scaling) analysis all indicated clear differences between the areas surveyed. The alterations were more severe (in some cases, irreversible) in zone 1, which was closest to the port and the industrial district. The principal alterations observed in the tissue of both species included an increase in the number of melanomacrophagous centers, fatty degeneration, inflammation, congestion, hepatitis, and focal necrosis. The hepatic alterations observed in the present study were generally more intense in the carnivorous P. squamosissimus, which feeds mainly on shrimp in the region of the study area. Though integrity indexes, all community information were combined into metrics. In the present study, considering the ABC curve, in the main channel and creek, the zones 1 and 2 were classified as moderately disturbed, which predicts an increase in the relative abundance of opportunistic species. The BHI (Estuarine biological health index), EFCI (Estuarine fish community índex), TFCI (Transitional fish classification índex) e EBI (Estuarine biotic integrity index) were considered to be excellent indicators of the ecological integrity of the different sectors of the study area, and were especially effective for the demonstration of the critical alterations of the fish community of zone 1. It was also possible to identify alterations to the environment of zone 2. The procedures adopted in the present study were nevertheless adequate for the detection of the alterations to the environment which have occurred in the vicinity of the town’s industrial district and cargo terminal and are able to be replicted in others estuarine areas. However, more reliable information on the bio-accumulation of heavy metals in these species will be necessary. This is especially important due to the prominence of both species in the diet of the local communities.