Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia - PPGEO/IFCH

URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/2345

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (PPGEO) do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Sendo referência na Pós-Graduação em Geografia na Amazônia, o Programa tem por meta configurar-se no Centro de Excelência em Geografia da Amazônia, com ênfase na análise dos agentes, processos, e conflitos nas diferentes escalas. Este é o objetivo científico e institucional estratégico do curso de mestrado, por meio do qual se amplia inserção social e regional na Panamazônia permitindo-nos estreitar intercâmbios na pesquisa e formação de pesquisadores em temas amazônicos com outros centros afins para este estudo na região.

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise geoambiental da bacia hidrográfica do rio Apeú, nordeste paraense: subsídios ao planejamento ambiental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-16) VALE, Jones Remo Barbosa; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
The hydrographic basin of the Apeú river is located in the northeastern region of Pará, more precisely in the metropolitan mesoregion of Belém, it covers the municipalities of Castanhal, Santa Izabel do Pará and Inhangapí. The Apeú river basin presents itself as an important area for observation of the processes of landscape transformation, because this unit, during the last thirty years, underwent significant transformations, imposed by the dynamics of land use. This basin presents rural and urban characteristics, in this area there are socials and environmental problems, resulting from the absence or deficiency of public services. The main factors that contribute to the degradation of the basin are: the waterproofing of the soil, resulting from the urban expansion; lack of erosion control; removal of land cover for land use purposes; contamination and silting of the water courses. Given this context, this dissertation has the objective to provide subsidies to the environmental planning of this hydrographic basin. The methodology adopted in this research was developed by Rodriguez (1994) and Rodriguez et al. (1995), adapted to environmental planning by Leal (1995), this methodology contains the following steps: Inventory, Diagnosis and Proposals. The research was based on data and information about the physical environment, the dynamics of land use and vegetation cover, environmental legislation, social and economic information. The obtained results demonstrate that the landscape of the Apeú river basin has undergone a progressive process of transformation, due to the anthropic interference, resulting in different social and environmental problems, unaccompanied by effective policies of environmental planning and territorial ordening. The proposals presented aim to subsidize the environmental planning of the basin that should be a joint and organic initiative of the three municipalities that cover it.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise integrada da paisagem e processos de erosão costeira na ilha de Atalaia, Salinópolis, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-27) SOUZA, Ewerton Müller da Silva; ANDRADE, Milena Marília Nogueira de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1930321094483005; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5799-7321
The study aims to analyze the landscape and erosion susceptibility processes on Atalaia Island, Salinópolis, Pará, as a basis for coastal management policies. The objective unfolds in examining the coastline position between 2002 and 2022, identifying coastal dynamics through geoindicators, analyzing landscape units, and the degree of susceptibility to erosion on the island. To achieve the objectives, the study area was divided into three sectors: Espadarte, Atalaia, and Sofia. The materials and methods used include satellite images for a twenty-year multi-temporal analysis, with polygon change analysis techniques, areal and linear rates. For this assessment of coastal changes, the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) plugin was used in the Geographic Information System environment of ArcMap 10.5. The use of geoindicators was granted through field sheets with the identification of natural or anthropogenic elements that pointed to the movement of the coastline. For the landscape analysis, the theoretical basis of landscape geoecology and the use of geoprocessing to generate a map of landscape units were used. The study revealed areas of high susceptibility with 47,798m², mainly in sector A, in this sector, geoindicators such as the front strip of vegetation modified by erosion (44) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (64) stand out. The areas of moderate susceptibility were present, prominently in Sector B, with an area of 66,950m², in this sector, the geoindicators of water/sewage piping or energy poles, located on the beach arch in a situation of destruction by physical agents (54) and the presence of retaining walls and other constructions in contact with the beach arch or on the surface of estirance (62) stand out. The areas of low susceptibility to erosion were present, most evidently, in Sector C, with an area of 341,274.1m², in this sector, the geoindicator related to the width of the post-beach/sandy berm surface (70) stands out. The results of the landscape analysis allowed the understanding of the structure and functioning of the fluvio-marine plain, urban areas, open areas, moving dunes, and beach and post-beach. The investigation offers a dynamic perspective on the erosion processes of Atalaia Island from the employed methodology, thereby, the results indicate the need for more effective coastal management strategies, underlining the importance of an integrated approach that considers both physical and socioeconomic aspects to mitigate adverse impacts on local communities and the ecosystem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análises das paisagens da ilha de Cotijuba: através do mapeamento das unidades geoambientais, Belém/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-21) SILVA, Elias Klelington Leocádio Rodrigues da; ALMEIDA, Arlete Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1511094180664778
The present research looks at the Cotijuba Island, Belém / PA, located in the island region of the municipality of Belém. The study turns to the geoenvironmental theme from the integrated analysis of the landscape. The choice of this study area is justified, because in the last decades Cotijuba has undergone a rampant urbanization process, with irrational use of its resources, generating deforestation for the extraction of wood and removal of sand for civil construction. Thus, we sought to map the geoenvironmental units of Cotijuba Island, based on a survey of the elements that make up the landscape. The methodology followed the following steps: Bibliographic survey that enabled the survey of concepts that were guiding factors for the development of the research, Field study that allowed the survey of data and analyzes that are only possible with the measurement in loco, and Laboratory study that was essential to the development of the research, using techniques of remote sensing and geoprocessing that linked to the GIS allowed the making of all cartographic products presented in the research. For the mapping of land use and land cover classes, the Envi 5.1 software was used for supervised classification, extracting a Kappa index of 0.96. For the study of landscape metrics of forest fragments, the software arcgis 10.1 was used from the extension Partch Analyzes. In both procedures, the Sentinel-2 satellite image from the year 2018 was used. For the production of the MDEs, the Alos Palsar radar image was used, which allowed the analysis of the island's altimetry and slope. The mapping of the variables: geology, geomorphology and pedology, were carried out using information collected in the field and analysis of the results obtained from the products made in the Sentinel-2 and Alos Palsar image, based on Florenzano's remote sensing techniques methodology ( 2007). In view of this, the mapping of the Five Geoenvironmental Units of Cotijuba Island was made, highlighting their general characteristics. The results showed that Cotijuba needs a Management and Management plan on a municipal scale aimed at conserving natural resources and promoting the generation of jobs and income for the local community. In this sense, it is expected that the products raised here will serve as subsidies for them. Thus, ecotourism and the implementation of ecological corridors are suggested as measures to mitigate the problems presented here.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidades pequenas na Amazônia: um estudo das particularidades urbanas da cidade de Brasil Novo, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-03-10) CRUZ, Hugo Alessandro Meireles; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
The Legal Amazon, which encompasses a vast area of tropical forest, has been deeply affected by economic and political dynamics since the mid-twentieth century. In this context, this study aims to understand the urban dynamics of the city of Brasil Novo, considering its unique characteristics as a small city in the Amazon. The socio-spatial formation of the city is understood to have resulted from policies aimed at developing and integrating the Brazilian Amazon into the national economy. The method used to analyze the processes shaping Brasil Novo is historical and dialectical materialism, which supports interpretations based on the periodization of the city’s spatial phenomena to explain its reality. The following methodological procedures were employed: a) documentary and bibliographic research; b) secondary data collection; c) administration of surveys in the city’s commercial sector; and d) administration of surveys in residential neighborhoods. The research revealed that Brasil Novo, which emerged with the construction of the BR-230 highway, exhibits socio-spatial dynamics marked by strong integration between rural and urban areas, driven by agricultural production and the actions of various social and economic agents. The highway plays a central role in connecting the city to external markets and integrating it into the regional urban network. Additionally, it was observed that the neighborhoods of Centro, Cidade Alta, and Jardim Valadares display distinct socioeconomic dynamics, reflecting the productive and social transformations that have occurred over time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O circuito inferior da economia urbana em uma cidade ribeirinha da Amazônia: uma análise a partir de Porto de Moz- PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-04-15) CASTRO, Jéssica Ferreira de; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0001-8249-5024; AMARAL, Márcio Douglas Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6997234298024427
This research aims to understand the urban economy of a riverside city in the Amazon, in light of the theory of spatial circuits of the urban economy - the upper and lower circuit, proposed by Milton Santos in 1970. The locus of this research is the city of Porto de Moz/PA, located in the Lower Xingu (mesoregion of the Lower Amazon), at the confluence of the Xingu River and the Amazon River. The focus of the research analysis is to understand, through the theory of circuits, the urban economy of a riverside city, considering that the small riverside cities of the Amazon present peculiarities regarding their formation, the relationship with the river, and traditional ways of life. Thus, the dynamics and elements of these cities differ from other regions, as many emerged during colonization in the Amazon and through developmental projects in the region. In this sense, the riverside cities of the Amazon present a lower and traditional economy, it is hypothesized that the city of Porto de Moz is based on a lower economy that contributes directly and indirectly to the local economy. Through the realization of field research through (photographic/aerial records, application of forms with commercial agents, in addition to cartographic mapping), it was found that the city of Porto de Moz presents more elements and characteristics of the lower circuit and the marginal upper circuit, since the city aggregates different economic agents, such as fishermen, street vendors, hawkers, etc., these local agents contribute significantly to the local and regional economy of the city, as it establishes economic relations with the other municipalities in the region around it, and also, has economic relations with the RESEX, which is part of the territory.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desterritorialização e reterritorialização das famílias da comunidade Deus é Amor com a construção da usina hidrelétrica de Belo Monte em Vitória do Xingu
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-20) AMORIM, Edilane Bezerra; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
This dissertation discusses the transformations that took place in the Deus é Amor community, municipality of Vitória do Xingu, with the construction of the Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant, which, upon arriving in the territory, disrupted the socio-spatial organization of the families, in addition to causing a rupture with the place. and change the ways of life historically established by the subjects, contributing to the geographical movement Territorialization-Deterritorialization-Reterritorialization (TDR) in the Amazon. The community under study is part of what was demarcated by the hydroelectric project through the studies of the EIA-Rima (2009) as a rural Directly Affected Area, located in the sector referring to the Canals Reservoir. This area began to be occupied by families in the early 1980s, until 2011 had 59 families, and after the arrival of the Belo Monte HPP there were only 5 remaining families. The development of the research allowed the analysis of three central points about the object, the first with the understanding of the actions that made possible the territoriality of subjects in the Amazon (1970-2012), the second with the departure of the subjects from their historically constructed places, the deterritorialization (2011-2016) and finally the current process in which they are inserted, with the experience of progressive reterritorialization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica do uso do solo e a vegetação em unidades de proteção integral: o Parque Estadual Utinga, no estado do Pará-Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-11) ROJAS, Juan Pablo Heredia; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
According to the Brazilian legislation provided in the National System of Conservation Units (Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação - "SNUC") (Law No. 9.985/2000) Conservation Units are protected territorial areas by public power. They can divide in Full Protection Conservation Unit and Sustainable Use. In the Brazilian State of Para, the regulation of the creation and the appropriateness of the Conservation Units to "SNUC", occurred from the creation State System of Conservation Units (Sistema Estadual de Unidades de Conservação - "SEUC") (Law No. 5.887/1995). In relation to the Full Protection Conservation Units, in the category of State Parks, four parks have already been created for the State of Para: Utinga State Park, Serra of Martírios/Andorinha State Park, Monte Alegre State Park and Charapucu State Park. However, in this article we will present the results of the studies developed in the Utinga State Park (Parque Estadual do Utinga – "PEUT") that was created in 1993, it currently has 1393.87 hectares. It is standing at the Metropolitan Region of Belen, Para being the main supplier of water in the city where the issue of this research has focused on the anthropic actions that happen in the surrounding and particularly inside the park. It can modify the Use of the Land and Vegetation throughout from the creation of the park to 2015, focusing on: assessing the transformation of the Use of the Land and Vegetation in the Utinga State Park between the periods of 1993-2004-2015, with the purpose of subsidizing with information that contributed for Planning and Management in the Conservation of the Ecosystems and Forests in Preservation in Full Protection Conservation Units of Brazil. The images Landsat 5 e 8 were used classifying them in the categories: water, building, vegetation, aquatic, forest, disturbed vegetation and agricultural. Next, the "Protocol for the Evaluation of Use of the Land and Vegetation in Natural Federal Protected Areas of Mexico" was applied using the last three categories mentioned to make an overlapping between the years researched thus to identify the transformations of deforestation, disruption, recovery and revegetation. Therefore, it was determined that respectively for the 1993-2004-2015 in the Utinga State Park, the forest type covered 55.61 %, 59.61 % and 65.06 %, the disturbed vegetation bridged 13.85 %, 7.82 %, 7.37 %, and the agricultural kind comprised 2.65 %, 1.83 % and 0.43 %. Whereas for the periods 1993-2004 and 2004-2015 it was estimated that respectively, the areas with re-vegetation encompassed 0.7 % and 1.44 %, with recovery 5.65 % and 2.10 %, with disruption 0,58 % and 0.96 % and the deforestation maintained with 0.04 % for both years. As well as, rates of transformation for the Forest sort of 9.74 % for the period 1993-2004 and 9.92% for the period 2004- 2015, showing a constant increase of the Vegetational Forest.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica territorial da fronteira Amapá - Guiana Francesa sob a influência da integração: 1995 a 2007
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-09-19) FONSECA, Jean Claúdio Santos; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
The interest in studying the international border between Brazil and French Guiana flows of the implications of the process of transformations partner space current of the frontier dynamics in the area. The Federal Government's interest and State of Amapá, as much the previous ones as the current ones, in stimulating larger articulation with the neighbors guianenses it turns strategic the study of the elements that you/they compose the dynamics territorial transfronteiriça, particularly in the municipal district of Oiapoque, where frontier tensions with French Guiana, the asfaltamento of BR-156 that ties Macapá to Oiapoque and the project of construction of the bridge on Rio Oiapoque, they demand a more detailed knowledge than it can subsidize specific public politics, as well as a critical reading concerning the geographical reality of that municipal district. In that perspective an approach of the principal acts political, socioeconomic is accomplished and you adapt developed in the ambit of the cooperation transfronteiriça between Brasil/Amapá and França/Guiana Francesa, in the period from 1995 to 2007.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dispersão metropolitana e seus efeitos sobre a mobilidade urbana nos principais corredores viários da região metropolitana de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-29) SOARES, Lucélia dos Reis Santos; LIMA, José Júlio Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5176390429456548
The current Amazonian context characterized by dispersed metropolitan dynamics led to the conformation of new urban spatial arrangements that began to interfere in the conditions of urban mobility and city planning. In this process, the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMBN) since the mid-1980s has shown a significant population growth in the central areas of the municipalities and peripheral areas, forming a dispersed metropolis with new residential settlements especially located along the the main urban roads of access to the more urbanized portion of the Municipality of Belém, the capital of the State of Pará. The municipality of Belém began to present a dispersed and fragmented character by creating new vectors of expansion beyond its officially boundaries of the metropolitan area. The objective of this study is to analyze the effects of metropolitan dispersion on urban mobility and to identify the main actions of public policies for urban transport corridors in view of the high intercity movements that occurred mainly along Avenu Almirante Barroso and Highway BR- 316, which form the main access roads to Belém. In order to reach these objectives, from the methodology of research in official documents and interviews with managers, three central contribution of analysis were established: The production of new housing spaces, the planning of Belém (PDU / PDTU) and public policies for the Public Passenger Transport System (PPST) for the RMB. It is concluded that the metropolitan dispersion implied in the existence of a population that moves pendularly toward the place of work and the spaces of consumption of diverse goods and services. In this sense, there is a daily mobility of the population among the municipalities of the RMB consolidated by the strong relationship between the periphery and the central area of the metropolis. It is inferred that such a relationship began to present a new metropolitan configuration, in the face of which urban planning actions and public management for urban mobility have privileged the trunk road corridor connecting the municipalities of the RMB, located in the urban area but also fundamental for the fragmented, dispersed and discontinuous environment. Finally, it is suggested that urban mobility should be treated in an integrated way to the urban management, seeking the best performance of the mobility conditions between the cities polarized by the metropolis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensino e práticas pedagógicas em Geografia para pessoas com deficiência visual na EAUFPA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-15) AVIZ, Anderson da Silva; MAGALHÃES, Benedita Alcidema Coelho dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7484794171047694; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7536-5184
This research, through the case study method, sought to analyze how the inclusive pedagogical practices adopted by Geography teachers at the UFPA School of Application materialize, focusing on the education of students with visual impairment (DV). Adopting historical-dialectical materialism as a methodological framework, the study analyzes the contradictions present in the process of school inclusion. Of a qualitative nature, the research used as sources the bibliographic review, documentary analysis and interviews with professors and coordinators of the institution. The results indicate advances in the school, through student services and the construction of dialogues between teachers and coordinators, driven by the Coordination of Inclusive Education and the Curriculum Accessibility Laboratory (LACEB). However, challenges persist, such as architectural barriers, difficulties in teacher training and the lack of alignment between educational policies and school pedagogical practices. The dialectical analysis reveals that inclusion is crossed by structural and social tensions, evidencing the need for greater articulation between theory and practice, both in the teaching of Geography and in the reality of the school in general. Thus, the research contributes to the debate on the effectiveness of inclusion policies and highlights the importance of teacher training to ensure accessible geographic education and the right to education for all students.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entre marés e mangues: paisagens territorializadas por pescadores da Resex marinha de São João da Ponta/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-04-19) FERREIRA, Suzanna da Silva; PIMENTEL, Márcia Aparecida da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3994635795557609
From 1990, the first Conservation Units, which contemplated and favored the presence of traditional populations, were verified in Brazil, a process resulting from the mobilization and struggle of the rubber tappers of the Amazon. Extractive Reserves, specified as a category of sustainable use, initiate the insertion and valorization of traditional knowledge in a regulated and recognized way in the preservation system in Brazil, in spite of that, the economic activities as a source of subsistence Of native flora or artisanal fishery) in the traditional way, and subject to specific regulations (Diegues, 2008). The concept of RESEX was extended until the implantation of territories conserved in coastal zone, covering fishing communities in all extension of the Brazilian coast. With the fishing potential found in the state of Pará (which together with the Maranhão and Amapaan coast, the largest continuous mangrove coast in the world), the creation of RESEX Marinhas in this coastal landscape has increased successively. Between tides, forests, mangroves, rivers, roads, dwellings, squares, ports and other landscapes, artisanal fishermen of RESEX Marinha São João da Ponta, characterize, organize, conceive, structure their territory of daily activities, materializing territorialities and Shaping landscapes. This territory, defined by processes of temporal relations, can not be understood as dissociated from the landscape, since, considering that the landscape "clarifies and humanizes the territory", as is well illustrated by Passos (2013, p.29), it is understood that already It is not enough to analyze the territory, and the respective territorialities that constituted it, without understanding the subjectivity and distinct physical and symbolic elements imbricated to it. It is intended to analyze, in this way, how the landscape territorialized by fishermen is identified by them, and if this identification of their territoriality addresses or can guide paths that conceive the landscape as a "web of relations" that social subjects construct with their territory. In order to interpret the identification of the territorialities of the fishermen it is fundamental to consider the traditional knowledge and their conceptions about the landscape. Therefore, mapping the production sites, which are fishing spots called fishing grounds (where fish species are concentrated in the tide), through participatory mapping, was one of the methodological paths used to interpret the landscape territorialized by artisanal fishermen. This research was carried out in a qualitative approach, developed in the methodology of action research indicated by Thiollent (1996) and aligned with the methodological procedures of field work with semi-directed interviews, participatory mapping with remote sensing image, elaboration of cartographic products with treatment Of information in GIS and geo-photography. The development of this research is significant so that these territories, identified by the fishermen themselves through the marks of the landscape and the paths to which these subjects belong and belong, remain contemplated in the management process, from the elaboration of materials and instruments that continuously Monitoring and protection, for the management and selection of areas of conflict or possible overfishing and consequent impoverishment and / or depletion of exploited resources.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Financeirização habitacional e fragmentação socioespacial: uma análise a partir da cidade de Ananindeua/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-28) DIAS, Izabel Nahum; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The financialization process driven by globalization causes spatial and social changes on different scales. In the city of Ananindeua, located in the metropolitan region of Belém do Pará, the consumption of financialized housing is driven by the metropolitan dynamics in which the city is inserted, contributing to the fragmented production of space. Thus, this research aims to analyze how the financialization of housing contributes to socio-spatial fragmentation through the production of housing spaces in the city of Ananindeua/PA since the year 2000. The methodological procedures adopted consist mainly of bibliographic and documentary analysis through books, articles and documents related to the topic of the debate, data collection from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Brazilian Association of Real Estate Credit and Savings Entities (Abecip), the Construction Industry Union of the State of Pará (Sinduscon/PA), in addition to fieldwork and semi-structured interviews. The idea/thesis is defended that the insertion of new real estate businesses inherent to the financialization of housing space, the advancement of new economic agents of local, regional, national and international capital, as well as the structuring actions of public power (Large urban projects), associated with the processes of urbanization and metropolization of space, have contributed to the urban recomposition with the formation of urban (poly)centralities, constituting and contributing to the socio-spatial fragmentation, expressed from the spaces of habitation and consumption of urban space in Ananindeua at the beginning of the 21st century. The results indicate that there are axes of expansion of enterprises in the city that are consolidated based on different spatial practices, as well as on urban polycentralities, on the availability of locational convenience factors, and on land reserves that await valorization processes. Furthermore, changes occur in the spatial patterns that made up the center/periphery model, with a tendency towards a predominance of the logic of fragmentation of space where different social classes coexist, but remain distanced by elements intrinsic to real estate dynamics, making it necessary to understand the advancement of the processes of financialization and fragmentation in the face of the socio-spatial differentiations and inequalities inherent to Amazonian cities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“A gente não usa mais água como usava antes da barragem”: impactos da UHE Tucuruí na vida das mulheres atingidas por barragens
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) LISBOA, Marília Geovana de Oliveira; ARAÚJO, Alan Nunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5369542452826838
The dissertation explores the construction process of territories impacted by hydroelectric plants, especially in the Amazon region, where the exploration of bodies and crossings caused by the conception of development of large projects affect environmental and social dynamics. In the Amazon, this process is even more complex due to the extension and diversity of landscapes and directly dependent populations. The energy model, discussed in Geography and its real impact, raises problems such as compulsory displacement, unfair compensation and water issues caused by changes in river flows and flows. In addition to territorial and spatial issues, social transitions are evident, although often made invisible by the patriarchal structure present in the spaces of debate. Thus, the research aims to understand the effects of the impacts caused by the Tucuruí HPP on women in the Lower Tocantins, especially in the riverside community of Paruru do Meio, and to analyze the reproduction of power of the Capital, challenges and forms of resistance of women in the defense of bodies territories. The research examines the physiographic and social issues of the islands of Baixo Tocantins, as well as the participation of women in this reality. It identifies the perception of women affected, the influences on domestic work hours and how these demands are raised in the political participation of women in the defense of the Territory. The methodological approach adopted includes bibliographic analysis, fieldwork, participation in community leadership meetings, application of socioeconomic questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and the preparation of maps and graphs. It is concluded that there is a structural gender differentiation in the construction of the territory studied, influencing environmental impacts and body dimensions. We highlight the importance of female protagonism in the defense of territories as a movement of direct confrontation against big capital, in favor of the dignity of the affected communities and families.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A geografia dos serviços de abastecimento públicos e privados de água relacionados às metas de universalização dos objetivos do desenvolvimento sustentável da Amazônia brasileira (2008-2023)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-28) GUEDES, Michel Pacheco; BORDALO, Carlos Alexandre Leão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1253955182585852
The present thesis aims to analyze the water supply services based on geographic science and geographic space theory, as well as using the hypothetico-deductive method as a method of approach, with bibliographic and documental research as quantitative and qualitative method assigned to the secondary database, established in the research parameters, during the period between 2008 and 2023, plus the acting process of public and private companies which provide those services in the States of Pará and Amazonas, to give a comparison analysis between those service modalities from the parameters of the Basic Sanitation National System (SNIS) and the Basic Sanitation National Plan (PLANSAB), to identify if the management while serving the urban and rural population is efficient, and if the contractual goals are capable of reaching the sustainable development goals (ODS) for 2030. As for the theoretical basis, we utilized the reflection upon UN’s international documents, via “United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR),” together with a reading about environmental justice concepts, hydric crisis, and hydric justice. It was also considered: a debate about the actions of Globalization and Neoliberalism, and, how these phenomena, together with the local rules and laws influence in the setting of water regulation agencies as part of a privatization process of public water supply companies in the cities of Belém (PA), Manaus (AM), Barcarena (PA) and Parauapebas (PA), and how that process works in the geographic space of a fraction of the Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geograficidade e espacialidades urbanas na Amazônia: o caso das juventudes reassentadas em Altamira-PA com a construção da UHE Belo Monte
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-27) CONCEIÇÃO, Ronicleici Santos da; OLIVEIRA, Assis da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1543002680290808; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-3207-7400; HERRERA, José Antonio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024
This thesis analyzes the urban spatialities of resettled young people, affected by the compulsory displacement caused by the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant, in the Xingu Integration Region, Pará, Amazonia since 2011. This study reveals the complexity of the changes and challenges faced by young people and offers insights if other similar projects are planned for and in the region. Compulsory displacement has resulted in the severing of material and immaterial ties with their former territories, leading to the reconfiguration of spatial dynamics. In addition, these groups have been demonstrating resilience, constructing multiple identities and subjectivities and circumventing socio-spatial inequalities. Although the resettlements offer better physical facilities than the palafitas, socio-spatial segregation persists, and young people continue to face a nuance of these inequalities in their daily lives. This highlights the importance of considering not only the physical infrastructure of the housing context, but also the economic, social, political and cultural dimensions - when designing projects of this nature. A critical aspect is the need to consider the multiple temporalities involved in these processes, recognizing that each resettled person has a unique trajectory and experiences for and with the geographic space. This points to the importance of a holistic and interdisciplinary approach to analyzing the impacts of major projects in the region, with a focus on the well-being of local communities, especially young people who face real and significant challenges in (re)constructing their urban spatialities. The study reveals various aspects of youth in the Jatobá and Laranjeiras Collective Urban Resettlements (RUC), highlighting that creating new spatialities requires time, through the space that conditions youth relations, as well as socio-spatial relations that shape space, such as the rupture of the border between the RUC and the city's public spaces, from which new and old relationships are being (re)constructed, such as interactions with the job market, use of public spaces, recreational practices with the Xingu River, inclusion in social movements, insertion in criminalization, as well as the perpetuation of human rights violations.
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Gestão do território e responsabilidade social das empresas de mineração no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-08-17) MEDEIROS, Gláucia Rodrigues Nascimento; SILVA, João Márcio Palheta da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5356047514671129
In this article, we will try to introduce a research related to Social Responsibility Actions undertaken for the mining company Vale in the municipalities of Parauapebas and Canaã dos Carajás, because both as cities has the largest Mining Projects in Brazil, and Canaã soon will welcome the Major Mining Company the planet Called Ferro Carajás S11D project. The experienced changes in territories occur instantly, as the Municipal Government and Vale are organized to prepare a city to begin the Carajás S11D project, looking this time to invest in targeted infrastructures construction and refurbishment of public facilities, bringing many impacts positive results due to the acceleration of investments and activities in the region negative impact to create chaos, because the increase in volume migration, because the projects in the region are still working more for longer than 30 years of form interruptible that strengthens the migration people all states. The research territory Pará examines in measure the land management benefits of exploration of mining production activities resulting energy Projects large and aims to analyze how actions Vale company direct on improving the local population quality of life, analyzing also commitment and responsibility company related to in activity and decision making paragraph minimize negative impacts on society and the environment. The search also analyzes the relationship between the Government and the Company, as well as analyze a territoriality exercised paragraph controlling a through area of data released by the company Vale and Municipal Government related to investment in Social Responsibility Projects, a measure the quality in application resources for sustainable development.
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Ilhas da zona costeira amazônica: relevância, desenvolvimento e isolamento geográfico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-05-08) QUARESMA, Arley Martins; SZLAFSZTEIN, Cláudio Fabian; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1348005678649555; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2855-2056
Studies related to islands in the Amazon, whether of greater or lesser importance, are minimal, although more than 50% of the municipalities in the Amazon coastal zone-ZCA have a territorial area composed of islands. However, the islands face numerous barriers such as isolation, territorial development and management aspects. In this sense, the general objective of this work is to analyze the importance of islands in the Amazon coastal zone, and the relationship of development and geographic isolation on islands in the municipality of BelémPA. The methodological procedures involved two stages, the first encompassing (i) Analysis of the population of the ZCA municipalities (ii); Identification of the GDP of the municipalities in the coastal zone; (iii) classification of municipalities in the coastal zone that have islands in their territorial composition; (vi) Quantification of the total areas of islands in the ZCA and (v) Percentage of protected areas in island areas. The second stage consisted of a multicriterio analysis that determined the degree of isolation of the most relevant islands in the municipality of Belém-PA. The determination of the degree of isolation took into account two indicators: Accessibility and Connectivity and their respective variables. The data showed that in the ZCA, especially the islands, it has an expressive relevance in terms of economy, territorial area, and areas of environmental conservation. It was also found that the most isolated islands have been fed different conditions of autonomy and development. Islands with a lower degree of isolation have physical connections and intense connectivity, a way in which they reduce isolation. In such connections, the islands most prone to development are not those closest to the mainland, but those with the greatest service offerings.
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O meio natural na Amazônia paraense: paisagem, configuração espacial e dinâmica social
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-26) CARVALHO, Ana Cláudia Alves de; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
This research is part of the project developed by the research group Territorial Dynamics of Rural Space in the Amazon - GDEA, in which Nahum (2018) proposes the use of geographic concepts that make it possible to analyze the Amazon region of Pará geographically and specifically its formation process. According to Nahum (2019), the Amazon went through a succession and coexistence of geographical environments, the natural environment being characterized by rural workers relations linked to extractivism; followed by a technical environment marked by an agrarian period linked to agricultural activities; and a technical scientific-informational environment, which is rural, with agro-industrial activities, making up the current panorama. The idea is defended that the natural environment to which the Amazon passed comprises the period from 1616 to 1966. The year 1616 marks the foundation of the city of Belém, and thus the beginning of the formation of the future General Company of Pará and Maranhão, defined as the starting point, and 1966 dates the beginning of “Operation Amazônia”, a set of investments aimed at the development of the region, as the point of arrival. Taking this into account, we support the thesis of the existence of a natural environment in the Amazon region of Pará, seeking to build a periodization of said area, to show the spatial movement that structured its formation. For this research, the landscape, spatial configuration, and social dynamics in these three and a half centuries will be characterized, and thus singularize the natural environment in the Amazon region of Pará. Thinking about such a concept requires us to understand that the existence of the geographic environments characterized by Santos and Silveira (2001) are spatial readings that have the technique as reference. This research aims to go beyond historical, economic, and sociological contributions, to raise evidence from a periodization as to how the landscape, spatial configuration and social dynamics of each period enabled the Amazon to reach its current stage. Considering the analytical methodology of the research, it is understood that space is the fundamental category to understand the idea of period, event, and periodization in Santos (2008). As an operational methodology, a bibliographical review was carried out on the Amazon region of Pará from 1616 to 1966, in order to build the necessary database to understand the landscape, spatial configuration and social dynamics of the study area. Incorporating Geography into the methodological process becomes a challenge that is sought to be overcome, however, here is an attempt.
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As metamorfoses do trabalho e no espaço a partir da dendeicultura em Tomé-Açu (Pa): estudo de caso na Vila Forquilha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-10) CARVALHO, Ana Cláudia Alves de; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
This study aimed to analyze the metamorphoses in Tomé-Açu space, using the Forquilha village as a case study, from the introduction of oil palm culture in the region. We seek to emphasize the metamorphoses in place focusing on the reinterpretation of the work as a link between man and nature, to observe the changes in its general context in Forquilha Village, we understand that there is a change at work, there are changes in the relationship between man and nature. To better understand the spatial configuration and the social dynamics of the village it is necessary to understand the nature of the work before the arrival of companies; thus, it is characterized at first the geographical situation that was established prior to installation of Biopalma and Galp, focusing on the relations of peasant production, where instead predominated work as a means to obtain money for the purchase of other commodities necessary for its existence. The following are the public policies and programs that made possible the installation of companies and ultimately characterize the new geographical situation, highlighting how labor relations metamorphose in Forquilha village, from the arrival of palm culture in Tomé-Açu, and how it echoes in the other dimensions of everyday life of the villagers. The results reveal new ways of working, the presence of wage labor, the expansion of the trade sector and services founding new employment opportunities and a decrease in peasant productive labor which makes a peasant in a rural wage. The existing system of partnership between the company and the family farmer observed in the commercial capital circuit; and financial capital by establishing the presence of the lease, land sale the palm culture companies, ensure the village Forquilha a new social dynamic.
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Modelagem ambiental na floresta nacional do Jamanxim-PA: proposta de cenário futuro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-02-21) GAMA, Luana Helena Oliveira Monteiro; ALMEIDA, Arlete Silva de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1511094180664778
Protected areas were created essentially for the conservation of fauna and flora. Analyzing its socio-environmental dynamics becomes a challenge, and at the same time contributes to the understanding of the landscape. The present study aims to model future scenarios from remote sensing and geoprocessing techniques in the National Forest (FLONA) of Jamanxim-PA, based on the land use classification of the years 2013 and 2020. Analyze the independent variables through of Artificial Intelligence. Apply the DINAMICA EGO model using the transition method to simulate deforestation trajectories up to 2030, based on the dependent variables (land cover and use 2013 and 2020) and independent variables (altimetry, slope, distance to roads, distance to settlements and distance to hydrography. The high rates of deforestation within the limits of conservation units, lead to large environmental losses over time. According to INPE, the state of Pará presented the highest forest loss of the Brazilian Amazon states in 2019, a total of 3,862 km2 , with an increase rate of 41% when compared to 2018. Through the mathematical model it is possible to analyze “Where” will be deforested; “When” will it be deforested and what deforestation rates will be; and “How”, what will be the spatial representation of the new areas of modification, that is, how the deforestation process will be based on the dynamic cover and use of the land and the elements that make up the landscape, such as the variations independent activities, it is possible to carry out future projections of deforestation in the FLONA do Jamanxim. Theories of authors representing different currents of Geography are approached to conceptualize space, landscape and dynamic modeling. In Physical Geography, one starts from Bertrand's concepts. For Quantitative Geography, Waldo Tobler was used as a basis. The discussion of Critical Geography is based on the works of Milton Santos. And Soares-Filho for spatial dynamic modeling. The methodology was divided into three main phases: 1- Processing of satellite images, using the supervised classification method through the Maximum Likelihood algorithm; 2- Processing of independent variables; 3- Stage considered the main part of the study, which consists of spatial modeling in DINAMICA EGO. As a result of the analysis of land cover and use, it was observed that there was a reduction in the area of 112.51 km² (0.87%) of primary forest, and an increase in the mosaic class of occupations (deforestation) with an area of 393.53 km², equivalent to 3% of deforested area. The main activities observed were: forest exploitation and mining. There is also a deforestation pattern classified as geometric and regular, with economic activities, such as agriculture, and mainly medium to large-scale grain and livestock monocultures, and an intermediate stage of occupation. The independent variables assume Bertrand's GTP model to observe landscape dynamics. It was observed that 0.28% of the primary forest was converted to deforestation. That is, from 2013 to 2020 deforestation is occurring at a net rate of 28% per year. And there is a high probability of transition from primary forest to a mosaic of occupations, and from forest exploitation to a mosaic of occupations to the north and south of the FLONA do Jamanxim, areas that may be associated with the implementation of roads (BR-163), and to the PDS Brasília and Vale do Jamanxim Project settlements, which consequently can impact the resilience of the landscape. Based on modeling and analysis of future scenarios, it appears that there may be a loss of 198.79 km² (1.52%) of primary forest, and a considerable increase in deforestation of 155.20 km² by 2030. The mapping of this study, it can support public policy actions by analyzing the impact of laws and identifying priority areas for government action in FLONA do Jamanxim. Based on the spatial modeling, together with the command, control and monitoring plans, it is possible to guide the socio-environmental, economic and cultural development in this UC, for the maintenance and conservation of natural assets.

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