Dissertações em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários (Mestrado) - PPGBAIP/ICB
URI Permanente para esta coleçãohttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/4738
O Mestrado em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários teve início em 2004 e funciona no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Agentes Infecciosos e Parasitários (PPGBAIP) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA).
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação do nível de concordância do teste imunocromatográfico OptiMAL-IT® e a gota espessa no diagnóstico da malária, no município de Mazagão-AP, Brasil(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) FADUL, Danielle Scerne; COUTO, Álvaro Augusto Ribeiro D'Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3800209721205388The precocious diagnosis and the opportune treatment of the cases of malaria is one of the main strategies for the control of the disease. Several alternatives for the traditional microscopic diagnosis were proposed in the last years, the Immunochromatographic tests that capture white antigens of the parasites of the malaria they are being proposed, as the test OptiMAL-IT® that captures the lactic desidrogenase of the Plasmodium sp.. The study had as objective the evaluation of the level of agreement between the Immunochromatographic test (OptiMAL-IT®) and the thick drop for the diagnosis of the malaria in the City of Mazagão – Amapá, Brazil. 413 individuals were analyzed with malaria sintomatology that had looked for the service of the unit of health service of the city, with age among 01-68 years. The results of the OptiMAL-IT® test were compared with the obtained results, of the same samples, through the thick drop red-faced by the Giemsa. Of the 413 patients suspicious to present malaria, 317(76.8%) were positive through GE and 311 (75.3%) were positive for TDR OptiMAL-IT®. Of the positive blades of GE, had been found 27.4% of P. falciparum and 72.6% of P. vivax . The OptiMAL-IT® test detected 27.7% of P. falciparum and 72.3% of P. vivax. The sensibility obtained with TDR for P. falciparum was of 97.7% and for P. vivax was of 98.2%, the global sensibility of TDR was of 98.1% and the global specificity for both the species was of 100%. They were found preditivos values positive and negative of 100% and 94.1%, respectively. The OptiMAL-IT® test had a high agreement with thick drop, it is specific and efficient. It can be used in the diagnosis of malaria in the situations where microscopy is not available.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Avaliação dos fatores de risco associados à transmissão do HTLV-1 e do HTLV-2, em doadores de sangue, na cidade de Belém do Pará(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-04-10) LOPES, Bruna Pedroso Tamegão; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092In order to define the epidemiological profile of the Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) among inapt blood donors population, at the HEMOPA Foundation, in Belém, state of Pará, we analyzed 113 epidemiological forms, related with risk factors associated with these retrovirus transmission, among carriers and noncarriers of HTLV. We observed that 76% (n=50) of the inapt blood donors were infected by HTLV-1 and 24% (n=16) by HTLV-2; 62% (n=70) of the carriers were male and 38% (n=43) were female, with a tendency of infection in this gender (p=0,007). The risk factors which exhibited significant results were: have received blood transfusion (p=0,0003), more specifically to HTLV-2 (p=0,02); have been breastfeeding from non-mother (p=0,006), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,04); have been submitted to surgery (p=0,01), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,03) and HTLV-2 (p=0,04); share blades/shavers (p=0,02), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,02); do not use condoms during sexual intercourse (p=0,0003), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,001) and HTLV-2 (p=0,002). Despite of the diverse stages existing in the process of selection of blood donors, which the main objective is to eliminate potentials candidates carrying transmissible blood diseases, in special of chronic and asymptomatic course, exist bias that disable an exempt process of fails.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Investigação do polimorfismo do exon - 1 do gene MBL (Mannose-Binding Lectin) em pacientes portadores de tuberculose(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-03-31) ARAÚJO, Mauro Sérgio Moura de; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3099765198910740Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is considered an acute phase protein with important role in the first line of defense of the innate immune system, whose serum levels are genetically determined. The MBL activates the lectin pathway of complement, and mediate the phagocytosis of microorganisms and opsonization. Several studies have associated serum levels of MBL to susceptibility or resistance to infectious agents including the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, causative agent of human tuberculosis. Aiming to evaluate the occurrence of a possible association between MBL gene polymorphisms and tuberculosis, it was evaluated the frequencies of mutations in exon 1 of MBL gene in a group of 167 TB patients, divided into 3 groups: patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, with extrapulmonary tuberculosis, patients with multiresistant tuberculosis to drugs and the control group with 159 health professionals. The identification of alleles MBL*A, *B, *C and *D was performed by polymerase chain reaction, using specific sequences of primers and subsequent enzymatic digestion. The analysis of allelic and genotypic frequencies of exon 1 did not show any significant difference between patients with tuberculosis and control group (p> 0.05). There were no significant associations between groups of pulmonary tuberculosis, extrapulmonary tuberculosis and multidrug drug among themselves and when connected to the control group. Data from our study showed no evidence of any influence of variations in the exon 1 of MBL gene in active tuberculosis, suggesting that the gene polymorphism has no influence on susceptibility to tuberculosis.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Prevalência da infecção pelo Papilomavírus humano (HPV) em mulheres investigadas para o câncer cervical, na cidade de Belém, Para(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-04-29) MONTEIRO, Jacqueline Cortinhas; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8099461017092882The human Papillomavirus infects basal cells of stratified epithelium, inducing the development of benign proliferative lesions in the skin or mucous membranes. The infections have universal distribution. Many studies have demonstrated the strong association of infection by species of high-risk cervical cancer. Therefore, this study sought to determine the prevalence of HPV infection in a group of women screened for cervical cancer. From january 2008 to december 2009 were collected cervical samples from 180 women seen at the Laboratory of Cytopathology of Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), with 162 eligible for the study. Each participant was collected two samples, one for the manufacture of cytological smears for subsequent analysis by the Papanicolaou method and the other for analysis of molecular biology, in order to investigate the presence of HPV, using the primers MY09 and MY11. The species of HPV have been identified by PCR sequencing of nucleotide bases of the L1 ORF of HPV. The analysis of the epidemiological profile of the study group showed that the average age accounted for 37.5 years. The majority (49.38%) were married, 37.65% had initiated sexual activity between 13 and 17 years old and 58.64% did not use condoms during sex. The overall prevalence of HPV was found to be 18.52%. Thirteen different types were identified, with the majority (66.67%) was a low-risk group, in which HPV-11 was more frequent. Among the high risk group (30%) HPV-31 was found in four cases. The species distribution of HPV according to the cytology showed that the prevalence of infection was higher in the group of women whose smear was free of abnormal cytology (43.33%). In the group of women with premalignant changes only observed infections by species of low risk (10%). HPV infection was significantly associated with sexual activity and the frequency in the completion of screening. The prevalence in this study corroborates other findings in the medical literature. The prevalence of infection in women with normal cytology reinforces the idea that the infection is mostly asymptomatic and the Papanicolaou method is less efficient in detecting the infection than the techniques of molecular biology. However, when dealing with disease detection premalignant or malignant, molecular biology is not applicable and therefore should not replace the PCCU.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Situação imunológica dos profissionais de saúde de um laboratório de pesquisa em relação ao vírus da hepatite B(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-27) OLIVEIRA, Candida Maria Abrahão de; NUNES, Márcio Roberto Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0299116892743368Hepatitis B is a serious problem of public health, in particular for health-workers, who have an increased risk of acquiring this disease, through contact with patients or infected materials, following accidents and, frequently, in the lack of preventive measures. The object of this study was to determine the prevalence by serologic markers of infection with hepatitis B virus, among workers of a research institute, by way of a descriptive and epidemiological study. 528 samples of blood were collected, during January - April, 2008, in order to analyse serologic markers of hepatitis B by immunnoenzimatic techniques, which detected a total prevalence of 39,7% for some marker of HBV, with 0,4% by HBsAg+; 8% by anti-HBc+/HBs+; 2,5% isolated anti-HBc+ and 28,8% by isolated anti-HBs+. Among the individuals interviewed 31,6%, they were vaccinated against hepatitis B, having among than 38,9% individuals with no response to the vaccine and 80,8% susceptible, made up of non-vaccinated individuals, those not responding to vaccination. These results indicate showed the necessity to carry out Regulation 32, of the Ministry of Work and Employment, protects the health-worker.