Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - PPGBM/ICB
URI Permanente desta comunidadehttps://repositorio.ufpa.br/handle/2011/8839
O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM) do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB) da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA). Tem como objetivo geral promover a formação de profissionais da área de Ciências Biológicas, informática e áreas afins, preparando-os como docentes, pesquisadores e profissionais técnicos especializados, buscando a melhoria da qualidade do ensino e o progresso do conhecimento, com aplicações diretas ou indiretas ao desenvolvimento nacional e à melhoria de condições de vida, particularmente dos habitantes da região amazônica, assim como a conservação da biodiversidade, ecossistemas e recursos naturais.
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Navegando Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular - PPGBM/ICB por Assunto "Câncer gástrico"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Alterações genômicas quantitativas com potencial clínico no adenocarcinoma gástrico(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-31) ARAÚJO, Taíssa Maíra Thomaz; KHAYAT, André Salim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6305099258051586Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent type of cancer and the third cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite progression in treatment of advanced gastric cancer, the prognosis of patients remains poor, in part due to the low rate of diagnosis during its early stages. This paradigm implies the necessity to search and identify molecular biomarkers for early gastric cancer diagnosis, as well as for disease monitoring, thus contributing to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating copy number variations in gastric adenocarcnoma through array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) technique and selecting genes for validation in a larger sample size by using real-time PCR, in order to find potential molecular biomarkers for this tumor type. The aCGH results demonstrated 22 gene alterations never described before as correlated with gastric carinogenesis, as well as several alterations significantly associated with serosal extravasation and patients aged less than or equal 50 years. Given that most of the genes had never been described in gastric cancer, we selected for validation four gene alterations that showed some consistency with studies published in the literature for other types of cancer. Thus, we investigated by real-time PCR the amplifications of RTEL1, B4GALT5, TRPV2 and ABCA13 genes. The results showed a high frequency of amplification of these genes, but the statistical associations with clinicopathological data of TRPV2 gene with younger patients and ABCA13, with serosal extravasation, observed by aCGH, were not confirmed. Moreover, new significant associations were demonstrated, including RTEL1 recurrent amplification associated with advanced age and intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma; B4GALT5 recurrent amplification associated with intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma; TRPV2 recurrent amplification associated with lymph node metastasis; ABCA13 recurrent amplification associated with lymph node metastasis and male patients and co-amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 associated with advanced staging. Therefore, the aCGH proved to be a useful tool for the investigating new genes associated with carcinogenesis. Additionally, recurrent amplification of RTEL1, B4GALT5, TRPV2 and ABCA13 seem to have an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer and can be considered as potential biomarkers for this disease.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Farmacogenômica das fluoropirimidinas no tratamento oncológico personalizado(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-12-29) FERNANDES, Marianne Rodrigues; BURBANO, Rommel Mario Rodriguéz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4362051219348099Recently, cancer has become an obvious public health problem worldwide. The Fluoropyrimidine-based regimen has been the most widely used chemotherapy regimen worldwide in several types of solid tumors, including gastric and colorectal cancer. Of the total number of patients treated with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), 10-40% have severe toxicities, which usually result in prolonged and costly hospitalizations. The principle of personalized medicine is to study responses to medications based on individual genomic information. The high degree of miscegenation is a challenge for the worldwide implementation of personalized medicine in clinical practice. Many studies in the specialized literature have reported the influence of pharmacogenomic markers in mixed populations such as the Brazilian population. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacogenomic variability of different biomarkers in pharmacogenes involved in the metabolism pathway of Fluoropyrimidines in patients with gastric cancer or colorectal cancer, which are sub-strutured according to response and toxicity to treatment. To perform the research we used 216 patients with colorectal or gastric cancer who received 5-FU chemotherapy treatment. We investigated 33 genetic polymorphisms in 17 pharmacogens (ABCB1, ABCC2, ABCC4, ABCG2, CYP2A6, DPYD, FPSG, ITGB5, MTHFR, SLC22A7, SLC29A1, TP53, TYMS, UMPS, GGH, RRM1, TYMP) involved in the metabolism pathway of fluoropyrimidines. Our results showed that 77.3% of the patients presented some type of toxicity related to 5-FU treatment, of which 22% presented severe toxicities classified in grade 3 and 4. Death occurred in 23 patients, where three cases were related to toxicity and four cases with tumor progression and chemotherapeutic toxicity. Population substructuration was not influential in the association results for pharmacogenetic polymorphisms with the use of 5-FU. The FPGS gene (rs4451422) was shown to be significant in association with overall toxicity (p = 0.0052; OR 0.32) and toxicity events (p = 0.0004; OR 0.22). The ABCC4 gene (rs148551) had a significant association with the clinical response (p = 0.0056; OR 0.28). The SLC29A1 gene (rs760370) was shown to be significant for grade 3 and 4 toxicities (p = 0.0033; OR 4.73). In conclusion, due to the high degree of miscegenation in the Brazilian population, and particularly in the North of Brazil, the generated 5-FU pharmacogenomics data are particularly unique when compared to the homogenous populations investigated to date. The ABCC4, FPGS and SLC29A1 genes have been shown to be important biomarkers predictive of personalized medicine therapy using 5-FU.