Navegando por Assunto "Abrigo institucional"

Agora exibindo 1 - 11 de 11

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Acolhendo corporeidades: o sentido do corpo para crianças de um abrigo institucional do município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-20) AZEVEDO, Ildilene Leal de; MOREIRA, Wagner Wey; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5798244047692726
The dissertation deals with the sense of body for children in a shelter. Firstly, we present the conceptual basis of the embodiment focused on existentialism, unveiling its educative dimension. Following, we present the measure of institutional care for children in shelter in a historicized perspective, addressing it as space-timelived care and education. This makes it possible to put in perspective a sheltered child living these dimensions of being-body in a context of institutional care and education, based on different rules and customs from those familiar and today has been characterized now as a flexible model disciplinary. This work is a field research with a qualitative approach, carried out with authorization from the institution and FUNPAPA locus of research. The subjects studied were four male children, aged between eight and eleven, institutionally accepted more than three months. We applied forms to haracterize the subjects and the institution, and to contemplate the phenomenon we used systematic observation, registered in film version in the field diary. Data were analyzed using the method of phenomenological interpretation in a view of the phenomenon, which uses the units of meaning to achieve generalizations about the researched phenomenon. Our results indicated that although the research institution born in the wind of change coming to the ECA, it retains elements of the pedagogy of the old institutions, as though infants have some flexibility to choose "what" "where" and "whom" doing activities in their free time, it does not mean lack of control over their behavior and conduct. The lack of free “how-to-do”, which ultimately affects the other possible choices (body-option). The free time is considered idle and occurs within the institution (body-con). Imagination is the formula found by infants to escape the monotony (body-imagination). The body is experienced as an instrument of power (among the contemporaries and with adults) and also to demarcate property (bodyfield). But it is the link with the other, for it allows seeing and being seen as existence (body-presence), being tried as a way to be with you and the other (bodyidentity). But the infants continuously experience limited body by the collectivity (body-discipline) and in the search for affectionate interactions or before frustrating situations, the body extravasates feelings (body-cuddle). The body-child is objectified by the adult (body-discipline), and that’s why it is devoid of purpose by the last (body-translucent). But it does not mean that the subject is subdued, as if in a veiled way or explicit against this control (body-resistance). The meaning of the education the shelter does not encourage the individuality and autonomy, unable to satisfy affective, emotional and social demands. This pedagogy still separates them in body and mind and also seeks the control of the body to submission of the will. Then the body lived in the refuge is subjectivity arrested in the body-object, but rebelled against this model.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise dos documentos utilizados na descredencialização das famílias de crianças em acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-14) NOBRE, Áurea Gianna de Sousa Azevedo; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
The present research aimed to examine ways in which families of children in shelters were evaluated for addition to the shelter as protective measure, it is also necessary to make the process of removal of family power, from the contents found in the documents (medical records) produced on children and their families. This discourse echoes between the systems of protection and child care, justifying the sheltering and removal of family power, which is frequently regarded as “family dysfunction” is nothing more than poverty. In this sense, the present work problematized the decredentialization of the families, who in turn, resulted in divesting of family power, since Brazilian legislation itself recognizes the family as the ideal place for the development of the child. For this work development, the research was classified, by its nature, as qualitative. Data were analyzed through content analysis of Bardian (1979), understood as a set of search technique whose goal is the search for meaning or meanings of a document. The method of content analysis is guided by two boundaries: on one side of the border, linguistic and traditional territory, and in the other, interpretation of the meaning of words (hermeneutics). It is on the border of hermeneutics that the data in this study were analyzed. As a result, it was established from the discourse of protecting children at social risk, that the practice of institutionalization and removal of family power sometimes is based on evaluation of absences that surround the family.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do desenvolvimento de crianças em acolhimento institucional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-10) DIAS, Greicyani Brarymi; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
This study discusses the development of children in child care institution (shelter) through the use of evaluative scales. It is noteworthy to understand the child development, with a focus on aspects related to communication, fine and gross motor skills, problem solving and personalsocial behavior. The participants of the study were six children aged in the ranges of 4, 6, 7,8 and 9 months. For this, we used data collected from the assessment of children from two different scales: Ages and Stages Questionnaires third edition (ASQ-3) and Bayley Scales of Infant Development second edition. The children selected for the study were also observed through a Systematic Observation Guide, previously inspired structured into three scales of development for children aged 1 to 12 months. Data relating to the history of all the children involved in the study were also considered and obtained through informal reports of staff of the host institution and through documents (records) along the way. The evaluation showed that five of the six children assessed by the ASQ-3, their results were ratified by the Bayley II scale and of these, four are at risk for development and would require further evaluation, particularly in the areas of motor coordination and resolution of broad problem. The results of this study and contribute to understanding the development of children in these institutions, mainly in order to prevent damage from the lack of early attention, demonstrate further that the educators present at these sites may be able to predict changes in course of development of the children under their responsibility. Finally, it is proposed that future studies can recognize the importance of educators in this process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação e intervenção de bebês em instituição de acolhimento infantil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-01-18) LOPES, Andreza Mourão; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
This study addresses the assessment and intervention with infants in a child care institution in the city of Bethlehem Pa, through the application of Scale Development Child Behavior - EDCC and a program of activities prepared by the researcher for the early stimulation / essential motor skills, cognitive, and affective language. Data relating to the history of all the children involved in the study were also considered and obtained through informal reports of staff of the host institution and through documents (records) along the way. The study included four babies aged six to eleven months, who had no neurological dysfunction and the increased length of stay in the institution. The methodological approach was qualitative, with characteristic descriptive and interventional research. The evaluation with the use of CBDS in the pre-intervention showed that all babies survey participants had to score "4" for the rating "good" range, and initially had difficulties in performing behaviors that involve language and interaction social. At reassessment, most babies participants kept score "4" with only one progressing to "5" (excellent), as had significant improvement in behaviors that required interaction with another person. Just as through stimulation program, children have evolved in the acquisition of motor skills and social-emotional. The babies began to demonstrate behaviors such as eye contact, smiles, face recognition of adult vocalizations, among others. This showed that the host environment can be a protective factor for children who find themselves in vulnerable situations. Finally, it is proposed that future studies can recognize the importance of assessing child development in institutional contexts and proposals of stimulation that can be incorporated into the daily lives of these environments.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Concepções de desenvolvimento e práticas de cuidado à criança em ambiente de abrigo na perspectiva do Nicho Desenvolvimental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-28) CORRÊA, Laiane da Silva; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
Psychology has engaged in researches with target in institutional care. This interest makes growing in the scientific field necessity of studies to take care about collective environments whereas Developmental of Niche, where the social and physical environment, care practices that are often used in daily routines, besides who use psychology for taking care should be understood from integrated and close way. This study has for the purpose of investigating social and physical environment aspects, knowledge and concepts about infant development, routines and care practices present among educators in institution for children. This study is compound for 100 educators (95% of the population) who are responsible for children daily care of the children referred to a child care space.The educators answered through an individual interview based and structured in Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory (KIDI), instrument consists of 75 questions, divided into four categories: care practices, health and safety, rules and acquisitions, and principles of development. In this sample, 10 educators were selected and they compound the observation sessions, having importance for care routines at institution, and main criterion about this choice was a selection based in the performance obtained by KIDI. Of all observational sessions were selected moments that each educator got involved in situations like baths, food, sleep and plays. Those situations were extracted episodes that show care practices and routine activities. The results showed the most of professionals are women (99%), more than 35 years old, and they have kids and high school finished, and also more than 24 months of experience like educator. The results of instrument application showed 66% of educators got about 66 questions right. Thus, outperformed the 50% of performance at all categories analyzed by instrument, however the best results were extracted in statements related to care practices (80%) and principles of development (68%). The scholar level has not showed like an important variable. In institutional routine was checked the institucional care counts on rules collection that are followed by educators and children, with schedules and determinate places. It was noticed that knowledge about infant development is a relevant variable for quality of interactions and cares offered to child. Could be identified educators change routine, change the social and physical environment and adapt their practices following the demand and structure of situation, looking for to promote their well-being, and especially children well-being, give them possibilities to chance their environment and make individual choices in agreement with their own necessities. Besides is offered to institucional care children many experiences can rescue children to their cultural community, especially in situations of play and sleep. The results found in this study show how are important knowing about institucional care like spaces as a Development of Niche. It keeps a mutual relation with environment, practices and psychology of educators. This way it can be put in debate the importance to understand about institutional care in many points of view, and therefore must be understood in its various dimensions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estilos parentais em famílias de crianças abrigadas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-04-26) BARBALHO, Tássia Jares Pereira; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do "Ages and Stages Questionnaires" com cuidadores de crianças institucionalizadas
(2014-12) CRUZ, Edson Júnior Silva da; DIAS, Greicyani Brarymi; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva
This study discussed the knowledge caretakers have on the development of children who live in institutional shelter, using a triage instrument. Took part of this study four five-year old children and the caretakers. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires were used, they are composed by 21 questionnaires which comprise six areas of development. The results demonstrated that communication was an area poorly scored by the children, their main difficulties are in verbalizing and focusing on the proposed task. The gross motor coordination field which gathers among other things jumping and running, all motivated by the environment of the institution, fit the expectations, hence received the maximum score according to ASQ-3. The caretakers, considered key people for the children, were essential for the application of ASQ-3, which had a major role in identifying developmental problems.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Interações criança-criança no pátio da escola e no abrigo: o comportamento de cuidado entre pares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-29) COSTA, Débora Lisboa Corrêa; CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4743726124254735
Studies show that when children interact to each other they have the opportunity to develop their social skills. For example, the behavior of care stands out as different actions that resemble parental care, which aims to give physical or emotional support to others, considering attitudes such as helping, sharing and playing care. For children who are living and growing up in shelters, studies find that due to their specific condition of personal and social vulnerability, they can take advantages of this behavior in the interactions established at school, for example. This study aims to investigate the physical and social aspects of the environment that contribute to the manifestation of the behavior of care observed between pairs in the school playground and shelter. Besides that, to check and to analyze the social and physical characteristics of people who were part of the research that may also have influenced the manifestation of this kind of pro-social behavior. The study included five children, four to six year-old, who lived more than a year in the shelter and attend school regularly. For data collection, each target and their interactions with other children were recorded over ten observing sessions during fifty minutes, in both environments. In total, we had 500 minutes of observation. The results showed that all five participants expressed care behaviors in the study sites. In total, 43 behavioral events were recorded (26 at school and 17 in the shelter), organized around the following sub-categories: Establishing Affectionate Contact, Helping, Entertaining and Playing Care. Intragroup evaluation showed no statistical difference in the percentage difference in the behavior of care observed at school and in the shelter. When we analyze the performance of each category of care, it is clear that the behavior of help at school (n = 14, 53.8%) had higher frequencies than in the shelter (n = 7, 41.2 %). However, the binomial test indicates that this difference is not statistically significant (p> 0.05), i. e., percentages referring to the help actions are similar in both sites. The same happens to the behavior of Playing Care, which was higher in the shelter (n = 4, 23.5%) than at school (n = 2, 7.7%). However, statistical analysis showed that there were no statistical differences between sites. The description of the frequency of the behavior Establishing Affectionate Contact shows that there is a higher occurrence at school (n = 7, 26.9%) than in the shelter (n = 6, 35.3%), but the test shows there is no statistical difference between the averages sites are compared. And finally, it was found that the Entertaining behavior did not occur in the shelter, being observed only at school (n = 3, 11.5%), so it is not possible the application of the statistical test. The data showed that each site had a predominant type of care due to the physical and social characteristics of each institution, as well as participant characteristics (age and residence time of the targets) and recipients gender and the offered care.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“João e Maria”: uma observação psicanalítica sobre a experiência de crianças em situação de abrigamento
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-28) BARROS, Ana Cláudia Borba Gonçalves; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
This research aims at comprehending children behaviour living in shelter, taking into account the importance of the environment/place, the affective relations and the negative effects of maternal deprivation in the first years for the child development. In order to develop the study, two children were observed (23 and 31 months old), receiving the fictional names João and Maria, once their history of life has allowed a comparison to the “Hansel and Gretel” tale (“João and Maria” in Portuguese), by the Grimm Brothers. Observations were conducted in a shelter owned by the State of Pará, which receives children from zero to six years old, in the city of Belém. They were performed twice a week, lasting one hour each, during 5 months. It was considered the Bick Method for Observing Babies, based on three distinct moments: observation, annotation and group supervision. Results were organised in three categories: 1) the care environment for João and Maria, 2) João and Maria revealed by their ludic plays and games, and 3) meetings with the observer-narrator, whose actions were based in the perspective of the Winnicottian concept. In the first category, fragments of the history of life from João and Maria were presented, as well as aspects referred to the cares they have received in this context, which were permeated by the lack of affection and absence in the prioritisation of real demands according to the time and rhythm of the children, related mainly to the institutional dynamic. In the second category, children plays were investigated in association with body contact, involvement with other children and the observer – in the last case, interaction was more often during the meals. In the third and last category, feelings, difficulties and learning from the observer were discussed, as well as the narrator particular relation to the history of life of the two children and the particularities of the place. Therefore, it was realised that João and Maria were looking for a care relation based on body and affection contact; they have showed themselves as available in the contact one with the other, allowing the creation of affective links, which are positive and healthy aspects for children development. Finally, there is no doubt that applying the Winnicottian concept and the use of the Bick Method have contributed for a better understanding of the João and Maria experience, collaborating significantly for the apprehension of the reality of such children and their context of development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O olhar que revela o desenvolvimento emocional de um bebê abrigado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-11-19) NASCIMENTO, Rose Daise Melo do; PEDROSO, Janari da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4096274367867186
This study is a qualitative research that aimed to observe and analyze on the psychoanalytic approach, the emotional development of an institutionalized infant. For this there was a case study, which consisted in adapting the methodological tool of the Bick method of Infant Observation. The adaptations relate to the environment that is institutional, reduction of observation time for four months, the context of disclosures that due to shortage of researchers who use this method in Belém, most supervision were restricted to the pair observer and supervisor, and the latter served as advisor for this parallel study. We conducted the research in a state housing that welcomes children from birth to six years, where Miguel lived, a baby who was abandoned due to financial difficulties justified by the mother. Miguel has been observed since their 20 days of life until four months, through weekly observations lasting one hour, totaling 20 observations, which were recorded and subjected to supervision. The results were organized into three main chapters: 1) On the emotional development of babies going back to the theoretical field of child psychoanalysis 2) I am seen, therefore I am outlining the relationship between infant-observer, with a focus on transference and countertransference issues that permeated the ratio 3) Good care, bad care which addresses the care environment experienced by Miguel in the context of residential care and 4) The affective coloring of Miguel covering the important aspects of emotional development of Miguel at the institution. At the end of this journey, Miguel has proven to be a baby during the first month experienced catastrophic anxieties, which required care and restraint, used the cry and look to attract contact, however, was rarely served by various reasons inherent in the context of institutionalization; subsequently proved to be more familiar with the environment, using resources such as smiles and vocalizations to relate. Despite the instability and inconsistency of care, Miguel was interpreted as a symbol of the baby that overcoming obstacles and facing an ambivalent world in its fullest expression, revealed that there is no ideal situation for emotional development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Processos de saúde e doença entre crianças institucionalizadas: uma visão ecológica
(2009-04) CAVALCANTE, Lília Iêda Chaves; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino; PONTES, Fernando Augusto Ramos
This article discusses aspects of health and disease processes among children attended in a child shelter of the city of Belém between 2004 and 2005. The data were collected from documental sources and through interviews with technicians of the institution. From a total of 287 children, 49.47% presented diseases, deficiencies and injuries when being admitted to the shelter, probably associated to the situation of poverty and negligence they were exposed to since they were born. During their permanence in the shelter, it was verified that the children contracted infecto-contagious diseases (42.5%) and manifested problems of emotional nature (18.83%) that can be related to the environmental characteristic of the institution - inadequate proportion adult/children (1:8) and overcrowding (75/month). The results allow concluding that the children's health conditions reflect the situation of material and emotional privation to which they were exposed when living with the family and during their permanence in the shelter. In this sense, the health and disease processes are discussed from an ecological perspective that recognizes the biological, social and cultural factors that constitute the family and the shelter as developmental contexts of the institutionalized child.