Navegando por Assunto "Acacia mangium"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade alelopática de substâncias químicas isoladas da Acacia mangium e suas variações em função do PH
(2010) LUZ, Sylmara de Melo; SOUZA FILHO, Antonio Pedro da Silva; GUILHON, Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro; VILHENA, Karyme do Socorro de Souza
The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and characterize the allelopathic activity of the substances produced by Acacia mangium and to determine the variations of this activity according to the pH variation of the solution. The allelopathic activity was evaluated in germination bioassays (at 25 oC and under 12-12 h light-dark cycle) and radicle and hypocotyl development (at 25 oC and under 24-24 h light-dark cycle) of the weed species malicia (Mimosa pudica) and mata-pasto (Senna obtusifolia). The influence of the pH (3.0 and 9.0) of the solution in the allelopathic activity of the substances on seed germination of the same species was evaluated. The triterpenoids Lupenone (3 oxolup-20(29)-ene) and Lupeol (3β-hydroxylup-20(29)-ene), obtained from fallen leaves of the donor plant, separately and in pair, showed low allelopathic effects on seed germination and hypocotyl growth, especially on the former, with effects showing values lower than 2%. The effects on radicle growth were higher than the other two, reaching values above 40%, especially inhibition promoted by the substance Lupenone. Separately, each substance showed higher effects than those observed when tested in pair, indicating the existence of antagonism. The pH of the solution influenced the allelopathic activity of the substances; for Lupenone, the effects were more intense at acidic pH, while for Lupeol, best results were observed under alkaline conditions, showing that this is an important factor to be considered in field works.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estoques e fluxos de carbono em plantações florestais jovens de Acacia mangium e Schizolobium parahyba var. Amazonicum na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010) FREITAS, Jorge Fernando Barros de; VASCONCELOS, Steel Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0719395243841543
Forest plantations are considered as an alternative land use to mitigate the effects of climate change due to their potential for carbon sequestration in tree species. However, there is little information about carbon stocks and fluxes in forest plantations commonly used in the tropics, especially in the Amazon. The aim of this study was to quantify aboveground carbon stock and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) efflux in Acacia mangium Willd and Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum at different spacings. The study was conducted in Dom Eliseu, Pará, whose climate has a mean annual temperature around 25 ºC, annual rainfall varies from 2250 to 2500 mm; predominant soil is A moderate typic dystrophic Oxisol loamy soil. In this study we selected two species (A. mangium and S. parahyba var. Amazonicum) at two spacings (4.0 x 2.0 m and 4.0 x 3.0 m) with two replications, resulting in 4 treatments and 8 plots studied for a period of one year, from 2.5 to 3.5 years old. The plots measured 48 m x 60 m. We measured: height, diameter at breast height, soil CO2 flux, and estimated aboveground carbon stock. Mean soil CO2 efflux in plantations of A. mangium was 5.61 ± 1.30 Mg C ha-1 yr-1, and for S. parahyba the overall average was 7.07 ± 1.50 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. Annual accumulation of carbon in above-ground biomass A. mangium was 16.41 ± 1.16 and 14.03 ± 0.82 Mg C ha-1 yr-1 in 4.0 x 2.0 m and 4.0 x 3.0 m and 3.0 m, respectively. In S. parahyba the annual accumulation rate was 8.93 ± 1.87 Mg C ha-1 yr-1. A. mangium plantations accumulated more carbon in aboveground biomass than S. parahyba, with lower annual soil CO2 efflux smaller in relation to S. parahyba in both spacings. Overall A. mangium plantations in the 4.0 x 2.0 m spacing are recommended for carbon sequestration projects. In relation to S. parahyba, the 4.0 x 3.0 m would be recommended due to the same efficiency in carbon sequestration with lower requirement of inputs (seedlings) compared to 4.0 x 2.0 m. Continuos monitoring of the studied plantations would be very suitable to better understand the carbon dynamics.