Navegando por Assunto "Adenocarcinoma"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adenocarcinoma gástrico T4b: experiência de 12 anos em Hospital Universitário
(2013-12) FAVACHO, Bernard Costa; COSTA, Carleno da Silva; MAGALHÃES, Thamer Costa; ASSUMPÇÃO, Paulo Pimentel de; ISHAK, Geraldo
Gastric neoplasia is a heterogeneous and multifactorial disease and its incidence and mortality vary widely based on geographic location. Approximately 60% of the diagnoses of patients from occidental countries were made on the stages III and IV. The best treatment still is to realize a surgical procedure. AIM: Identify the epidemiological aspects of the patients diagnosed with T4b gastric adenocarcinoma. METHODS: The study was observational, transversal and retrospective; it was also based on secondary sources from patients diagnosed with T4b gastric adenocarcinoma, through pathologic stages. A total of 815 charts were analyzed and 27 patients studied. The variables were: demographic aspects, main symptoms, risk factors, access to health system, surgical aspects, morbidity, mortality and survival. RESULTS: Were included 22 men (81,5%) and five woman (18,5%), in the age group between 38 and 87 years old - median age of 58. The time, in months, to access the health system varied from one to 120, average of 12,5 months. The most prevalent signs and symptoms were: weight loss 23 (85,2%), epigastric pain 22 (81,5%), vomit 16 (59,3%) and gastric fullness 12 (44,4%). The frequency of the affected adjacent body structures was: pancreas 8 (29,6%), liver 7 (25,9%), transverse colon 6 (22,2%), small intestine 6 (22,2%), mesocolon 3 (11,1%), spleen 1 (3,7%) and gallbladder 1 (3,7%). Postoperative morbidity occurred in 51, 85% of the patients. There were a significative association between surgical mortality and the occurrence of fistula/ dehiscence, septic shock and bleeding. The survival rate after six months was 63,27%. CONCLUSION: The mean time between onset of symptoms and access to specialized health services was high. More than half of the patients had postoperative morbidities. Patients who had fistula / dehiscence, bleeding and septic shock were significantly associated with surgical mortality. The survival rate after six months was 63.27%.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Alterações genômicas quantitativas com potencial clínico no adenocarcinoma gástrico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-31) ARAÚJO, Taíssa Maíra Thomaz; KHAYAT, André Salim; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6305099258051586
Gastric cancer is the fifth most frequent type of cancer and the third cause of cancer mortality worldwide. Despite progression in treatment of advanced gastric cancer, the prognosis of patients remains poor, in part due to the low rate of diagnosis during its early stages. This paradigm implies the necessity to search and identify molecular biomarkers for early gastric cancer diagnosis, as well as for disease monitoring, thus contributing to the development of new therapeutic approaches. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating copy number variations in gastric adenocarcnoma through array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (aCGH) technique and selecting genes for validation in a larger sample size by using real-time PCR, in order to find potential molecular biomarkers for this tumor type. The aCGH results demonstrated 22 gene alterations never described before as correlated with gastric carinogenesis, as well as several alterations significantly associated with serosal extravasation and patients aged less than or equal 50 years. Given that most of the genes had never been described in gastric cancer, we selected for validation four gene alterations that showed some consistency with studies published in the literature for other types of cancer. Thus, we investigated by real-time PCR the amplifications of RTEL1, B4GALT5, TRPV2 and ABCA13 genes. The results showed a high frequency of amplification of these genes, but the statistical associations with clinicopathological data of TRPV2 gene with younger patients and ABCA13, with serosal extravasation, observed by aCGH, were not confirmed. Moreover, new significant associations were demonstrated, including RTEL1 recurrent amplification associated with advanced age and intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma; B4GALT5 recurrent amplification associated with intestinal type of gastric adenocarcinoma; TRPV2 recurrent amplification associated with lymph node metastasis; ABCA13 recurrent amplification associated with lymph node metastasis and male patients and co-amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 associated with advanced staging. Therefore, the aCGH proved to be a useful tool for the investigating new genes associated with carcinogenesis. Additionally, recurrent amplification of RTEL1, B4GALT5, TRPV2 and ABCA13 seem to have an important role in the development and progression of gastric cancer and can be considered as potential biomarkers for this disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da expressão gênica de pacientes com adenocarcinoma gástrico associado ao vírus Epstein-Barr
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) SILVA, Valéria Cristiane Santos da; MOREIRA, Fabiano Cordeiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5745396559731337
Infection with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is one of the risk factors for gastric cancer (GC). Epstein-Barr is a virus with oncogenic activity and was the first to be associated with malignant diseases such as lymphomas and carcinomas. Thus, EBV detection can be performed both by in situ hybridization and, currently, by using RNA sequencing techniques to identify the presence of viral genes in samples. In this context, aiming to better understand the EBV-positive subtype, this study proposed a molecular classification based on RNA sequencing of 76 tumor samples from patients diagnosed with GC. RNA sequencing of the samples was performed, and molecular classification was done using the Kraken2 software. Of the 76 samples, 8 were considered positive according to the adopted method. Subsequently, to understand the different mechanisms by which EBV might be acting in gastric cancer, we analyzed the patterns of human gene expression in samples classified as positive and negative. In our study, there are approximately 834 differentially expressed genes, of which 92 have an AUC greater than 0.85. These genes are associated with tumor progression, cellular metabolism, and innate and adaptive immunity. Additionally, viral genes expressed in the positive samples were evaluated, and we found manifestations of both lytic phase and latent phase genes. Finally, our study presents an efficient strategy for the molecular classification of EBV-positive
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade antineoplásica da 1-desoxinojimiricina em modelos de câncer in vitro
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12) FONSECA, Suzanne Suely Santos da; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0808-1058
Cancer is one of the diseases that kill the most in Brazil, with alarming projections until 2030. In view of the problems related to cancer treatment, such as the compromise of healthy cells and, consequently, the presence of adverse effects, it is imperative to seek of alternative substances that may have antineoplastic effects and that are effective in the treatment of patients with this disease. In this way, the use of bioactive compounds has been widely used in the fight against neoplasms. Thus, the substance 1-deoxynojimyricin (1-DNJ) isolated from Bagassa guianensis may have great anticancer potential. In view of the problems related to cancer treatment, such as the impairment of healthy cells and, consequently adverse effects, it is necessary to search alternative substances that may have antineoplastic effects and they are effective in the treatment of patients with this disease. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of 1-deoxynojirimycin (1-DNJ) extracted from wood residue of the species Bagassa guianensis in different cancer cell lines to investigate possible antineoplastic actions in vitro using gastric adenocarcinoma and glioblastoma cancer cell lines. To do that, it was evaluated the effect of the substance 1-deoxynojirimycin on cell viability in vitro after 72h of treatment in cell lines ACP02 and A172. We also evaluated the effect of this bioactive compound on cell migration pattern, cell death by apoptosis and cell cycle changes using flow cytometry and reactive oxygen production. The results showed that 1-deoxynojirimycin makes a significant reduction in cell viability of cancer cell cultures in both glioblastoma (A172) and gastric cancer cell (ACP02) cell lines. The reduction in viability appears to be more effective in glioblastoma cell lines, with a common ic50 much lower when compared to other cell lines. We propose that the reduction in viability may be related to the decrease in reactive oxygen production in both lines after treatment with 1-DNJ. Besides that, 1-DNJ interrupts the cell cycle, prevents cell migration and induces necrosis-like cell death in the ACP02 lineage and apoptosis in the A172 lineage. Therefore, we suggest that 1-deoxynojirimycin may be an important and effective chemopreventive substance for the treatment of glioblastoma and gastric adenocarcinoma cancers.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Expressão imunofenotípica da PD-1 e PD-L1 em adenocarcinoma gástrico de pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-08-31) CANELAS, Érika Thaiane Couto; DEMACHKI, Samia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7568391537270652
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death in both genders, and at an advanced stage the prognosis has been unfavorable. Human tumors are prone to escape from immunovigilance, and one of the axes involved in this scenario is PD-1, a receptor expressed on the surface of cells, and its PD-L1 linker, which have already been detected in samples from gastric adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to characterize the immunophenotypic expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 proteins in tissue adjacent to the tumor, primary gastric adenocarcinoma tissue, associated with clinicopathological and demographic findings from patients attending at University Hospital João de Barros Barreto since 2008 to 2016. We selected 92 samples from patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and 55 tissue samples adjacent to the tumor. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed and automated immunostaining was performed (GX Ventana - Roche ®) for PD-1 and PD-L-1. The immunoreactivity for PD-L1 in tumor cells was observed in 8 cases (8.7%), all of them of intestinal histological type of Láuren and advanced staging, presenting, in the most, grade II of differentiation. Whereas cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for PD-1 in the lymphocyte of the intratumoral microenvironment (TIL) was observed in the cytoplasm and occurred in 64 cases (69.6%), being the majority of intestinal histological type of Láuren, advanced staging and grade II of differentiation. Intratumoral PD-1 positive lymphocytes were observed in a greater number of cases when evaluated intratumoral stroma, as compared to the tumor-associated PD-1 lymphocyte lymphocytes adjacent to the tumor. These data reinforce that patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who features the histopathological characteristics found in predominance for both markers analyzed, may be more likely to activate the PD-1 / PD-L1 pathway and are eligible candidates to use anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody or anti- PD-L1.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identificação de polimorfismos de nucleotídeo único com efeitos deletérios em transcriptomas de câncer gástrico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-29) SILVA, Viviane Santos da; DARNET, Sylvain Henri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4586614214029929
Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the world. Its development is associated with factors related to lifestyle and genetic alterations that can modify genes and important biosynthetic and metabolic pathways that help maintaining cellular and tissue integrity. One of the main cancer research objectives is identify genes and mutations that may be used as genetic markers and potential therapeutic targets. Studies with genes related to the pathway of steroid hormones proteins have already identified polymorphisms that may be related to the risk of cancer. Because it is an important route for physiological and pathological processes identification of genetic polymorphisms in this and cholesterol biosynthesis pathway may contribute to the understanding of gastric carcinogenesis. Therefore, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome datasets from gastric tissues with and without cancer, in order to identify SNPs in genes associated to enzymes of biosynthetic pathways of steroid hormones, cholesterol and progesterone receptor that may be related to gastric cancer. The analysis was performed using the Galaxy Platform, the Bowtie alignment tool and the Provean software for functional analysis of variations. Deleterious mutations have been identified in CYP51A1, DHCR24 and SQLE genes in the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway, and in CYP3A5, HSD17B12, UGT1A1, UGT1A5, UGT1A6 and AKR1C3 genes in the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. The CYP3A5 gene had the highest number of deleterious SNPs. These results indicate a possible participation of genes analyzed in the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of gastric cancer.