Navegando por Assunto "Amazonas - Estado"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 67

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Ações e percepções de desenvolvimento sustentável na emergência de territórios
(2014-12) MENDONÇA, Marluce Ribeiro de; AQUINO, Maria José da Silva; SOUSA, Isabel Soares de
In this article we analyze aspects related to perspectives and participation of actors in processes posed by challenges of social use and conservation of natural resources in protected arcas in the Brazilian Amazon. Under a process of territoriali7ation, there is particularly the implementation of an economic alternative project in Amanã Sustainable Development Reserve, Conservation Unit located at Amazonas state. How they are perceived and how and under what conditions social groups participate — traditional people, researchers and interventionists — informed on the idea of sustainable development, in a context of environmental awareness, make the issue here, the challenge, referring both to the belief as to question the promise of development.
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Análise acústica das sílabas tônicas em Apurinã (Aruák)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-08-30) SANTOS, Benedito de Sales; FACUNDES, Sidney da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9502308340482231
This paper investigates the acoustic correlates of the prominent syllable, henceforth accent mark in the apurinã language, taking in consideration the hypotheses of Facundes (2000) and Brandão ( 2010). The research investigates possible acoustic correlates of the stress such as F0, intensity and duration of the vowels in stressed syllables with secondary stress and unstressed syllables to verify, from statistical analysis, which one is the most important correlate associated with stress in the language. This paper is divides into three parts: 1) the introduction, where the people, language aspects, the methodology and the theorists used in the analysis are presented; 2) a brief approach about the stress described by Facundes and the application of the metrical stress theory proposed by Hayes (1995) explained; and in 3) is the acoustic analysis in itself and the result of the statistical tests as well as a brief conclusion and list of the words used in the research.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise técnico-econômica da substituição parcial do combustível diesel pelo gás natural em motores marítimos na região amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-12-07) FRANCO, Alcides Canêjo Linhares; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The international experience indicates the existence of five main elements related to the expansion of the natural gas consumption as following: a) availability of natural gas reserve; b) restriction offers of other energy ones (especially for the electricity generation); c) concern with the environment by a environmental legislation more rigorous, each day; d) the investments attraction by the private companies permission for the distribution and commercialization of the natural gas; e) the generalized permission for the industry, attracting private companies, because of the opportunity of the investment. In this scene, the construction of the gas line Coari (extraction base) Urucu-Manaus with about 670 kilometers of total extension that will be ready on April of 2008, as divulged by Petrobras on 05/21/2007 and will carry 4.7 million cubic meters per day of natural gas in the first phase of operation. The foreseen total investment is of R$2.4 billions. The natural gas will substitute the diesel and the combustible oil used, mainly, in the production of great part of the consumed electric energy in the Amazon State. It will be used also in the industrial and commercial processes, as well as supplying, with safety, auto-machine vehicles (automobiles, pickups, light trucks, bus). This last application stimulated this research, that establish a technical-economic analysis of the partial substitution of the fuel diesel by the natural gas in maritime engines in the Amazon Region, because the boats are vehicles that cross the rivers of this Region and are used for load and passengers transportation. First, it is demonstrated that it is possible, in technical conditions, the conversion of the diesel engines to consume the diesel mixed with natural gas to the taxes of substitution of diesel for natural gas from 5% to 90%, using available technologies that are in the Brazilian market, under the view of energy and environment performances. Later it presents an economic analysis of the conversion, considering the reservoirs for natural gas compressed - NGC offered in the national market and the kits of conversion. The research reveals: a) the economic viability of the enterprise if the weights and the volumes of the natural gas reservoirs are neglected, especially the first one; b) the no economic viability, considering the transport of the reservoirs, in the boats, that had no financial results because of the prices of the taxes resulting of the space occupied by the volumes and the weights of these reservoirs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos evolucionários das unidades de produção camponesas do território Manaus e entorno
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-11-04) SANTOS, Jessé Rodrigues dos; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911
In this thesis, it is approached the processes of change and diversification of the peasants productive systems located in a part of the Territory of Manaus and surroundings. The objective of the research is the understanding of the processes of economic and technological change in course in these productive systems. The boarding of the subject is carried through a multi-disciplinary analytical structure to involving concept of the evolutionary economic theory, of the theory of the endogenous development, the economic anthropology and the theory of the peasant investment. The joined results disclose that the studied productive systems are diversified in relation to the territories where they occur. This diversification elapses in the way as the peasant producers adapt their productive systems modifying the labor routines that constitute them in function of the injunctions proceeding from the complex institutional environment and of the dynamics of the ecosystems. These adaptations are guided by the sociocultural characteristics inherent to the peasant families and motivated by the search of the reproductive efficiency. To the end, the data of the field research are processed through the Factorial Analysis, disclosing differentiations of trajectories of similar productive systems in distinct territories, as well as clusters that locate the peasant producers between situations of integration to the market and subsistence subsidized for social and social security benefits. These results evidence the complexity of the socioeconomia peasant and its diverse strategies of adaptive innovation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos semânticos, morfológicos e morfossintáticos das palavras descritivas Apurinã
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-16) CHAGAS, Angela Fabíola Alves; FACUNDES, Sidney da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9502308340482231; FERREIRA, Marília de Nazaré de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4291543797221091
It presents semantic, morphossyntactic and morphological aspects of the descriptive words of the Apurinã language (Aruákan), that is, words that commonly are translated as adjectives in the European languages. Some of those words receive the mark of pronominal subject (e.g. u-natxitapeka 'she is hungry'); while others receive the objective mark (e.g. ere-ru 'she is beautiful'); and other ones can receive either subjective and objective markers (e.g. ny-pĩkareta eu estou com medo vs. papĩkare-nu eu sou medroso). The first think treated was about the place of the descriptive words in the Apurinã parts of the speech (are they names, are they verbs or do they form an independent class from these?). Using internal evidences of the language, initially we have established a grammatical classification for those words starting from their morphological properties in comparison with the names and verbs in the language, with the purpose of answer these questions. The second think is on the semantic correlates of the descriptive words. Considering the intern division of the Apurinã descriptive words (subjective vs. lenses), we presented the semantic properties associated to each group and, starting from that, we presented an attempt of motivating the sub grouping of descriptive concepts in the language with base in the aspectual notions of transitoriness and permanence. Finally, the described grammatical phenomenon is contextualized inside of the typology of systems of split intransitivity described for other languages (PAYNE: 1997), and the description of their semantic properties is located in relation to the typology of lexical aspects or aktionsarten (COMRIE: 1976, FRAWLEY: 1992).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assembleias de ciclídeos na área focal da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, médio Rio Solimões, Amazonas, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-03-19) PEREIRA, Ludmilla Costa Ferreira; CAMARGO-ZORRO, Mauricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5423657235023988
This study aims to know the fish diversity of the family Cichlidae in different habitats (lakes, ressacas and river banks) and habitats (floating macrophytes, branches and beaches) on Sustainable Development Reserve Mamiraua (RDSM), medium Solimoes River, Amazonas. Samples were collected in two periods: 1) Three months sampled in March, July and December 2003 in 21 environments; 2) from September 2003 to August 2004 in five lakes with presence of the floating meadows Eichornia crassipes and Paspalum repens. Were used gillnets, hand nets and seine nets. Were collected 6397 fishes and 350 kilograms, represented in 28 species and 16 genera. Cichlids represented approximately 35% of the total number of fish collected. The composition of the catch was dominated by juvenile forms or small fishes. Mesonauta insignis and Cichlassoma amazonarum dominate in abundance and weight along the study. Species richness was larger in the period I (28 species), while during the period II were recorded 19 species. Nine species were absent in lakes with floating meadows. The study showed that the cichlids moving between environments and habitats of the Reserve in search of better conditions for their survival.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atenuação de múltiplas pelo método WHLP-CRS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-01-28) ALVES, Fábio José da Costa; LEITE, Lourenildo Williame Barbosa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8588738536047617
In the sedimentary basins of the Amazon region, the generation and accumulation of hydrocarbons is related to the presence of diabase sills. These rocks present a great impedance contrast to the host rocks what turns to cause the generation of internal and external multiples with similar amplitudes the primary events. These multiples can predominate over the information originated at the deeper interfaces, making more difficult the processing, interpretation and imaging of the seismic section. In the present research work, we conducted de multiple attenuation in synthetic commonsource (CS) seismic sections by combining the Wiener-Hopf-Levinson for prediction (WHLP) and the common-reflection-surface-stack (CRS) methods. We denominated this new combination under the name and label of WHLP-CRS method. The deconvolution operator is calculated from the real amplitudes of the seismic section trace-by-trace, and this strategy represents efficiency in the process of multiples attenuation. Multiples identification is carried out in the zero-offset (ZO) section simulated by the CRS-stack applying the periodicity criteria between the primary and its repeated multiples. The wavefront attributes, obtained by the CRS-stack, are employed to move the shifting windows in the timespace domain, and these windows are used to calculate the WHLP-CRS operator for the multiple attenuation carried out in the CS sections. The development of the present research had several intentions as: (first) avoid the inconveniencies of the processed ZO section; (second) design and apply operators in the CS configuration; (third) extend the WHL method to curved interface; (fourth) use the good results obtained in the new CRS-stack technology whose application extends to migration, tomography, inversion and AVO.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atitude linguística e revitalização da Língua Mundurukú: observações preliminares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-07) FRANCÊS JÚNIOR, Celso; MARGOLIN, David; PICANÇO, Gessiane Lobato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8504849027565119
The Munduruku of Kwatá-Laranjalare among the indigenous comunities of Brazil whose heritage language is severely endangered. The Munduruku language belongs to the Mundurukufamiliy of the Tupi stock, and formerly was spoken in the Brazilian states of MatoGrosso, Pará, and Amazonas; it is still spoken in Pará. The focus of this study is the indigenous community of Kwatá-Laranjal, in the state of Amazonas, since members of this group no longer speak the language and for this reason are interested in revitalizing and reinforcing their culture and identity. The project Special Lincensure for the Training of Indigenous Teachers/Munduruku Students (LicenciaturaEspecíficaparaFormação de ProfessoresIndígenas/Turma Mundurukú) of the Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), besides pursuing the objective of teacher training at the post-secondary level, also has the goal of assisting in the revitalization of the Munduruku language through special classes. The research for the present study took place in this context, specifically investigating students' attitudes toward the community heritage language, through the use of questionnaire-based structured interviews. This quantitative approach included investigating relative knowledge of Munduruku and Portuguese; language preferences; and actual language use. It was observed that there is a contradiction between the elements analyzed in the research and the desire of the participants to revitalize their heritage language.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do efeito dos principais itens da dieta natural de Astronotus ocellatus (Cuvier, 1829) da Reserva Mamirauá (AM, Brasil) sobre a sua coloração reprodutiva em ambiente artificial
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007) CHAVES, Rui Alves; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
In order to test the influence of feeding items in the coloration of acara-açus the present study was carried through two stages. The first one aimed the identification of the main alimentary groups of Astronotus ocellatus diet through the analysis of the stomachal and intestine research. Secondly, it aimed to compare the effect caused by the different groups of diet, in an artificial environment, on the red coloration and the acquisition of corporal mass of the tested individuals. At the first stage the activities had been developed in the Reserve of Sustainable Development Mamirauá (RDSM) were 216 individuals. After the preservation of the digestive tracts these were analyzed qualitatively, under the microscope. The diet items found in the contents had been classified using broad categories such as: molluscs, crustaceans, insects, fish and vegetables, as well as unknown material. The length of the first sexual maturation was calculated. The variation of the water level in the RDSM during the period of the study was obtained from Mamirauá Institute. The in-dake index for each food item was calculated by the product of the frequency of relative occurrence and relative weight of each item and the total of products for all itens identified. The main itens identified were fish, insects and molluscs. Twenty individuals of Astronotus ocellatus had been captured in Marajó Island in febrary/2006, and placed in fifteen (15) glass tanks at the aquacultive station of Utinga (Belém, Pará). On the basis of the results from the first stage and on current literature, five diet treatments were designed for the experiment: T1 - Commercial formula (control); T2 - Fish; T3 - Molluscs, T4 - Insects; T5 - Crustaceans. The analysis of the Index of Intensity of Red Coloration was based on the comparison of the levels of intensity of proportionate color for specific software, and the Index of Increment of the Red Coloration of oceli and the diffuse lateral coloration were calculated. The diet treatment with molluscs resulted in the largest increment of the index of intensity of red coloration in oceli at the end of 20 days. The diet treatment with crustaceans resulted in the largest increment of index of intensity of the diffuse lateral red coloration at the end of 20 days. The animals submitted to almost all the treatments had presented an increase in body mass throughout 40 continous days of experiment, but those fed with molluscs presented a to greater acquisition of biomass.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação geoquímica da ocorrência de metais pesados selecionados em sedimentais pelíticos da plataforma continental do Amazonas no trecho entre a foz do rio Pará e o cabo Orange
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-04-10) LIMA, Edgar Alexandre Reis de; LIMA, Waterloo Napoleão de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1229104235556506
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bancos comunitários de desenvolvimento: o papel da comunicação na economia solidária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-08-29) COELHO, Celina Leila Chagas de Oliveira; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454
The present study aims to analyze the role of communication in solidarity economy and local development, especially in Community Development Banks (BCDs). The primary form of communication to be discussed as a result of the Social Capital and mobilization, because the use of mass comunication is not enough to reach the entire community in which the bank operates. For this purpose the theoretical framework focused on the solidarity economy and the environment; communication; social capital; and social mobilization. Also, it was realized visits to a two BCDs in Manaus, in the Palmas Bank (Fortaleza) and in the Banco Tupinambá (Moqueiro), where a qualitative study of mothers enrolled in the Bolsa Família, Federal Government Program which funds assistance to families living in poverty or extreme poverty, who participate in the project CECI-Mulheres, whose results showed that although the project has been carry out for a year, the participants do not clearly have the basic concepts of Solidarity Economy and BCDs – as women who belong to it are opinion formers, then their position give clues about how the community sees the bank. As part of conclusion of the work, it was realized an assessment about communication channels of Tupinambá Bank emphasizes that the outside communication is more advanced than the inside communication, therefore were made suggestions for new channels focused on mobilization and growth of social capital in Baía do Sol community.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização e dinâmica espacial da caça de primatas em comunidades ribeirinhas da Amazônia Central
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015) PEREIRA, Priscila Maria; VALSECCHI, João; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8353254163114394; QUEIROZ, Helder Lima de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3131281054700225
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização genética parcial e completa da nucleoproteína de hantavírus na Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SIMITH, Darlene de Brito; NUNES, Márcio Roberto Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0299116892743368
The Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) has been diagnosed in the Brazilian Amazon since 1995. Until december 2010 have been diagnosed 289 cases in the Brazilian Amazon, registered in the states of Mato Grosso, Pará, Maranhão, Amazonas and Rondônia. The overall objective of this study was to characterize genetically hantavirus strains circulating in these states. Samples of viscera from wild rodents positive for IgG antibodies against hantavirus caught in ecoepidemiológicos studies, conducted in the municipalities of Itacoatiara/AM, Alto Paraíso/RO and Campo Novo do Parecis/MT, and serum/blood of human cases of HPS from the municipalities in the area of influence of BR-163 in the states of Pará and Mato Grosso, Tomé-Açu/PA, Tangará da Serra/MT, and viscera of a pool of death coming from Anajatuba/MA. The samples were extracted viral RNA, followed by the reactions of RT-Hemi-Nested-PCR for samples from rodents, RT-Nested-PCR for human samples and nucleotide sequencing using the Sanger method and pyrosequencing, and later, scanned for matters such as identity (BLAST search), similarity (Simplot) and nucleotide and aminoacidic homology with other hantaviruses (Clustal W). We obtained partial sequences of hantavirus in five species of rodents Oligoryzomys microtis (n=2 from Itacoatiara/AM; n=3 from Alto Paraíso/RO) and in eight samples from humans (n=1 from Tomé-Açu/PA; n=1 from Altamira/Cachoeira da Serra; n=1 from Novo Progresso/PA; n=1 from Guarantã do Norte/MT; n=1 de Anajatuba/MA and n=3 de Altamira/Castelo dos Sonhos). Using the strategy of pyrosequencing were obtained complete sequences of the gene N, S-RNA of three hantavirus in rodents (n=2 from Alto Paraíso/RO and n=1 from Campo Novo do Parecis/MT) and two human cases (n=1 from Tangará da Serra/MT and n=1 from Novo Progresso/PA). Analysis of complete sequences showed the presence of ORFs for possible NSs protein, as described for other hantaviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of the sequences obtained in this study and other hantaviruses available in GenBank suggests that the virus Castelo dos Sonhos is responsible for cases of HPS in municipalities in the area of influence of BR-163, obtaining for the first time, the complete sequence of this virus in rodent Oligoryzomys utiaritensis, coming from Mato Grosso; confirmed the continued circulation of Laguna Negra-like virus associated with HPS cases in the state of Mato Grosso; the Rio Mamoré-like virus was first time detected in O.microtis rodents, the state of Amazonas and Rondônia, but not associated with human cases; the virus Anajatuba was responsible for a case of death from Maranhão. This work will serve as support for future epidemiological and molecular studies, therefore, provides new data about the spread of hantaviruses in the Brazilian Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Colagem, antropofagia e subversão em Galvez imperador do Acre, de Márcio Souza
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-18) SANTOS, Francisco Ewerton Almeida dos; CASTILO, Luís Heleno Montoril del; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3519128535996125
This paper discusses the novel Galvez imperador do Acre, Amazon published in 1976 by the Amazonas’s writer Márcio Souza, establishing relationships between the literary and the aesthetic avant-garde modernist proposals, both in Europe and Brazil, offering thus the investigation of the relationship between modernism and Post-Modernism, and the relations between literature, society, history and culture. We will address issues such as the redefinition of literary texts or not in Galvez imperador do Acre through the process of collage and intertextuality, the relationship between the novel and the historical moment which incorporates, as well as one in which it was produced, the rescue of the past a critical and transformative approaches and possibilities of reading the literary text with a view to theories post-modernist and post-colonialists. We observe, therefore, how it reproduces the Belle Epoque and the extraction of latex in the Amazon and its aesthetic fragmentary, consisting of several citations of canonical authors, investigating the functioning of collage and cannibalism as the main tools of subversion to the complaint and cultural process Import of European values lived by Amazon capitals at the time represented by the novel and whose criticism can be extrapolated to the whole process of cultural formation in Brazil and the Amazon. For this, we will bring into question the theories of Jacques Derrida, Walter Benjamin, Claude Levi-Strauss, Fredric Jameson, Luiz Costa Lima, Antonio Candido, Aijaz Ahmad, Homi Bhabha, Stuart Hall, Canclini, Silviano Santiago, Angel Rama, Linda Hutcheon, Antoine Compagnon, among others, in order to, from the novel under review, deepen the theoretical discussion about the relationship between literary texts and comparative between Literary Studies and other fields of study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A criação de unidades de conservação em áreas de apossamento de populações tradicionais: um problema agrário ou ambiental?
(1998) BENATTI, José Heder
A discussão que iremos apresentar neste trabalho faz parte de nosso projeto de pesquisa que desenvolvemos em parceria com entidades de base e organizações nãogovernamentais (ONGs)1, com o intuito de apresentar uma proposta de regularização fundiária dos apossamentos das populações tradicionais da Amazônia. As áreas com as quais desenvolveremos nosso trabalho são: Parque Nacional do Jaú – AM; comunidade de ribeirinhos da ilha de Ituqui, no município de Santarém – PA; comunidade de remanescentes do Quilombo de Pacoval, no município de Alenquer – PA. São diferentes áreas de pesquisa, uma está em uma unidade de conservação, outra, em uma ilha no rio Amazonas e a última é um quilombo em terras da União. Contudo, neste momento, pretendemos discutir somente um dos casos analisados, que é o das populações tradicionais em Unidades de Conservação (UC) de uso indireto2.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Crianças ribeirinhas e quilombolas da Amazônia: crescimento, determinantes sociais de saúde e políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-09-29) FILGUEIRAS, Ligia Amaral; SILVA, Hilton Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3917171307194821
The Amazon represents over half of the tropical forests in the world and has the highest biodiversity in the world, but continues to suffer serious environmental problems due to the illegal exploitation of its resources. Human populations living in these areas are indigenous and non-indigenous, largely rural, with intense miscegenation between white settlers, the indigenous native population and Africans who came as slaves. They are small producers who depend on and deeply know the nature and its cycles and use relatively simple technology, little impact on the environment. These populations living in rural areas are considered made vulnerable, especially children. This study aimed to assess the health situation of children from three population groups of the Amazon residents National Forest Caxiuanã (PA), the Sustainable Development Reserve Mamirauá (AM) and seven Quilombo communities (Africa / Laranjituba, St. Anthony , hoses, Spring, Oriximiná, Trumpets and Abacatal - PA). 990 children were analyzed 0 to 9 years of age compared to WHO criteria from 2008 to 2015. It was found that children Caxiuanã are in deficit height / age (26.15%) and children Mamirauá (17.9%), while among the Maroons the most serious situation was in the Spring community (35.72%). The difference between them was significant (p = 0.018) and the Tukey test indicates that children Caxiuanã are worse off with regard to weight / age. In general, all communities lack environmental sanitation, running water, have substandard housing, including without bathroom or internal health, which influences the high levels of intestinal parasites, skin infections and other diseases. Access to health services is often difficult due to the distances between homes and health centers, as in most cases the transport is poor. The Amazon region is vast and difficult to manage, but if there is no serious improvements in public policies in all sectors, children in rural areas still remain distant from international growth parameters in the 21st century Therefore, it is necessary that best public health programs are developed to the Amazon region, which are reflected in better quality growth and health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento da produção agrícola e intervenção social: estudo de caso em uma comunidade da Reserva de Desenvolvimento Sustentável de Mamirauá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-06-30) NASCIMENTO, Ana Claudeise Silva do; MOURA, Edila Arnaud Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2154370107837866; COSTA, Maria José Oliveira e Silva Jackson; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4079845537461874
This work is the result of an ethnographic study in a small riverside community of the Amazon flooded area, emphasizing its particularities in relation to the use of natural resources. The subject of the analysis was a smallholder agricultural project, which was developed by implementing the results of scientific research on the participatory management of natural resources. Technicians from Mamirauá Institute and the peasants met periodically to evaluate the project’s processes and results. This study contributes to the understanding of the impacts of investments in agriculture, enabling an interaction between processes of reflection and action. The main objective of this dissertation is to assess a situation of social intervention directed at the sustained management of agricultural produce in a protected area of flooded forest (Sustainable Development Reserve). This study has indicators which contribute to the understanding of the impacts of investments in agriculture in a small community called São Francisco do Aiucá, enabling interaction between intention/implementation based on the understanding of the results and the evaluation of the social intervention. Using some indicators, built through the use of participatory methodologies, it was possible to analyze changes in the economic activities of São Francisco do Aiucá, and other forms of natural resources use, identifying ways to both diversify the crops and undertake new alternatives for the commercialization of the produce.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de técnicas de filtragem e sua aplicação a dados aeromagnéticos da Bacia Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1976-08) SILVA, João Batista Corrêa da; LOURENÇO, José Seixas
In this thesis two filtering methods were combined in order to enhance some features in an aeromagnetic map such as lineaments and anomalies caused by sources of large proportions. The visual filtering consisted of stereoscopic examination of pairs of maps. The numeric filtering involved the elimination of the undesirable spectral components (noise) and the enhancement of the desired spectral components (signal). Both methods were tested on aeromagnetic maps of the Middle Amazon Basin. All the numeric filtering operations were done in the space domain by convolving the aeromagnetic data with a 13x13 filter matrix. Special attention was paid to the preliminary analysis of the spectrum, as a guide in filter design. The results of the application of each filter was discussed in detail. A further topic also dealt with was basement fault models. The model analysis established a complementary interpretation method to the filtering methods. A structural interpretation of the Middle Amazon Basin's basement was provided. The dominant aeromagnetic trends were E-W, N60°W, N-S, N45°E and N60°E. Two grabens were quite evident. The younger one trends N-S, while the older one strikes N45°E. Two anomalies caused by sources of intermediate and large proportions (15-60km) exhibit remanent magnetization and high values of negative inclination, which shows that the Amazon Basin would be southernmost in the Paleozoic. In performing the integration of aeromagnetic data with other geophysical data avaiIable, the interpretation from other data proved consistent with the aeromagnetic interpretation, illustrating the reliability of the techniques employed in this thesis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Dinâmica da vegetação da região de Humaitá - AM durante o Pleistoceno tardio e o Holoceno
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-01-30) FRIAES, Yuri Souza; COHEN, Marcelo Cancela Lisboa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8809787145146228
Vegetation dynamics of Western Amazonia during the past 42000 cal yr BP was studied by pollen, sedimentary facies, 14C dating δ13C and C/N. Two sediment cores were sampled from Humaitá in southern Amazonas state, and Porto Velho, northern Rondônia. These sites, located in western Brazilian Amazonia, are covered by grassland and tropical rainforest vegetation, respectively. The sedimentary deposits are predominantly composed of massive sand, heterolithic mud/sand, and laminated or massive mud representative of sediment accumulation in floodplain, active channel, abandoned channel, and oxbow lake sedimentary environments. In these settings, reducing and low energy subaqueous conditions were developed, locally favoring preservation of a pollen community of herbaceous vegetation and glacial forest represented mainly by Alnus, Drymis, Hedyosmum, Podocarpus, and Weinmannia trees at least between > 42,033 – 43,168 cal yr BP and <34,804 – 35,584 cal yr BP. The herbaceous and arboreal vegetation ecotone persisted from the early to mid-Holocene, whilst the cold pollen assemblage became extinct. In this work, we record a significant plant population, at present restricted to Andean areas located at altitudes higher than 2000 - 3000 m, in areas of the Amazonia lowland toward the onset of the Last Glacial Maximum. This suggests that this time interval might have seen temperatures lower than previously proposed for this region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A dinâmica dos recursos comuns em Unidades de Conservação e Assentamentos Rurais no Amazonas: uma abordagem fuzzy set
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04-30) COSTA, Francimara Souza da; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
Garret Hardin's theory titled "The Tragedy of the Commons " presents privatization and government control as a solution to avoid the depletion of natural resources. However, other authors have shown that resource users may have efficient ways of management, combining the use by man to nature conservation. This thesis examines the use of public resources for the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Rural Settlement Units, located in Madeira - Purus interfluve , the southern state of Amazonas region. The question that guided the research hypothesis was : Given the specificities Amazon and rules imposed by environmental and agricultural policies in the region, which conditions are presented as necessary and sufficient for good performance in the use of common resources ? The analysis was performed through the combination of three methods : the comparative method Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) , the method of institutional analysis Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework and fuzzy logic. Operationally, were considered as independent variables (X) the socio-economic, productive , environmental and institutional aspects, starting from the assumption that government programs for Units must show improvement in these indicators, in turn reflecting the good performance in the use of resources common (dependent variable Y) from this institutional design. The results confirmed the hypotheses, asserting that the good performance in the use of common resources, recommended by the criteria of sustainability can only be achieved by the combination of a satisfactory performance also in socio-economic, productive, institutional and environmental variables, presenting if these variables as individually necessary and jointly sufficient for the occurrence of this phenomenon.