Navegando por Assunto "Anofelinos"

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Contribuição ao conhecimento da fauna anofélica antropofílica da Praia da Saudade na Ilha de Cotijuba - Belém - Pará: uma área endêmica da malária
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-04-11) GUIMARÃES, Delma Gomes; MASCARENHAS, Bento Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3279744837272788
In spite of its localization near the city of Belém, Pará, Cotijuba Island has been the site of outbreaks of malaria during recent years, especially in the months of April and May. The island is part of an archipelago at the southern margin of Marajó Bay, located 29 km from Belém, as an island portion of the municipality of Belém. The island has a total area of about 60 km² and 20 km of beaches that correspond to about 66% of the total area. Because of the epidemic, it tias become necessary to identify the anopheline species that are the malaria vectors on the island. From 2002 to 2004 periodic collections were made of mosquito larvae and adults, and their breeding sites were located and characterized. Larvae were collected with dippers, while adults were collected manually in individual tubes from human volunteers. Two collections were made of adults in forested areas, one collection during the dry season and the other during the rainy season. Each collection was made during a continuous 24 hour period. Six bi-monthly collections were made near residents' houses, each lasting 6 hours. Both in the forest and near houses, only two species of anophelines were found to bite people, Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) aquasalis and Anopheles (Anopheles) intennedius. A. aquasalis was more common near houses, whereas A. intermedius was more common in the forest. Most of the island's malaria cases were found to occur two months after the beginning of the rainy season, in the month of May. On all of Cotijuba Island there are four lakes that are possible anopheline breeding sites, and Gabriela Lake is the principal breeding site, responding for 42% of the malaria cases on the island during 2003. Climatic conditions, the resident population's behavior and housing, and the lack of resources for effective vector control, among other factors, favor the continual presence of malaria on Cotijuba Island.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Development of the BG-Malaria trap as an alternative to human-landing catches for the capture of Anopheles darlingi
(2013-09) GAMA, Renata Antonaci; SILVA, Ivoneide Maria da; GEIER, Martin; EIRAS, Álvaro Eduardo
Although the human-landing catch (HLC) method is the most effective for collecting anthropophilic anophelines, it has been increasingly abandoned, primarily for ethical considerations. The objective of the present study was to develop a new trap for the collection of Anopheles darlingi . The initial trials were conducted using the BG-Sentinel trap as a standard for further trap development based on colour, airflow direction and illumination. The performance of the trap was then compared with those of the CDC, Fay-Prince, counterflow geometry trap (CFG) and HLC. All trials were conducted outdoors between 06:00 pm-08:00 pm. Female specimens of An. darlingi were dissected to determine their parity. A total of 8,334 anophelines were captured, of which 4,945 were identified as An. darlingi . The best trap configuration was an all-white version, with an upward airflow and no required light source. This configuration was subsequently named BG-Malaria (BGM). The BGM captured significantly more anophelines than any of the other traps tested and was similar to HLC with respect to the number and parity of anophelines. The BGM trap can be used as an alternative to HLC for collecting anophelines.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo sobre a distribuição da malária no Pará e sua correlação com fatores ambientais e socioeconômicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) FERNANDES, Willian Ricardo da Silva; ALBERNAZ, Ana Luisa Kerti Mangabeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1220240487835422
The malaria is a parasitic disease caused by Protozoa of genus Plasmodium that completes its complex cycle of development alternating between human hosts and mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles. In the world-wide context, it constitutes a serious problem of public health that mainly affects the developing countries of tropical and subtropical climate. In Brazil, one gives credit that 99.5% of the registered cases of malaria meet in the Legal Amazonian. Much of the success of this complaint in this region must it biological and environmental factors that favor levels high of vectors, beyond social factors that compromise the efforts to control the disease. Thus, the objective of this work was to study the profile epidemiologist of the malaria in Pará, during a historical series (1999 - 2003), analyzing the influence of environmental and socioeconomic variable on the prevalence of the cases. For such the annual parasitic indices (IPA) of each city had been calculated and, through a SIG, these data they had been georreferencied and studied of temporal and spatial form. Data on the deforestation in the State had been analyzed, through a regression for permutation, to try to explain the temporal variation of the malaria. For the spatial study (multiple regression) the influence of the variable: temperature, rainfall, altitude, education, longevity and income; was tested on the prevalence of the malaria. In the secular study the malaria presented a decreasing trend in the State, however, only 31 cities had presented the same trend, did not have increasing trend, the 112 remaining cities had presented steady trend. Moreover, many cities had alternated increase and reduction of the cases throughout the series, having indicated a good action of control, but a weak performance of the monitoring. In this context the deforestation seems to influence the secular series of the malaria, was gotten resulted significant in two (2001 and 2002) of the three studied years. In the space study the adopted final model, although a low clarifying power (R²=0.31), presented three significant variable: number of dry months, income and education. However, the result of the two first ones is not presented of a direct form, being reflected of other activities. Although the scale adopted and of problems in the aggregation of the data (they are only available for city), this work presents resulted excellent that can assist the managers of the health (or endemic diseases) to direct action of control for the pointed areas as critical, acting in the factors of bigger significance, thus getting better exploitation of available the human resources and material.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fauna anofélica da cidade de Belém, Pará, Brasil: dados atuais e retrospectivos
(2006-08) SILVA, Ana de Nazaré Martins da; FRAIHA NETO, Habib; SANTOS, Carla Christiani Bastos dos; SEGURA, Maria de Nazaré de Oliveira; AMARAL, Jane Cristina de Oliveira Faria; GORAYEB, Inocêncio de Souza; LACERDA, Raimundo Nonato da Luz; SUCUPIRA, Izis Mônica Carvalho; PIMENTEL, Leôncio Nazaré; CONN, Jan E.; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins
We present the results of anopheline captures in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from 1995-2004, and a comparison with captures from 1930-1999. In the earlier period, 20 species were identified: Anopheles albitarsis s.l., An. aquasalis, An. argyritarsis, An. braziliensis, An. darlingi, An. eiseni, An. evansae, An. galvaoi, An. intermedius, An. kompi, An. mediopunctatus, An. nimbus, An. nuneztovari, An. oswaldoi, An. peryassui, An. punctimacula, An. shannoni, An. strodei, An. thomasi, and An. triannulatus. Seven of these species were not found in 1995-2004 (An. argyritarsis, An. eiseni, An. galvaoi, An. kompi, An. nimbus, An. punctimacula, and An. thomasi). The persistence of so many species is probably due to the local preservation of forest areas. Two species are of vectorial importance (An. darlingi and An. aquasalis). An. aquasalis is still the most abundant species (46.26% of adults, 99.21% of larvae) and the only one detected in all capture sites. There is thus a potential risk of malaria transmission in the entire municipality of Belém.