Navegando por Assunto "Atividade antimicrobiana"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ação antimicrobiana do óleo essencial de Piper Aduncum e dilapiol em infecções de pele
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-25) FERREIRA, Roseane Guimarães; MAIA, José Guilherme Soares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1034534634988402
Piper aduncum L. is a plant with several biological properties such as antimicrobial activity, which is mainly associated with the action of its essential oil rich in dilapiolle. In recent years, the occurrence of skin infections caused by bacteria and fungi increased considered shape. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oil of P. aduncum (OEPA) and dilapiolle, its major constituent, against pathogenic skin micro-organisms and their attachments. The antimicrobial activity was performed using the microdilution method and Forming Units count Cologne (UFC) for determining the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), the Bactericidal Concentration Minimum (CBM) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (CFM). These plant compounds were tested against the filamentous fungi dermatophytes (FFD) and not dermatophyte (FFND), gram-positive bacteria and yeast. The results showed Trichophyton mentagrophytes front (ATCC and clinical isolate), MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 for OEPA and dilapiolle and CFM 1500 and 1000 µg.mL-1 , respectively. For clinical isolates of Trichophyton rubrum and Epidermophyton floccosum the MIC values of 500μg.mL-1 and CFM 1500μg.mL-1 , were similar for the two compounds as well as Microsporum canis and Microsporum gypseum with MIC values of 250μg.mL-1 and CFM 500μg.mL-1 . The Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC FFND showed an MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and 7.8 μg.mL-1 and the clinical isolate strain MIC of 3.9μg.mL-1 and CFM 15.6 μg.mL-1 for both. However showed no activity against Candida albicans and the yeast bacteria Staphylococcus aureus in the concentrations used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividades antimicrobiana e antipromastigota de extratos e frações de Virola surinamensis (Rol ex Rottb.) Warb (Myristicaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-13) SARAIVA, Maria Elinete Veras; DOLABELA, Maria Fâni; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0458080121943649; SANTOS, Lourivaldo da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3232898465948962
The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of extracts and antipromastigota V. surinamensis and its fractions. To obtain the extracts have been used increasingly polar solvents (hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol) and the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated into open column chromatography, using as stationary phase silica gel and eluents such as mixtures of hexane and ethyl acetate gradient increasing polarity. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity was used in agar diffusion test being used the following microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The active fraction was subjected to microdilution, which determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In assessing the activity antipromastigota used the Leishmania amazonensis and L. chagasi, being determined the minimum inhibitory concentrations and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Extracts hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol were subjected to agar diffusion test, and there were no inhibitions of bacterial and fungal growth. Just FA3 ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the ethyl acetate extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus in the agar diffusion test. But in this fraction microdilution proved inactive (MIC> 1000μg / mL). Only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of L. amazonensis and L.chagasi. In short, only the hexane extract was active in promastigote forms of Leishmania.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação biológica dos extratos obtidos das sementes de Vatairea guianensis (Aublet).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-03-28) SILVA, Cléia Tereza Lamarão da; SOUSA, Pergentino José da Cunha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9909053957915090; CARVALHO, José Carlos Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4251174810000113
Medicinal plants are widely used and culturally in the amazon to treat various diseases.Much of these plants has not been scientifically invesgated especially on the aspects related to biological activitie.The species selected in this work is Vatairea guianensis, used in traditional medicine to treat skin infections such as cutaneous mycoses. This study evaluated the antibacterial activity in vitro of hydroethanolic extract, hexane, chloroform and methanol Vatairea guianensis seeds by microdilution method for obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterecoccus faecalis) and Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella sp). The study also evaluated the healing activity on open wounds in rats by topical aplication of the hydroethanolic extract, represented by G1 positive control (fibrinase), G2 negative control (saline) and experimental groups( G3 dose 500mg/kg, G4 250mg/kg,G5 100mg/kg) for seven days and the acute oral toxicity. Histological analysis of the healing process was evaluated by means of conventional technique including color HE and Picrossirius for observation of the inflammatory reaction histomorphological characteristics and descriptive analysis of collagen deposition, respectively. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms with an MIC ranging from 3,12μg/mL to 50μg/mL and MBC values 6,25μg/mL to 100μg/mL. In histological analysis, the hidroethanolic extract decreased the intensity of inflammation in the groups G1 and G3, stimulates the synthesis of collagen type III em G1, G3 and G4 and increased collagen synthesis in G2 and G5. The experiment with the hydroethanolic extract obtained from seeds of Vatairea guianensis appeared to slow down the healing process effect by preventing the formation of hypertrophic scar, suggesting a modulatory effect by extract. The acute toxicity evaluation in mouse revealed that the hydroethanlic extract showed low toxicity by the oral proceedings.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos de própolis em diferente maturação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-29) CHADA, Fabio José Garcia; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
The discovery and synthesis of antimicrobial comprise an element of paramount importance to health, however some of these substances have become obsolete due to the emergence of resistant microorganisms conventional therapy. Within the forms of treatment, natural products are an inexhaustible source of substances, including propolis, which is known worldwide due to its antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was the microbiological analysis of six propolis samples collected from regions Prudentópolis - PR , at different times of deposit hive, with up to 40 days of deposit (New Propolis) and another with over 180 days (Propolis old). The antimicrobial activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Enterococcus faecalis through testing microdilution plate with colorimetric assay using resazurin. At the end of the tests gave values ranging from 0.38 to 0.68 mg/ml to MIC new propolis and 0.34 to 1.3 mg/ml for the old to the microorganisms S. aureus and M. luteus having values close to both of these as well as the CBM between 0.38 to 1.62 and from 0.67 to 2.6 mg/ml, respectively. Similarly, for E. faecalis MIC values between 0.76 and 2.73 mg/ml for the new propolis and 2.72 and 1.34 mg/ml of the propolis old were made, and MBC values of 1.50 to 3.07 and 2.68 to 3.11 mg/ml, respectively, for samples 1V, 2N and 5N 5V CBM not observed for the concentrations studied. Gram- negative microorganisms were not sensitive to propolis. We conclude that the new propolis showed better antimicrobial activity, especially against S. aureus and M. luteus. However, the data also show that the values of MIC and MBC were very close between the different propolis, which was not evident reasons why the old propolis is discarded.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da composição química, atividade antioxidante e antimicrobiana do óleo de cipó-de-alho (Mansoa standleyi) (Steyerm.) A. H. Gentry (Bignoniaceae) obtido via extração supercítica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-05-31) URBINA, Glides Rafael Olivo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4433-6580
Mansoa standleyi is popularly known as "cipó-de-alho" because of its characteristic garlic odor (Allium sativum). The plant has an inhibitory effect on bacteria and fungi growth. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the oil obtained from M. standleyi leaves via supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and conventional extraction (Hydrodistillation). The SFE tests were performed using supercritical CO2, static extraction time of 30 min and dynamic time of 180 min, CO2 flow of 2.5 L/min and raw material mass of 10 g. The temperature and pressure variables were selected in order to obtain a difference in the CO2 density (𝜌𝐶𝑂2) in the 35 and 45 ºC isotherms combined with the pressure values of 100, 200, 300, and 400 bar. The results obtained allow us to verify that the global yield values of SFE on dry basis show significant differences between them (p≤0.05), with values varying from 0.87 to 2.02%. The highest average found refers to 400 bar/35 ºC condition (𝜌𝐶𝑂2 = 972.26 kg/m3). However, in Hydrodistillation extraction the oil yield was 0.14%. The results of phytochemical screening by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) evidenced the presence of terpenes, fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and flavonoids. It was demonstrated the presence of substances with antioxidant activity for all oils obtained with SFE, being observed a better identification in the oils obtained at high pressures. In the quantitative analysis of chemical composition, it was observed that the values ranged from 31.87 to 72.06 mg EAG/g oil in the content of total phenolic compounds. In relation to the antioxidant activity, the values ranged from 457.64 to 2475.55 EC50 expressed in g of oil/g of DPPH, the best results being obtained in the condition of 400 bar/35 ºC. In the fatty acid profiles of M. standleyi oil obtained by SFE, the results indicated that there was a difference in the fatty acids qualitative composition detected, in function of the operational extraction condition, where the presence of linoleic (≅95%), palmitic (≅12%), and oleic (≅5%) acid was observed. The chemical constituents identified in the obtained oil by Hydrodistillation were identified as sulfur compounds, phenols, and alcohols. The antimicrobial activity in vitro analysis showed that the oil obtained by SFE presents an antibacterial action against Stapphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Finally, M. standleyi oil represents an alternative for future use in the treatment of diseases caused by microorganisms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação in vitro da atividade antimicrobiana de extratos vegetais sobre microrganismos relacionados à lesão de mucosite oral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-10-14) ARAÚJO, Núbia Rafaela Ribeiro; VIEIRA, José Maria dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6807452375674442
Oral mucositis is the most common oral complication in patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Several microorganisms may be present in this oral lesion which complicates treatment. Antimicrobial property of plants has been studied in order to confirm its action and potential to control infectious diseases, mainly due to raise of antimicrobial known resistant microorganisms. Study aimed to observe inhibitory action of plant extracts from Arrabidaea chica, Bryophyllum calycinum, Mansoa alliacea, Azadirachta indica, Senna alata, Vatairea guianensis, Vismia guianensis, Ananas erectifolius, Psidium guajava, Euterpe oleracea and Symphonia globulifera on strains of microorganisms usually involved in lesions of oral mucositis, Streptococcus mitis (ATCC 903), Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC 10557), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Candida albicans (ATCC 40175), Candida krusei (ATCC 40147), and Candida parapsilosis (ATCC 40038). The evaluation of antimicrobial activity and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) were carried out using disk diffusion method on a solid medium. The raw extracts of plants were tested at concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, and 15.62 mg/mL using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as solvent. Anani and pirarucu extracts have presented the widest spectrum of action, inhibiting growth of seven microorganisms among the eight tested. The lowest MIC was obtained from anani, lacre, and mata pasto extracts. Anani extract was the most active and has demonstrated good antimicrobial activity (MIC below 100 mg / mL) against seven microorganisms (S. aureus, C. albicans, C. krusei, C. parapsilosis, S. mitis. S. sanguis, and S. mutans), showing inactivity only to P. aeruginosa. Lacre extract has shown good activity against five microorganisms. Faveira extract has shown good activity against S. aureus, S. mitis, and C. albicans while P. aeruginosa was the most resistant microorganism showing susceptibility only to pariri and pirarucu extracts. Among evaluated extracts, only curuauá have shown no activity on any microorganisms. The results have demonstrated antimicrobial properties of plant products tested. However, further approaches shall clarify mechanisms of action and possible interactions with antimicrobial drugs, aiming the treatment of infectious diseases.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeito de uma espécie do gênero Varronia sobre a viabilidade celular, atividade antimicrobiana, toxicidade dérmica aguda e o processo de cicatrização (in vitro e in vivo)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-09-09) RIBERA, Paula Cardoso; FONTES JÚNIOR, Enéas de Andrade; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7056265073849866; https://orcid.org/ 0000-0002-6186-9581
Tissue damage, particularly to the skin, results in damage to cell structures, layers, and lineages to the fullest extent. Under these conditions, wound healing is the physiological process responsible for tissue repair. Inflammation is an important stage in tissue repair and; therefore, a strong target for clinical studies. The species Varronia multispicata is popularly used for the treatment of bruises, with recently discovered anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. The present work aimed to investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Varronia multispicata leaves (VAR01) on cell viability, antimicrobial analysis, dermal toxicity, and in vitro and in vivo healing. In the in vitro assays, there were evaluated the cell viability in BALB/c 3T3 murine fibroblasts, the antimicrobial action by the microdilution method for determination of minimum inhibitory concentration and petri dish culture technique for the minimum bactericidal concentration. Healing assays were performed in cultured fibroblast monolayers. For in vivo assays in the dermal toxicity test, female Wistar rats were used and divided into the following groups: saline, 100mg/ml, 200mg/ml, and 1000mg/ml of VAR01; as for healing evaluation, Mus musculus mice were used and divided into 4 groups: sham, negative control, treated (VAR01 10%), and positive control (Dersani®). V. multispicata kept the cells viable for 24h, with reduction of fibroblasts in the 48h period at a concentration of 500 µg/ml. It showed no antimicrobial activity, presented in vitro and in vivo injury contraction capacity, did not promote death or behavioral changes, did not cause changes in water and feed intake, weight gain, relative weight, and organ histological analysis, showed a reduction in alkaline phosphatase concentrations in the group treated with 100 mg/ml extract when compared as control group. It was also revealed a reduction in alanine aminotransferase levels in the 100 mg/ml extract-treated group when compared to the control group. However, a significant increase in TGP concentrations was found in the 200 mg/ml group when compared to the control group. While assessing the degree of irritation, VAR01 did not show an irritant profile when administered acutely topically. Therefore, the extract is safe and of low toxicity, promising in the process of tissue regeneration with possible modulation in the inflammatory pathway, being a stimulating result for the following steps of biological activity evaluation and elucidation of the healing process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo do crescimento bacteriano na presença de óleos essenciais de Dysphania ambrosioides l. e Ocimum campechianum mill. para avaliar seus potenciais como antissépticos bucais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-31) MOURA, Luiziana Barbosa; SANTOS, Alberdan Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5976702134131016
The aromatic plants like Dysphania ambrosioides (mastruz) and Ocimum campechianum (Alfavaca), that are part of folk medicine in Brazil, have phenylpropanoids and terpenoids compounds in their essential oils as result of secondary metabolism that influence the adaptation and defense of these species in environment; particularly, defense against microrganisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils of D. ambrosioides and O. campechianum against pathogenic bacteria mouth. For this they used the disk diffusion method on agar and broth microdilution adapted. The plants were obtained in Santa Izabel do Pará, their leaves were washed and weighed; the essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation. After, the components of essential oils were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bacteria strains used were: Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 7469), Lactobacillus fermentum (ATCC 9338), Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), Streptococcus oralis (ATCC 10557) and Agregatibacter actinomycetencomitans (ATCC 29522). Bacterial suspensions were prepared for testing and 0.5 McFarland standard. As a positive control we adopted the digluconate of chlorhexidine 0.12%. Inhibition halos were observed for all samples in different concentrations of each essential oil (1%, 5%, 10%, 25%, 50% and 75%). The largest halos were found to A. actinomycetencomitans. In the microdilution test the basil oil inhibited the bacteria S. mutans, the main etiological factor for caries in concentration of 1%; mastruz the oil inhibited L. casei, microorganism that enhances the process of decay in concentrations from 10%; Both oils inhibited the growth of A. actinomycetemcomitans, and can be effective against periodontal disease caused by that pathogen. Plant species of this study produce secondary metabolites classes with potential applications in the development of dental products.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudos de pré-formulação e formulação de Heliotropium indicum (L.) DC (Boraginaceae)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-01-14) COSTA, Russany Silva da; SILVA JÚNIOR, José Otávio Carréra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4437885351749994
Heliotropium indicum L. (Boraginaceae) is a shrub, reaches up to 70 cm high. It is known as “fedegoso” in the north and northeast of Brazil. Because of the biological potential of this species, this work aims to determine the quality parameters of the vegetable drug to the final product and evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the leaves of H. indicum L. The purpose of obtaining a phytotherapic formulation semisolid, we used the parameters of quality control physical, chemical and physicalchemical described in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia and others literature. The vegetable drug was classified as coarse powder, showed values of loss on drying and total ash of 12.88% and 17.14%, respectively. The thermogravimetric analysis of the powder and the extract showed that both had good physical stability up to 180 °C. The spectra in the region IR showed an increase in the intensity of the absorption bands of the extract, which may relates to the extraction of chemical constituents of the cellular matrix. The prospecting chemical extract confirmed the presence of classes of secondary metabolites already reported in literature. The chloroform fraction suggests the presence of alkaloids by precipitation test with Dragendorff reagent. The TLC and HPLC showed a possible presence of the same substance in the alkaloidal and hexane fractions. The crude extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus with halos of 12.5 mm ± 0.707 and 10.5 ± 0.707 mm for concentrations of 500 and 250 mg / mL, respectively. The physical mixtures of the extract with adjuvant pharmaceutical used to develop the phytotherapic formulation showed no physical incompatibility and no significant changes in the absorption profile of the compounds analyzed. The phytotherapic formulation semi-solid has a good stability after the preparation, after the submission of the gel by centripetal force and after the action of heat stress.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Geoprópolis produzida por diferentes espécies de abelhas: atividades antimicrobiana e antioxidante e determinação do teor de compostos fenólicos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-15) LIMA, Marcus Vinicius Dias de; MONTEIRO, Marta Chagas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6710783324317390
Among meliponineos or stingless bees the most important are Melipona quadrifasciata (Mandaçaia), Melipona marginata (Manduri) and Tetragonisca angustula (Jataí). One of their product is geopropolis, a balsamic and resinous substance with complex chemical composition, collected from shoots, seepage and other parts of the plant tissue by these bees, which transformed it through enzymatic process by adding secretions and earth or clay, alone or in combination. Among the chemicals components, highlights the presence of phenolic compounds, diterpenes, triterpenes, essential oils and many other. The most studied propolis activity are antibacterial and antifungal, in addition to antiviral, immunomodulatory, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. Therefore this work aim to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, through determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity assay (TEAC), beyond the determination of the levels of flavonoids and phenolics compounds (Folin-Cioucalteu method and complexation with aluminum chloride, respectively) using geopropolis samples from different bees species (Melipona quadrifasciata, Melipona marginata and Tetragonisca angustula). All the geopropolis samples exhibit antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria, wherein the Manduri Bee showed the lowest MIC and MBC; only Mandaçaia species showed moderate activity against gram-negative bacteria. The Manduri's geopropolis showed higher content of phenolics compounds and flavonoids, followed by Mandaçaia's geopropolis and both were in accordance with the parameters established by current legislation, wherein the Manduri's geopropolis also present high total antioxidant levels compared with other bees. It was noted that the antimicrobial activity of geopropolis extracts were not directly associated with high levels of phenolic compounds, including flavonoids.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obtenção de gordura das sementes de Ucuúba (Virola surinamensis) por meio de extração com CO2 em estado supercrítico: rendimento global, dados cinéticos, ácidos graxos totais e atividade antimicrobiana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-28) CORDEIRO, Renato Macedo; CARVALHO JÚNIOR, Raul Nunes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5544305606838748
The Virola surinamensis, popularly known as ucuúba, is a typical tree found in floodplain habitats and along rivers in the Amazon region. The fat extracted from the seeds has a high melting point and is a product appreciated by the cosmetic industry. The objective of this work was to study the extraction of ucuúba seed fat using supercritical fluid and compare, in terms of process yield and composition of the extracts, with those obtained from the organic solvent extraction technique (via soxhlet). The extraction technique Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) was used because it is regarded as a clean technology, economically attractive, and environmentally safe, avoiding the consumption of large amounts of organic solvents, which are often expensive and potentially harmful. The supercritical extracts of ucuúba seeds were obtained at temperatures of 40, 60 and 80 °C, combined with a pressure of 350 bar, the solvent density varied between 789.2 and 935.6 kg / m3, and a flow of 2.7 L / min. The highest yield obtained using supercritical CO2 was 64.39% for the extraction condition of 350 bar and 80 °C. The yield for the extraction via soxhlet was 61.38%. The mass transfer models of Goto et al. (1993), Esquivel et al. (1999), Tan and Lio (1989), Barton (1991) and Martinez et al. (2003) were employed to describe the extraction kinetics using supercritical fluid. The models that best described the extraction kinetics, with low average deviations, were the models of Martinez et al. (2003) and Goto et al. (1991). The fatty acid profile analysis showed that the ucuúba fat is composed predominantly of saturated fatty acids, mainly of myristic and lauric acids. The antimicrobial activity of the fats obtained was tested on the following organisms: Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Only the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus showed zone of inhibition, ranging from 10 to 11 mm.