Navegando por Assunto "Atores sociais"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Conflitos socioambientais, capital e dendeicultura: as estratégias das empresas de dendê e suas contradições na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-01) SANTOS, Amanda Rayana da Silva; LOPES, Luís Otávio do Canto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1013147545099173; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863
The Amazon region over the years, has gone through several transformations in its political structures, social and economic characteristics that are expressed so provocative and confrontational. The expansion of dendeicultura in the Amazon region of Pará, exemplifies this type of relationship conflict and asymmetric powers, caused by the disparity of interests among social actors. The research aims to analyze the role of the main companies producing palm oil about the environmental conflicts in the region of northeastern Pará. In this way, it was necessary to present the environmental conflict initiated due to the high concentration of palm and finally, build an analysis of the positioning of the main social actors involved, as well as their respective foreign powers, emphasizing the ventures of palm oil. In order to meet the aims of the research, we opted for the use of the approach of the political economy of the Environment, with the use of the macro-analysis. We used a set of research tools as documentary analysis with official information and application of non-structured interview with family farmers and their representatives (unions) to identify the issues that fomentava the socioenvironmental conflict in the municipalities and the technicians and leaders of three major oil palm companies which operate in northeastern Pará, to know the actions that the enhanced use to resolve these conflicts. Issues were identified as the process of formalizing the work, monitoring of child labor, provision of accounts, absence of technical assistance, failure in the delivery of the fertilizer, transportation at the point of collection, payment of the bunch of fresh fruit, use of pesticides and invasion of Earth, which relate to the conflict. The social actors involved are the oil palm companies, financing bank and family farmer, maintaining respect of asymmetry of power. Thus, this study showed that the companies of palm oil, owner of high economic power and symbolic, assumes the role of dominating the conflict. On the other hand, in spite of this, the oil palm companies seek strategies to mediate in the conflict, moved by economic interests and/or manifestation of family farmers. In this sense, the apparent environmental conflict carries great importance in changes in the way businesses manage the environmental conflict.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A Relação entre unidade de conservação e governança a partir da área fronteiriça entre Brasil e Bolívia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-27) SANTOS, Adria Macedo dos; SIMONIAN, Ligia Terezinha Lopes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6620574987436911; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6690-7244
This thesis deals with environmental governance in protected areas and their surroundings, located in the Amazon context, more precisely in the border zone between Brazil and Bolivia. The investigation consists of looking for answers regarding how the social actors who participate directly or indirectly in PA, articulate and enable collective and specific actions, in order to positively impact the construction of governance in these areas, with a view to biodiversity conservation. The study starts from the hypothesis that, although the bases that establish an environmental governance process in the PAs are defined by the State, the participation of social actors is a determining condition for the preservation of its ecosystem. That said, it should be noted that the research aims to comparatively analyze the construction of environmental governance from the perspective of collective action in: ESEC Taiamã and Guajará-Mirim State Park (PEGM), in Brazil, and Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado (PNNKM), in Bolivia, to consider, mainly, what is done by various social actors with regard to the conservation of these units. For this, it was based on theoretical notions that address the concept and application of environmental governance, conservation units, sustainability and their connections with social participation. The methodological bases of this thesis are based on qualitative research, the corpus of the analysis was constituted based on primary data, bibliographical sources, field research, interviews and photographic records. The results reveal, in summary, that the participation and engagement of social actors in these PAs are crucial for the governance process and the protection of biodiversity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Território rural de identidade Litoral Norte do Rio Grande do Sul: o caráter inovador de sua constituição e seus desdobramentos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-06) MEDEIROS, Monique; CAZELLA, Ademir Antonio; TECCHIO, Andréia
This paper analyzes the constitution of the Rural Territory Identity of the North Coast of Rio Grande do Sul, emphasizing the importance of the innovative character of the sociotechnical articulations that supported it. In order to do this, the field information obtained, between August 2013 and April 2016, with social mediators and farming families, through participant observation and semistructured interviews, were analyzed in light of the theoretical approach of Novelty Production. The research shows that the constitution of this territory radiates consequences beyond the socioeconomic reproduction of family farmers, strengthening social bonds and reconnecting them to nature. Still, given the current Brazilian political-economic context and the contingency of public policies aimed at family agriculture, the organizational novelty that configures this territory is evidenced as a constant process of "learning-doing", not being solely the result of a relationship of cause and effect, which thrives merely with the support of the State.