Navegando por Assunto "Bayer process"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Absorção de gases da queima de combustíveis fósseis em torre de recheio estruturado utilizando lama vermelha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-11) SANTOS, Iara Ferreira; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; SOUZA, Célio Augusto Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0800747860976046
The production of alumina from the Bayer process produces 1-3 tons of waste per ton of aluminum. This residue is known red mud, compound of minerals insoluble in concentrated sodium hydroxide, hematite and other iron oxides, quartz and titanium oxides. The red mud has in its composition varied levels of NaOH, depending on the specific industrial plant used. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the process of absorption of gases from a boiler countercurrent with a suspension of red mud, in a spray tower and a packed column. Experiments were performed varying the type of absorption tower, temperature of the liquid phase and solids content in liquid phase to evaluate the reduction in content of gases of combustion in the output of absorption tower and pH variation with time of operation, it was possible to identify the time required for the occurrence of red mud neutralization, and also a reduction in the content of carbon dioxide, thereunto were performed measurements of the concentrations of gasesin the input and output packed column, and also measurements of temperature and pH. The absorption of CO2 existing in the gases of combustion for suspension of red mud occurs by the carbonation process, where the gas reacts with NaOH present in red mud, with water as catalyst. The results obtained after the experiments were satisfactory, and it was concluded that the process performed in absorption towers is efficient for pH reduction of red mud and reducing the content of CO2 freed to atmosphere, providing a double profit for the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização mineralogica do agregado obtido a partir da lama vermelha do processo bayer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-27) REIS, André Wilson da Cruz; NEVES, Roberto de Freitas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9559386620588673; MARTELLI, Marlice Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1213009262936026
The industrial activities increasingly generate a lot of waste and by-products being stored in the environment, with physicochemical characteristics which can most often be reused. The red mud residue from the Bayer process, is being studied for use in the production of synthetic aggregates, which aims to replace natural aggregates used in construction. This work studies the physical, chemical and mineralogical characteristics of the aggregates synthesized from a mixture of red mud, clay, sand and charcoal in 4 compositions, varying amounts of red mud and clay. The raw materials were pretreated and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence, X - ray diffraction, thermal and particle size analysis. The samples were calcined at 1200 °C for 4 hours. Then subjected to analysis by X-ray diffraction, X- ray fluorescence, differential thermal analysis and scanning for characterization and physical tests electron microscopy. For the study of the observation of synthetic mullite aggregate specimens embedded in resin, and adding 5% HF for 3 to 4 minutes were made. The material presented after sintering, apparent specific gravity average below 2 g\cm3 main crystalline phases by XRD quartz and hematite and the presence of mullite from the HF treatment can be observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo e avaliação do uso de resíduos do processo Bayer como matéria-prima na produção de agregados sintéticos para a construção civil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-03) SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; QUARESMA, João Nazareno Nonato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7826389991864785
The large amount of solid waste coming from mines and metallurgical industries became a serious social-environmental problem. The physical and chemical features of this material can raise a great interest in other industries. The ceramic industry might be a great costumer for most of this material, since it can supply the current lack of raw material. The red mud, main industrial residue of the alumina manufacturing, has been a very interesting input for several kinds of aggregates manufacturing used for the concrete production in civil engineering. In this context, this paper deals with studies concerning the red mud recycling to be applied as raw material for the synthetic light aggregate production to be used as an alternative material in the civil construction industry. This is because of its physical-chemical features and the large amount annually produced (around 10 million tons within two factories in the North of Brazil). The studies completed in this work show the feasibility of aggregates manufacturing, with different properties and possibilities. These properties depend on the parameters control such as content of free silica and clay, and the sintering temperature. Such variables allow to perfectly controlling the glassy phase formation which is responsible for the aggregate properties such as: porosity, mechanical resistance and density. This material can be used for conventional or special concretes to supply the civil engineering needs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo hidrometalúrgico de compostos de titânio proveniente do resíduo do processo Bayer
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-03-28) QUARESMA, Danielly da Silva; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
Studies performed in the Bayer process residue, red mud, for recycling this material has been intensified by their physicochemical characteristics. The residue has several oxides, these stands out the iron oxide content above 30% by weight and titanium oxide at concentrations above 5% by weight. This work studies the possibility of extracting iron oxide, aiming at concentration of titanium compounds. The extraction was carried through process of calcination of red mud at 900°C followed by acid leaching with concentration of H2SO4 at 20% and 30% by volume at 60°C, 80°C and 90°C, with removal of an aliquot every 30 minutes. During the leaching process, there was intense extraction of iron compounds, resulting in an increased concentration of titanium at the red mud. This was found in all experiments, especially those which were performed at 90°C and H2SO4 at 30% v/v, where was a extraction of 95% iron and concentration of up to 14% titanium considering the global mass balance. From the data obtained, the red mud becomes an interesting material to be used as an alternative source of minerals titanium, which are found in nature with a percentage of around 8%.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do uso de resíduo do processo bayer nas propriedades térmicas e mecânicas de compósitos de base polimérica reforçados com fibra de curauá (Ananas lucidus. Mill)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-05-15) CUNHA, Edinaldo José de Sousa; QUARESMA, João Nazareno Nonato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7826389991864785; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
In this work it was produced composite isophthalic polyester, using red mud (RM) and fibers of carded curaua (FCC) randomly oriented and aligned with and without red mud. The composites were made by hand lay-up process and compression molding. Isophthalic polyester plates were produced composites with polyester matrix and composites with RM and RM and FCC. Physical, thermal and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. It was found that the increase in RM in 30% (v/v) improves the mechanical, thermal and physical properties of the composites. The addition of 25% (v/v) FCC and RM 5% (v/v) recovering at 84% the modulus of elasticity compared to composite with 10% (v/v) and 5% FCC RM. In composites with 5% FCC randomly oriented and 30% (v/v) RM has 29% recovery of the modulus of elasticity. In composites with 25% (v/v) shows RM to be effective flame retardancy. LV is the influence of the thermal conductivity of the composite isophthalic polyester with increased (92% to 0 ° C) (71% at 25 ° C) (69% at 50 °C) composites with 30% LV compared with the matrix. The red mud and curaua fiber may be important inputs in composite isophthalic polyester, for the production of panels, walls, doors and internal partitions for construction.