Navegando por Assunto "Brachiaria humidicola"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aleloquímico produzido pela gramínea forrageira Brachiaria humidicola
(2005-03) SOUZA FILHO, Antonio Pedro da Silva; PEREIRA, Angela Albertina Gaspar; BAYMA, Joaquim de Carvalho
The traditional methods of weed control in cultivated pasture do not meet society's present and future needs of protecting natural resources and life quality. An alternative to this problem could be the use of secondary metabolites produced by plants. These products present few risks to the environment and meet society interests. Therefore, this research was carried out to isolate, identify and characterize the allelopathic activity of chemical compounds produced by the forage grass Brachiaria humidicola. The allelopathic effects of the extracts, fractions and compound were tested on seed germination and root elongation of the weeds Mimosa pudica, Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis. Germination bioassays were developed under 25 ºC and a photoperiod of 12 hours. For root elongation, the bioassay conditions were 25 ºC and photoperiod of 24 hours. Hydromethanolic extract was used as a source for isolating and identifying p-coumaric acid. The allelopathic effects were positively related to p-coumaric acid concentration, weed species and the evaluated parameter. Comparatively, S. occidentalis and M. pudica showed the greatest sensitivity to the allelopathic effects. For S. obtusifolia no allelopathic effects promoted by p-coumaric acid on seed germination or on root elongation could be detected under the concentration of 1.0 and 8.0 mg L-1. Root elongation was more sensitive to p-coumaric acid allelophatic effects than seed germination.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Banco de sementes de plantas daninhas em solo cultivado com pastagens de Brachiaria brizantha e Brachiaria humidicola de diferentes idades
(2001-08) SILVA, Débora Soraya Martins da; DIAS FILHO, Moacyr Bernardino
The objective of this work was to study the soil seed bank of a four-year-old Brachiaria brizantha pasture soil, and in pasture soils of four, 15 and 20 year–old Brachiaria humidicola, in northeastern Pará, Brazil, to evaluate the influence of the forage species and pasture age on weed seed bank size and composition. Each pasture area was divided into five plots of about 500 m², from which 10 soil sub-samples were collected at a depth of 0-10 cm. The soil from each plot was mixed, identified, placed in plastic trays, and put to germinate in a greenhouse during a 15-month period. The seed bank of the four-year-old B. brizantha pasture soil was about 10 times smaller than that in the four-year-old B. humidicola pasture. Among the B. humidicola pasture, the effect of pasture age showed that the weed seed bank was smaller in the 20-year-old pasture (1,247 seeds m-2). No significant difference could be detected between the 15- (11602 seeds m-2) and the four-year-old (9486 seeds m -2) pastures. The botanical families Cyperaceae, Rubiaceae and Labiateae were the most predominant among the weeds infesting all studied treatments.