Navegando por Assunto "Brasil - País"

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Aborto, sexualidade e direitos humanos em escritos do Judiciário
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) SOUZA, Estella Libardi de; BELTRÃO, Jane Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6647582671406048
Based on the fundamental principles provided by the Human Rights - equality, freedom and respect for human dignity – this paper discusses women's right to abortion. It examines how, in recent decades, the demand for the legalization of abortion was established as a right to abortion, especially by the feminist movement in the context of social struggles in Brazil, and how this right was inserted into the speech of Human Rights, from the theoretical formulation and normative construction of sexual and reproductive rights. Contextualizes the denial of women's right to abortion in the context of gender norms and regulations about sexuality. Discusses the possibility of recognition of this right by the Brazilian judiciary, by analyzing processes on abortion in Belém (PA) and judgments of the superior courts relating to claims for judicial authorization for termination of pregnancy in cases of severe fetal anomalies. The examination of the legal practice of abortion in Brazil reveals that the judiciary is a battlefield in which the right to abortion is still in dispute.
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Ação afirmativa para o trabalhador velho
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-12-19) SILVA JÚNIOR, Paulo Isan Coimbra da; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O acesso à educação superior pelas populações do campo, na universidade pública: um estudo do PRONERA, PROCAMPO e PARFOR, na Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-06-20) BRITO, Márcia Mariana Bittencourt; HAGE, Salomão Antonio Mufarrej; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1723722364556016
The present studies have focus in the thematic of the populations of the field accessing at public university, with base in the analysis of PRONERA – which is The National Education Program in the Agrarian Reform, from PROCAMPO - Program of Support to the Superior Formation in Peasant Education Licentiate and PARFOR -National Formation of Teachers from the Basic Education Plan, from Federal University of Pará. The research analyzes the scenery of the Superior Education and the modifications in the access system to the university, it presents a panorama about the initiatives of access of the peasants, analyzing courses, financial resources, statistical data and presenting a cartography of the programs in Brazil and in the State of Pará. In the intention of reaching the general objective, which was to analyze the access forms to peasants to the Superior Education, in the period after Law 9.394/96, we opted for a methodology of dialectic approaching, we analyze social, political, and economic relationships established in the context of people's access to higher education rural. It must be clear that we do not take the dialectical method par excellence, because we believe that there are many elements that it cannot be applied by us in the time that research suggests due to only that perspective would allow us the analysis of the reality in subject, looking for the support in the exploration of bibliographies and in the technique of analyses of documents, for subsequent systematic, organization and analysis of the statistical data and of the collected information along the research. The results of the investigation lead to a new axis of analysis of the Superior Education thematic - the Peasant Superior Education, once the access of the peasants, with differentiated methodologies and ruled in the referential of the Peasant Education, became a reality in Brazil. The research points to the amplification of the access to the public universities, with base in the principle conquered by the fight of the social movements and of the peasant education movement, as well as it was identified other particularities that don't match, at first, with what it would be an educational politics leads to the peasant, as it is the case of PARFOR, that, although it is not created properly to assist the peasant students, it has, in Pará, contemplated a significant portion of students/teachers who work in peasant schools.
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As ações afirmativas como instrumento de inclusão social: uma análise à luz da teoria da igualdade de recursos de Ronald Dworkin
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) VALENTE, Karla Rafaelli Ribeiro; BRITO FILHO, José Cláudio Monteiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7823839335142794
This study intends to discuss affirmative action as able instruments to promote the social inclusion of vulnerable groups, specifically black people. We try to justify the use of affirmative actions by the State from the perspective of distributive justice, from the conception of the theory of “equality of resources”, developed by c. To justify the use of these measures, we set from the Dworkin's liberal political theory, trying to analyze the values that comprise it, whice are: liberty, equality and community. Inside this discussion of the justification for affirmative action, we established that they should be guided by the criteria of justice, adequacy and efficiency, under penalty of being unconstitutional and innocuous. We understand that this discussion fits perfectly to the Brazilian reality, which is marked by profound social exclusion. Furthermore, any analysis of the substantive content of equality needs take place in the context of a “normative political theory”. That’s why we choose to study this question from Dworkin's theory, which is consistent with the precepts contained in CRFB/1988. After forming this fundamental basis, we start to analyze the case in Brazil, taking as a paradigm the policy adopted by UFPA through Resolution nº. 3.361/2005/CONSEP, investigating whether the measure adopts the minimum retro-mentioned criteria.
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Ações afirmativas: a constitucionalidade da política de cotas para negros em universidades brasileiras
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-01) ALMEIDA, Thaiana Bitti de Oliveira; RAIOL, Raimundo Wilson Gama; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6271053538285645
The object of this work is to demonstrate the possibility of implement quota for black people in brazilian universities aiming to reach material equality throughout affirmative actions, as a way of minimalizing the consequences of historically cultivated prejudices that are still alive in our society under forms of discrimination. To accomplish this goal, we have proceeded to the analysis of the principle of equality and non-discrimination, linked to the principle of human dignity according to Ingo Sarlet's formulations. Afterwards, the theories of justice by John Rawls and Ronald Dworkin, named justice as equity and equity of resources, are studied as well as their relations with affirmative programs. Proceeding the research, we have studied the affirmative actions and the quota policies toward brazilian universities, tracing the characteristics of Brazil's academic population and highlighting the importance of equally ensuring the access to higher education. We analyze the criterion of justice, compatibility and efficacy identified by Brito Filho, the same ones that justify the implementation of quota and that are present in Ronald Dworkin's work, applying each of them to brazilian reality. Finally, we have demonstrated the quota policies' constitutionality in Brazil under the pluralist view about this subject that comes from Federal Supreme Court.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adenopatia cervical tuberculosa em crianças: aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1998-03-22) FIGUEIREDO, Erika Maria Riebisch de; AYRES, Manuel; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1649810738276000
Tuberculosis remains a serious public health problem, and in Brazil, the principal agent for this disease is the Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In infancy, among extrapulmonary forms, one of the most frequent and less studied is that involves the superficial lymph nodes. In order to determine the incidence and to know the epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features of lymph nodes tuberculosis, between January, 1995 to December, 1996, in the attendance outpatient unit of Hospital Ofir Loiola, it was enrolled 73 children from both sexes, aged 0 to 14 years, with enlargement of the cervical lymph nodes. The samplewas divided in 2 groups: in the first group, it was located 61 patients with adenopathy from etiologies other than tuberculosis, while 12 patients with cervical tuberculosis adenopathy took part in the second group. In this study, concerning tuberculosis adenopathy, for one hundred thousand in habitants,in the metropolitan area of Belem, it was observed an year rate incidence of 1.03 . Regarding adenopathy from other etiologies, the incidence was 4.27 and 6.15, in 1995 and 1996, respectively. The great majority of childhood adenopathy (64.4%) was nonspecific, although, when it was considered just those of known etiology, the relative risk of being tuberculosis was1.17. In both groups, the greatest incidence of cervical adenopathy was observed among preschool male children. However, when it was made a comparative analysis between the groups, there were no statistic significative differences toward age, sex, nutritional status, clinical symptom onset, type and characteristics of the affected lymph nodes. Disturbance in the nutritional status may have played a role to enhance the morbidity in 41.7% of the tuberculosis cases. The evidence of a cervical mass was the main symptom in the 2 studied groups, though, 75.1% of children with lymph node tuberculosis also had a general involvement of other lymph nodes chains. All children with cervical lymph node enlargement, which proved later to be of tuberculosis etiology had at least one month of illness course, and in such circumstances, a cold abscess represented the main symptom in 25% of them. It was possible to identify the sourceof infection in 1/3 of patients. Among children with tuberculosis, 63.6% had a positive tuberculin skin test, with a reaction 210 mm. Considering all bacteriologic procedures performed, culture turned to be the main element to tuberculosis diagnosis, with 100% positive results; while baciloscopy had little importance. Histopatologic exams showed granulomatosis lesions suggesting tuberculosis, in 88.9% of the sample. Concomitant pulmonary involvement was observed in 27.3% of children with lymph node tuberculosis. A good therapeutic response was seen using the pattern scheme adopted by Health Ministery, with out adverse reactions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Agronegócio do dendê: evolução no Estado do Pará, no Brasil e no Peru
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-03) VÁSQUEZ, Jorge Arturo Mori; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
Oil palm monoculture is increasing in the world and in the entire Amazonian watershed. It is therefore necessary to have a scientific insight on the applied public policies of this sector, it is also important to assess the influence of technological changes in order to enhance positive impacts and to neutralize or mitigate negative impacts. It was used an evolutionary approach to determine the influence of; public policy of tax exemptions and credits (which allowed a strong initial capitalization of companies in the sector), the creation or adaptation of state organizations (to promote the development of plantations), as well as the technological development of breeding, pest management (to increase the production), harvest of fresh fruit branches (to reduce cost and increase production) and the treatment process of extraction palm oil waste (to allow the environmental license) in the development of oil palm agribusiness in the Brazilian state of Para and Peru. A survey was conducted to get some information from the current local farmers and it was also done a historical study on the public policy of tax exemptions, credits and the creation of state institutions or the changes that they experienced, such as the technological changes in this agribusiness. The similar issues found in Para and Peru were: (i) the states with public funds, are those who created this monoculture, (ii) they created organizations/institutions and legal regulations to promote its development; and (iii) at the beginning, tax releases were established to favor only large companies but in recent years these policies allowed direct access to credits to microproducers, it has increased the social base defense of this crop against to opponent ecologist groups. It was found a "predisposition" of the authorities to promote this monoculture and the acceptance of the local farmers due to the permanent "income." It suggested that better public policy in addition to better decisions of the public and private enterprises and the use of superior technology brought together higher production levels of palm oil fresh fruit in Para and Peru, and the increase of planting areas in the last years. Moreover the palm oil waste treatment in both countries is considered as an extra cost and it is only done by big enterprises. It was concluded that the state play the role of player-mediator, which main role was the promotion and development of this monoculture, likewise, the technological development facilitated to the increase of production levels, it supports even more to the promotion of palm oil monoculture in both states.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Álbum de leitura de Rachel de Queiroz
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-08-31) SILVA, Joana Angélica de Souza; SALES, Germana Maria Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8723885160615840
In Brazil, in the decades of 1930 to 1960, a novel collection became very popular and consumed by young women from the medium class. These romances were translated and edited by Companhia Editora Nacional (SP), they were sold all over the country with the title Coleção Biblioteca das moças. The collection was composed by 175 volumes and most of them were written by M. Delly (35 volumes). M. Delly was a pseudonym of a couple of French brothers – Fréderic Henri Petitjean de La Rosiére (1870 – 1949) and Jeanne-Marie Henriette Petitjean de La Rosiére (1875-1947). One of the readers of this collection was Rachel de Queiroz (who will be emphasized in this work). Rachel in one of her books called Tantos Anos – Uma biografia, mentions three books from this collection: Corações Inimigos, Freirinha and Mitsi. Rachel, exactly like other thousand of Brazilian readers, found in these books an escape of this sad reality. Knowing the importance that this collection had for the feminine public during the decades of 30 to 60, this work intends to talk about the well succeed relation between the books of this collection and the readers, and wants to recover the image of the empiric writer Rachel de Queiroz.
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Análise da qualidade da informação no setor de saneamento básico: em busca da inteligência estratégica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-17) CONDURÚ, Marise Teles; PONTE, Marcos Ximenes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0120823127408114
This study talks about the informational dimension of the basic sanitation section, and has as objective to analyze the quality of the available information in sources of information used in the planning of the section. For that, the government bases of information were analyzed, the National System of Information on Sanitation 2009 (SNIS), the National Research of Basic Sanitation 2008 (PNSB), the National Research for Sample of Homes 2009 (PNAD) and the Demographic Census 2010, in the national ambit, and the Service of Information of the State of Pará 2009 (SIE). The analysis was accomplished through the Diagram of Pareto, the cause and effect Diagram of Ishikawa as well as the attributes of information as: up to date, inclusion, reliability, precision and pertinence, besides, the specialists' of the section opinion was investigated. In the 15 problems evidenced in the reduction of the quality of the information in basic sanitation, five of them are considered vital and they influence the other problems, as: the) interaction lack with other areas; b) inadequate periodicity of dissemination of the information; c) lack of detail of the information; d) inadequate forms of collection; e) inadequate information organization. Starting from the verification of the fragilities in the dimension informational in basic sanitation, the information was analyzed used in two instruments of planning of the section, the National Plan of Basic Sanitation (PLANSAB) and the Pluri Annual Plan of the state of Pará 2008/2011, (PPA 2008/2011). The conclusion of this thesis is that, in the moment, the information available for the planning of the section are out of to date, incomplete, imprecise, irrelevant and mistrust. Therefore, actions of strategic intelligence were recommended to improve the quality of the information of the section, being defined the what and where to collect, how to systematize, to analyze, to disseminate, to evaluate and to monitoring the information, seeking to contribute for the planning, definition of investments, installment of the services, regulation, inspection and social control, in agreement with the guidelines of the National Politics of Basic Sanitation, Law n. 11.445/2007, that has as one of the fundamental beginnings the universalization of the access to population to the services of basic sanitation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise de documentos que compõem as noções acerca das práticas de "exploração de trabalhadores rurais": um estudo genealógico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) GOMES, Geise do Socorro Lima; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132595498104759
This paper presents a foucauldian genealogical analysis concerned discursive practices of power directed at workers, especially in rural areas, which constitute the object of "slave labor". We started from the different nomenclatures that are used to describe the practices of exploitation of workers in Brazil, to give visibility to the different fields struggle which materialize in objectification and subsequent subjectivity of these workers. We hypothesized that there is in this power-knowledge game disputes involving government control practices and biopolitical mechanisms operated by various segments that are called upon to arbitrate about people lives through the scope of work. Each nomenclature, thus, would occupy a strategic position in order to "defend", "represent" the field of knowledge which speaks about. These disputes culminate in the production of documents, some of whom were chosen to be analyzed in this work dissertational. These are documents of national and international level, so that these practices were problematized in two levels, as they realize they both interpolate and sometimes they are rivaled each other in creating strategies and tactics conducted for the care and management of workers. Thus, it was found, throughout cut series of documents over, that grows a demand for application of punishment of those found guilty of carrying out exploitative practices, and among others approached series, there is an extension of a tutelary complex, which begins to be encouraged to control and surveillance of workers, encouraged by international organizations like the International Labour Organization, and other movements and civil society groups, which help in producing public politics that often end up functioning as a form of control risks that possibly these workers are subordinate, using statistics to justify their interventions. Take notice, therefore, that a paradox of biopower pass over these practices, placing them in a field of management and control of life, where we ask ourselves: indeed are the human rights and dignity of these people taken into account or only occupy a place within the field of possible events to be controlled by practices of governmentality? We conclude by trying to articulate these issues to the production of names used to describe the practices of exploitation of workers by placing them in government strategies of the population.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma análise do acontecimento "crianças e jovens em risco"
(2014-04) LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; SCHEINVAR, Estela; NASCIMENTO, Maria Lívia do
This article discusses the risk event, from a historical and political perspective. It presents an overview of the debate on this analytical category, denaturalizing it. In the second part of the text, we seek to weave a description of how the risk event came on the scene in the policy of protection of children and young people as a strategic means of social protection and prevention. Then, it analyzes how risk management is materialized in the practices of the guardianship council members in Brazil, following the approval of the Statute of Children and Adolescents. The guardianship council becomes a central board of management of deviations in behalf of full protection. We conclude that managing risks involves governing behaviors out of the logic of a safety society.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do dano neural em pacientes hansenianos e na coinfecção HIV/ Hanseníase através de duas coortes clínicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) BATISTA, Keila de Nazaré Madureira; XAVIER, Marília Brasil; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0548879430701901
In Brazil where leprosy is endemic and where HIV infection continues to expand and internalizing, if expected to find an increased prevalence of individuals living with both leprosy and HIV / AIDS, but there are few reports on the neurological damage that can cause overlapping. The aim of this study was to investigate nerve damage in leprosy leprosy patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus, compared with leprosy coinfected not at the beginning of treatment and at discharge, through two clinical cohorts. The sample consisted of 99 patients of whom 46 had coinfection MH / HIV and only 53 leprosy, these patients were seen at the outpatient clinic of the Center for Tropical Medicine and evaluated by the Simplified Technique. As a result there was a predominance of males, aged between 15 and 45 and the origin of the Metropolitan Region of Belém In group coinfection MH / HIV were prevalent in these paucibacillary patients and the presence of neuritis , abnormal sensitivity , motor abnormalities, presence of disability and neural damage was higher in this group than in the MH. In group predominated MH multibacillary patients and the presence of these neuritis, abnormal sensitivity, motor abnormalities, presence of disability and nerve damage was higher in this group than in coinfected MH / HIV. Monitoring of patients coinfected MH / HIV there was a small reduction in the presence of failure and nerve damage while in the MH group monitoring the presence of disability remained increased and nerve damage. In the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was found that in patients MH was maintaining the chance of the patient remains without nerve damage, while in the coinfected patients group, was observed a reduction in the chance of the patient to keep without nerve damage the end of treatment. Thus it is concluded that the neural damage behaves differently in the two groups manner, predominantly in the paucibacillary group coinfected patients coinfected and not in multibacillary patients, but with the same gravity, which is troubling since diagnosing this damage at the beginning of the appearance of leprosy is still a problem for public health.
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Análise do desempenho energético de edificações: aplicação analítica do RTQ-C no Edifício do Ceamazon
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-27) OLIVEIRA, Bruno Gabriel Freitas; FRANCO, Irving Montanar; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4254203203850909
One major barrier to economic development is the growing global demand for energy and the consequent increase in the use of natural resources to provide it. Developing countries such as Brazil, showed progressive energy consumption per capita in recent years. Although the majority is from hydroelectric plants (non-polluting sources) its construction causes great environmental impact. Percentage of all energy generated, buildings are responsible for the consumption of approximately 40 % and this percentage is likely to increase by the growth of the construction industry in the country. Regarding the problem, the fight against waste, streamlining and sustainable use of energy consumed by buildings are directly linked to the reduction of environmental impact, delaying the need for increased national energy matrix. In this context is created the Technical Regulation of Quality Level Energy Efficiency Commercial Buildings, and Public Service (RTQ - C). This work consists of a critical application of the RTQ - C using a prescriptive methodology, with the focus aspects of their applicability and evaluation of thermal comfort and luminal, with the premise that the high energy performance of the building is fully achieved only when conditions are guaranteed satisfactory environmental comfort to users. Therefore it was necessary to step thorough data collection and measurements "in situ" of air temperature, radiant temperature, illuminance and relative humidity in two rooms (laboratory of comfort and classroom 2) building the Center of Excellence in Efficiency energy from Amazon - CEAMAZON subsidizing the use of the methodology proposed by Fanger (PMV and PPD), and verification of illuminance levels proposed by NBR 5413. As a result the building showed good performance, but the lack of compliance prerequisites rated with "C" level. A comfort evaluation indicated that approximately 23% of users have had on thermal comfort and the natural ventilation can be used as a strategy to climatic adaptation. Illuminance measurements indicated that only the classroom 2 possessed potential use of natural lighting during the measurement. It was concluded that, despite its importance, the RTQ - C must still pass through a process of adaptation by society and professionals involved in the energy certification of buildings and that during this period changes may be incorporated contributing to make it a effectively valid instrument for ensuring the energy efficiency of buildings in the country.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Uma análise genealógica da objetivação mulher em documentos do UNICEF
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-10-01) MIRANDA, Danielle Santos de; CHAVES, Ernani Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5741253213910825; LEMOS, Flávia Cristina Silveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8132595498104759
International agencies such as the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), connected to the United Nations (UN), aim to be guardians of children and young people in order to ensure compliance and to defend and promote the rights of these segments. Such practices are constituted by heterogeneous knowledge anchored in programmatic axes framed in the manner of concerns, such as the observance of gender objectification in policy to protect children and adolescents in Brazil. Thus, after reading the documents of UNICEF, we can verify the presence of an objective process of gender relations and in particular, the objectification of women as an eyeliner vector of public policies proposed by this body for the rights of children and youth. Thus, we built this master's thesis in psychology with the purpose of studying this problem, using clues from the genealogy of Michel Foucault to question the practices of objectification of woman object in reports of UNICEF, in Brazil, from 2007 to 2009.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação do gravímetro de poço em problemas de avaliação de formação no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1992-02-27) GONÇALVES, Carlos Augusto; EVANS, Hilton Bernard
The first borehole gravity survey in Brazil was carried out during October and November of 1990 in Sergipe-Alagoas basin through a joint program between the Federal University of Pará, PETROBRAS and United States Geological Survey. The principal purpose of the survey was to test the applicability of this tool in Brazilian sedimentary basins. Another purpose was to compare the borehole gravimeter (BHGM) data with existing open-hole density log (CDL). The survey was conducted in three wells in Carmópolis field and the data were transformed to miligals, corrected for tide, drift and terrain effects and preliminary density values calculated. The region in which the surveys were carried out consists of an evaporite sequence overlying basement rock ocurring relatively near the surface. The large contrast between these units and the rest of sedimentary section results in vertical gravity anomalies. It is necessary to correct the BHGM density data for these anomalies. The resulting BHGM density data were then compared to that obtained from the CDL. Furthermore, lithology parameters defined from well log data were used to calculate porosities from both the BHGM and CDL density data, showing possible new oil intervals that can be tested.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Áreas protegidas na Amazônia brasileira como instrumento de gestão ambiental: a situação do município de Oriximiná, estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) FLORES, Maria do Socorro Almeida; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
Creating intervention restricted environments from the expansion of human activities was the model used by industrialized countries to preserve remaining ecosystems of their development process. Brazil adopted this restrictive model through the creation of protected areas, among other instruments. This thesis examines the establishment of protected areas as an instrument of environmental policy in the brazilian Amazon to use as empirical observation units the protected areas in the Calha Norte region, in the State of Pará, which corresponds to a region with low human impact and, as an area located in the endemism guiana region, high concentration of biodiversity, as well as the presence of considerable sociobiodiversity (indigenous civilizations, Quilombola communities and traditional populations). This thesis examines this issue considering the possibility to visualize in environmental management the sustainability of the biodiversity maintaining, which includes respectively the physical basis, the nature resources and the cultural, religious and indigenous peoples ways of life, the Quilombola remaining communities and traditional populations in the region. The primary goal of this thesis is to show that the legal protection of biodiversity and socio-biodiversity is intrinsically related to the concept of bio-responsability, which is based on a set of factors such as legal, political, administrative and economic establish relationships between them to ensure environment sustainability not only as a passive legal good, but as a dynamic allocation process, contributing with the elements to construction of a new meaning for the biodiversity protection, which includes especially the sociobiodiversity by considering the protected areas as one of the instruments for this conceptualization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atenção à saúde e modos de andar a vida: a produção de conhecimentos em psicologia e os subsídios para um cuidado que pretenda produzir saúde para crianças e famílias nos contextos de pobreza
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-18) RIBEIRO, Andrea Cristina Lovatto; FERLA, Alcindo Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6938715472729668
A health care that aims integrality in its actions and proposals must take into account the population’s singular life contexts as well as the life contexts of each specific individual, which can be observed in a specialized bibliography. It is well known that Brazil is a country that presents serious social inequality and the knowledge of cultural diversity among different social groups that co-exist in our country is fundamental to achieve an integral health care. The objective of this study is to understand if and in which ways the elements that are considered important to provide health in this context are present in scientific production in the psychology field. For this purpose, several texts present in the BVS (Virtual Health Library) were analyzed; in a total of 37 texts, which deal with the relationship between psychology and SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System). The importance of a contextualized practice was mentioned, however, none of the texts showed the description of specific contexts of families in poverty, indicating that this knowledge is not available in the psychology field and therefore showing the importance of considering the information available in other areas for an integral health care. Integral health care, team work, prevention and health promotion are major elements that are present in the academic production of knowledge; nevertheless we notice that these guidelines are still in the level of reflection and verbalizations, usually not taking place in practice. The challenges that set apart professional psychologist’s practice and SUS guidelines can be summarized in a professional training which emphasizes individual clinical practices resulting in decontextualized practices. Other challenges indentified were the way the health system itself was organized, and the way psychologists are not considered as generalist professionals in health policies. The concept of resilience in general is not present in the studies; however, the presence of other important elements to promote the autonomy of individuals was taken into consideration. Strategies of education: Academic and Permanent Education in Health (EPS) were also analyzed. It was observed that the discussion about professional training is present in most texts and that small changes have been made in order to bring the psychology field closer to the SUS system. Permanent Education in Health is not a significant factor in the studies, and its potential has not yet been explored in relation to psychology.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividades de compreensão oral como insumo para a produção oral/escrita em Português língua estrangeira: preparação para o exame CELPE-BRAS
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-12-06) GAYA, Karina Figueiredo; CUNHA, José Carlos Chaves da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3117544056791050
The Portuguese as a Foreign Language (PFL) teaching has presented a significant growth in Brazil and worldwide. International agreements, both academically and commercially, have brought the Portuguese language into the spotlight. Motivated by this new scenario, many foreign professionals and students have looked for PFL courses. Some of these learners will be submitted to the CELPE-Bras exam - initiative of the Brazilian Ministry of Education to consolidate the education of PFL in the world. The educators who prepare foreign candidates to this exam have faced difficulties to find materials that make their pupils’ development of listening skills possible. In this work, we aim at showing a way to the teaching-learning of the listening in PFL, utilizing text genres as input. Towards this end, we searched theoretical support based on the Socio-Discursive Interactionism (Genre Theory and model of Didactic Sequence) and tried to get the Communicative Approach closer to the Genre Approach in the Foreign Language teaching. Using these theoretical assumptions, we proposed various Didactic Sequences for the teachinglearning of listening in PFL, elaborated and applied listening tasks. We described and analyzed these tasks and tried to show to what extent the PFL teaching-learning, using text genres as input and applied to the Communicative Approach, can facilitate the development of the listening skills of foreign pupils and candidates to the CELPE-Bras exam.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A atuação do sistema interamericano de proteção dos Direitos Humanos na defesa dos direitos econômicos, sociais e culturais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011) TEREZO, Cristina Figueiredo; MAUÉS, Antonio Gomes Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5100632338260364
This following doctoral thesis aims to study the performance of the organs of the Inter-American Human Rights System regarding the protection and promotion of the economic, social and cultural rights. For this, the research starts with considerations about what would be such rights, analyzing and refuting theories and concepts that have tried to refuse them as Human Rights norms, which would have motivated the development of vague normative provisions and the absence of monitoring mechanisms as well, as had been planned for the scroll of the Human Rights group, called civil and political rights. In order to demonstrate that economic, social and cultural rights are part of a fully justiciable rights group, the thesis also examines elements that are commonly attributed to them, such as: such as progressive achievement, prohibition of retrogressive measures, maximum available resources and minimum core content, from what is developed by the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, to thereafter present how the organs of the Inter-American System deal with such issues. Of the study of international norms and of the monitoring international system, that were specially built for the economic, social and cultural rights, are verified several levels of legal obligation, of which proposes a classification for the different mechanisms to the access of the regional Human Rights Protection System, which can be directed to the supervision of a jurisdictional organ or quasi-judicial, or by other means that also promote those rights and allow redress in case of violation. The different mechanisms are used by organs of the Inter-American System to protect the economic, social and cultural rights. Due to its importance, the Commission and the Inter-American Court of Human Rights have been studied by this following research, attributing focus on its performance to the rights protection concerned, as well as recent modifications in their functions and procedural rites.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autoavaliação institucional: a realidade da CPA na prática do SINAES
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-01-10) FERREIRA, Alexandra; PONT VIDAL, Josep; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4415362518177732
This research was directed due the knowledge needs around the work evaluation process in the internal federal Universities institutions. Such kind of work is being done since the 1990s decade, through various public policies translated into programs that could evaluate the education quality of the Universities due to the increased of University Institutions quantity, public and private. Considering such form, today the implementation of an evaluation process is not discussed anymore, instead is discussed the way it should be worked in the University institutions. The current policy directed to this issue is translated in the national evaluation of education system (SINAES), established by Law 10.861/2004, which became mandatory, among others, the institutional self-evaluation to be conducted by the internal committee Assessment (CPA), also with mandatory character inserted in the Art. 11º of SINAES law. This study is part of the questions around the CPA work. Mainly considering the way of their constitution, localization on the organizational structure and the CPA methodology that could influence in the final result, which is related to the institutional self-evaluation used by E-MEC system and by external review committees. The objective was to analyzes the CPAs of three Federal Universities institutions, chosen for their experience in the theme , regarding: The composition, directed to the quantity and their members category; The CPA localization in the organizational structure, in order to verify their autonomy level and the methodology used by CPAs in the conduction way of the evaluation process. It was assumed that such variables when applied in each institution, it could lead to ways of working and different results. For this reason it was opted for a study of a case, predominantly in qualitative research, using literature research, with authors of general systems theory and assessment; documental research and interviews along the presidents of CPAs institutions analyzed; Finalizing that although the results may be different in terms of quality of the reports, problems related to the autonomy, hierarchy and recognition of the CPA against other organs of the Universities management, the relationship assessment and planning and the establishment of a culture of evaluation, are observed in the three institutions studied.