Navegando por Assunto "Brazilian Amazon"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 47

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adequação estrutural dos pilares de um edifício residencial em concreto armado na cidade de Rio Branco
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-11-06) SANTOS, Mateus Silva dos; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
The recovery and strengthening of reinforced concrete structures are increasingly common in Brazil, mainly due to the aging of structures built in the 60s and 70s of the twentieth century, which are close to reaching their lifetime. Added to this, factors such as the use of concrete with low strength, execution failures, improper use and lack of maintenance. Due to these factors that society should endeavor to enhance and / or restore these buildings, thus avoiding demolition of the same and even avoid fatal acidentes. This paper presents a case study that aims to recover a building that is abandoned for nearly two decades in the city of Rio Branco, Acre State. Currently, there are various techniques for strengthening reinforced concrete structure. Such as reinforcement through reinforced concrete jacketing, supplemented or enhanced with added armor, enhanced with application of metal sheets and profiles, reinforcing pillars reinforced with carbon fiber (PRCF), among other. In this work, the method adopted for recovery was enhanced by reinforced concrete jacketing. And for a better understanding of the methodology adopted work also presents details of the enhanced configuration adopted, constructive detail and executive procedures of the method adopted. In addition, the wrappers showing the active and resistant efforts before and after the booster.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise da velocidade crítica de escoamento e estudo reológico de polpas de caulim da bacia do rio capim em dutos circulares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) RUFINO, Romulo Lima; CRUZ, Daniel Onofre de Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0536286226914691
The mineral industry represents a great economy state stimulator, and we can have as that industry highlights the kaolin beneficiation sector. The problem solutions related to that activity is a great opportunity to interact university and industry, besides that it’s a very fertile area to scientific development. A important point to be studied is the kaolin slurry flow inside pipelines and related equipments; problems as incrustation and pipeline pressure drop calculations weren’t still definitely resolved by the industry. In this context the present work consists in develop a methodology to calculate the flow parameters principally the necessary minimum velocity for the suspended particles do not deposit into the pipe. So the main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze, through the methodology implementation, the deposition velocity calculation during the slurry kaolin flow with different mass fraction (% in solid weight) into circular pipelines; from rheological studies done with samples taken from the beneficiation process; there by providing knowledge to the technicians and engineers that desire to design a slurry kaolin pump system; minimizing their problems with sub or super dimensioning, causing material deposition what represents production and environment hazardous whereas it will be necessary to open the pipeline to remove the material deposited due to the low flow velocity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do comportamento da precipitação e da vazão em bacias hidrográficas Amazônicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-14) HACHEM, Bruno Penna; FERNANDES, Lindemberg Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4641468846318922
The aim of this study was to analyze the behavior of precipitation and flow in two river regions of the state of Pará, where Northern Corridor and Coast Northeast Atlantic. Both have the same rainfall and physical properties of the bowls are similar, being different only in regard to level and vegetable preservation area. For this study, we used 7 gauged stations and 7 rainfall in the Northern Corridor and 6 fluviometric 6 and rainfall in Costa Northeast Atlantic. After collecting the data in HIDROWEB, they were organized in Microsoft Excel spreadsheets software for application of Mann Kendall and Spearman tests, which stated that there is no trend in the series analyzed (α=5%). Was detected that the density of fluviometric and rainfall stations is low , according to the thresholds established by WMO. The Pearson correlation coefficients showed up "strong" between precipitation and flow of the areas studied, which also suffer influence of climatic phenomena (El Niño and La Niña). It was possible to consider that in the most preserved region, the time lag between the maximum rainfall and the maximum flow rate averaged two months, while the region with greater human action this time was an average of 1 month.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise técnico-econômica da substituição parcial do combustível diesel pelo gás natural em motores marítimos na região amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-12-07) FRANCO, Alcides Canêjo Linhares; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The international experience indicates the existence of five main elements related to the expansion of the natural gas consumption as following: a) availability of natural gas reserve; b) restriction offers of other energy ones (especially for the electricity generation); c) concern with the environment by a environmental legislation more rigorous, each day; d) the investments attraction by the private companies permission for the distribution and commercialization of the natural gas; e) the generalized permission for the industry, attracting private companies, because of the opportunity of the investment. In this scene, the construction of the gas line Coari (extraction base) Urucu-Manaus with about 670 kilometers of total extension that will be ready on April of 2008, as divulged by Petrobras on 05/21/2007 and will carry 4.7 million cubic meters per day of natural gas in the first phase of operation. The foreseen total investment is of R$2.4 billions. The natural gas will substitute the diesel and the combustible oil used, mainly, in the production of great part of the consumed electric energy in the Amazon State. It will be used also in the industrial and commercial processes, as well as supplying, with safety, auto-machine vehicles (automobiles, pickups, light trucks, bus). This last application stimulated this research, that establish a technical-economic analysis of the partial substitution of the fuel diesel by the natural gas in maritime engines in the Amazon Region, because the boats are vehicles that cross the rivers of this Region and are used for load and passengers transportation. First, it is demonstrated that it is possible, in technical conditions, the conversion of the diesel engines to consume the diesel mixed with natural gas to the taxes of substitution of diesel for natural gas from 5% to 90%, using available technologies that are in the Brazilian market, under the view of energy and environment performances. Later it presents an economic analysis of the conversion, considering the reservoirs for natural gas compressed - NGC offered in the national market and the kits of conversion. The research reveals: a) the economic viability of the enterprise if the weights and the volumes of the natural gas reservoirs are neglected, especially the first one; b) the no economic viability, considering the transport of the reservoirs, in the boats, that had no financial results because of the prices of the taxes resulting of the space occupied by the volumes and the weights of these reservoirs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação da RUSLE a uma pequena bacia hidrográfica da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-26) SANTOS, Diego Benvindo Oliveira; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808
The Amazon is experiencing severe changes due to anthropogenic activities, among which the transformation of forested land into areas for agricultural use stand out, intensifying erosion processes. Erosion, especially the drag of particles by runoff, causes a reduction of soil fertility impairing agricultural productivity and impacting the quality and quantity of surface water resources, a fact compounded by strong rainfall and naturally poor soils in the region. In this context, knowledge of erosion processes, such as through the use of mathematical models for predicting soil loss helps in determining management practices for sustainable use of natural resources. This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of the empirical model RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) in the region, which considers the interaction between the rain energy, soil and topography characteristics, as well as the uses and management practiced. This research applied the RUSLE in the upper basin of the Igarapé da Prata stream, with an approximate area of 37 km², located in the municipality of Capitão Poço, Pará, Brazil, approximately 160 km from the capital Belém, in Pará Northeast region. This research also consisted in the construction of a geo-referenced database made from public sources; such data passed through adaptations for insertion into the environment of the ArcGIS to quantify the parameters of RUSLE, which when combined allowed the generation of a map of soil loss for the study area. The small upper basin of Igarapé da Prata presented soil loss values ranging between 0.004 and 72.48 t/ha year, with an average value of 5.12 and a standard deviation of 6.97, where approximately 12% of its total area presents environmental risks due to erosive processes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Argamassas para dessalinização de alvenaria mista de edifício histórico de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-05) LOUREIRO, Alexandre Máximo Silva; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7501959623721607; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8950586647715771
In the historical monuments of Belém structural masonry, along with the foundations and pillars, are responsible for supporting the building (VASCONCELLOS, 1979). These masonry are made of stone and solid bricks with lime mortar setting and can present various pathologies among which stand out the action of salt efflorescence and moisture. These two agents cause detachment of layers, mortar spraying, the appearance of cracks in masonry, and whitish appearance (HENRIQUES, 1994; CHAROLA, 2000). The research has as main objective the identification, characterization and attenuation of salt efflorescence, through study of the masonry of the right transept of the Church of St. Alexandre, located in historic downtown of Belém- PA. For this, laboratory techniques were used in order to understand the favorable process conditions of salt efflorescence, the damage to the materials, the kinds of salts and which materials are effective for desalination. First was the mapping the masonry and mapping damage to verify the current situation and the most degraded areas. Was subsequently performed the physical, chemical and mineralogical characterization: 1) physical characterization by sieve analysis, trace analysis and analysis of the moisture content of the masonry, 2) chemical characterization through qualitative and quantitative testing of salts and 3) characterization mineralogy by X-ray diffraction. The X-ray diffraction was also used to evaluate the efficacy of four types of desalination mortars containing clay (bentonite and kaolin) and sand in different ratios. At the end of the study it was found that the suggested techniques for characterization and mapping of the masonry proved efficient and aided in the correct diagnosis of the existing problem. Moreover, the research showed which kinds of mortar are recommended to desalination of masonry damaged by salt efflorescence.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação através do desempenho térmico de edificação verticalizada em Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-04-01) VINAGRE, Natália Daniele de Lima; PERDIGÃO, Ana Kláudia de Almeida Viana; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009878908080486
This dissertation studies the thermal performance of materials in a vertical facade building in the city of Belém - PA, Brazil. This work aims to contribute to the study of the thermal performance and efficiency of materials used in residential buildings of the vertical envelopment, between opaque elements, two types of materials currently very used in construction were selected, painting and ceramic coating. It also studies the influence of the height of the building on its thermal performance and energy efficiency. The study was conducted with the use of computational modeling in EnergyPlus code that evaluates the thermal performance of the building, the influence of the height at the same energy efficiency. Compares the thermal performance of the two selected materials, it was found that the ceramic coating presented building with the average internal temperature of 0.42 ° C above the temperature at the building painted, hence less thermal performance. The influence of the height of the floor did not produce a significant variation in internal temperature, because its increase, small decrease occurred in the internal temperature with thermal gradient of about -0.07 º C / m due to the wind speed is greater when more higher the pavement. It is also considered for this study as passive natural ventilation strategy for the building under study, according to the analysis of Bioclimatic chart Givoni contribute positively to the condition of the internal temperature and humidity, and consequently the user.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de sistemas de indicadores de desempenho para empresas da construção civil da Região Metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-25) BUENO, André Ricardo; NEVES, Renato Martins das; NEVES, Renato Martins das; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
Globalization and the demand for sustainable actions of the current market, increasingly require the companies to strive for continuous improvement. Corporate managers seek at ali times to achieve maximum positive results for profit, with low production costs and that its activities are increasingly sustainable. The use of performance indicators is an alternative system for measuring organizational performance, being a reflection of this concern. This performance should be evaluated not only on financial information, because in this way would be insufficient for understanding the dynamic business environment of today. The use of indicator systems constitutes one of the major initiatives that can be implemented to track the necessary modernization and development of the construction industry in the pursuit of increased efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness in generating various processes that constitute the system of production. The search strategy used is a case study therefore aims to understand systems performance indicators used in the metropolitan region of Belém and the relevance of these for business decision making. To search 5 steps were taken: 1) development of templates for data collection, 2) selection of companies for conducting the research, 3) survey of indicators, 4) meetings with the participating companies and 5) proposed indicator system standardized. The main results were: (a) understanding of the dynamics of use of performance indicators in the region; (b) understanding of entrepreneurial behavior of firms in the construction of the metropolitan region related to the use of performance indicators systems; (c) proposed a standard set of performance indicators as a management tool to assist in business decision making system. R appears with the results obtained need to develop academic studies that encourage the creation of enabling environments for the realization of collaborative management practices, in line management of construction, especially in the development of clubs using best practice performance indicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Casarões históricos de Santarém: estudo sobre os sobrados e prédios históricos e sua significação dentro da área central da cidade de Santarém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) COUTO, Estefany Miléo de; MARQUES, Fernando Luiz Tavares; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0365104813041022
This research presents a study on the houses and historical buildings located in the central area of the city of Santarem in Para, which is the core founder of the city, these studies were performed using tools such as inventory and preservation ethnographic techniques, based on processes performed by organs and institutions of reference in this field, and with IPHAN DPHAC with intent to identify the historical and artistic values revelantes through physical surveys and documentary, in order to rescue the memory and local identity through the preservation of these works architectural, that despite the many influences and changes that have suffered during this process, still represent singular and notable examples of architecture from an era that can only be contemplating in Santarem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cidades resilientes, áreas verdes e adaptação às mudanças climáticas: uma contribuição ao cadastro ambiental urbano no município de Barcarena–Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-06) PAIVA, Bárbara Souza; SOARES, Daniel Araújo Sombra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6446474471044694; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-2429; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2363-4335
This research aims to contribute to the discussion on resilient cities adapted to climate change in the face of global warming and El Niño. In this context, a strategic resource for addressing this reality is the use of green areas as nature-based solutions, due to their environmental and social benefits. This study analyzes land use planning, vegetation, alignment of environmental policies, the municipal Master Plan, the institutionalization of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development's 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 11, 13, and 15), and adaptation to the New Urban Agenda adopted by the management of the municipality of Barcarena, PA. To do so, a methodology of systematic literature review was employed on urban planning, environmental management, green areas, nature-based solutions, environmental legislation, global and local agendas, and the theme of resilient cities in adaptation and mitigation to climate change. In order to understand the territory, the study produced primary data through the mapping of Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) in the thirty neighborhoods of the municipality and its surroundings (approximately 3 km) between 2016 and 2023. Remote sensing techniques and geoprocessing were used, processed in Google Earth Engine and QGIS software for spatial analysis, statistics, cartographic productions, graphs, and area calculations. Current urbanized area data show that vegetation has decreased and occupies 144.56 km2 (54% of the total area). Hydrography remained stable at 57.48 km2 (representing 22% of the total). Exposed soil increased to 26.22 km2 (10%). The urbanized area grew and occupies 17.62 km2 (7%). The current industrial-mining-port complex covers 18 km2 (7%). Regarding the 30 neighborhoods, current data shows that vegetation has decreased and occupies 21.36 km2 (41.51% of the total area). The urbanized area expanded and occupies 18.94 km2 (36.80%). Exposed soil increased to 11.15 km2 (21.67%). Meanwhile, hydrography remained unchanged at 0.01 km2 (0.02%). The study reveals a Vegetation Coverage Index (VCI) of 10.97%, indicating a decline in greenery, and low thermal comfort with the Vegetation Coverage Heat Index (VCHI) at around 9.66 m2/inhabitant, has heat islands. The research proposes as a product: data, maps, and methodology for the elaboration of the Urban Environmental Registry, to contribute to the alignment of municipal management with the State Plan for the Recovery of Native Vegetation and with the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration. It aims to be a tool to aid in future environmental zoning and the next Master Plan Review, with actions focused on the city's resilience, in the face of worsening climate crisis, aiming to contribute to the promotion of urban environmental quality and quality of life, for local sustainable development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Colagem de junta de madeira com adesivo epóxi
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2010-02-08) CARNEIRO, Ruth Pereira; FUJIYAMA, Roberto Tetsuo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3165747089941318
This work has as objective of making, to test and to compare the glued joints of butt, scarf and finger with three species of wood of different densities. The collage of the wood makes possible the use of pieces and surpluses of wood that are usually discarded, could minimize the cut of a lot of trees, be of the nature or of planned planting. The methodology of production of the joint, it was established with base in indications described in Brazilian norms. Macroscopic observation of the wood it was accomplished, for confirmation of your species. After established the dimension of the joints they were made bodies of proof, using the adhesive Compound Adhesive of epoxy base and wood Angelim-pedra, Jatobá and Tauari, acquired in wood deposit in the city of Ananindeua-Pa. With relationship the characterization of the adhesive, it was verified through the traction tests that has good mechanical resistance. After collages of the joints it was accomplished traction tests to determining the resistance of the glued joints. The glued joints performance it was evaluated in function of the relationship among the values of resistance to traction of the solid wood and the values of resistance to traction with glued wood and rupture way. In agreement with the results it was observed that the glued joints scarf they presented excellent resistance to traction, very close of the resistance of the solid wood; it was also noticed the good acceptance of collage of the wood Jatobá. With relationship the quality of the adhesion, the glued joints of butt and finger, therefore they presented adhesive rupture. The experimental results obtained indicate a good agreement among the theoretical models to evaluate the resistance to the traction and the qualification of the glued joints.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Consecuencias del avance de la frontera pecuaria capitalista y sus implicaciones en las disputas por la tierra de la Amazonia, Pará, Brasil
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2018-09) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARDOSO, Karina dos Santos; SOARES, André Araújo Sombra; SOARES, Daniel Araújo Sombra
The main objective of this article is to discuss the process of expansion of the capitalist agricultural frontier, based on the numerous conflicts over land in the Brazilian Amazon region, especially the State of Pará. It must be understood that capitalist agriculture develops according to the advancement of the agricultural goods market, in addition as the urban population grows, the demand for food for general consumption and raw materials for agribusiness also increases considerably, therefore, ownership of land means that certain individuals have the monopoly that gives them the right to dispose of certain parts of the country's land as something absolutely private that no one can use without their consent and authorization. This is because the land, as the main means of production in agriculture, is not a product of human labor, that is, theoretically it has no exchange value in terms of socially necessary labor time, therefore, capitalist agriculture aims maximization of the rate of profit and hence the increased accumulation of capital. In this way, this pattern of capitalist development based on the expansion of the capitalist agricultural frontier in the region continues to this day.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Construção de um modelo de dispersão de poluentes na Baía do Guajará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-12-19) BATISTA, Adriano Gomes; SENA, Manoel José dos Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2349287816857909; MESQUITA, André Luiz Amarante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1331279630816662
The sea and coastal environment of Brazil have suffered a process of considerable environmental degradation in the last years. This degradation was caused by the growing environmental pressure on the sea and the continental natural resources that have overwhelmed the limited capacity of the ecosystems to absorb the impacts. In the specific case of the Bay of Guajará, located in the Estuaries Guajará, in the area delimited by the Bay of Marajó and for the rivers Pará and Guamá, these risks are associated mainly to the pollution originating from of the city of Belém and the petroleum derived pollution caused by transport operations. In the case of the Bay of Guajará, it is known that there are sewer spillings periodically caused by the tide. Because this pollution is caused by the tide, there is little that can be done to correct or soften the effects of this problem. The numeric models consider the complexity of the physical phenomena that govern the operation of the coastal environment, and have been used as tools in hydrodynamic simulation with recognized importance in coastal administration. This application can support several studies: the understanding of the dispersing processes of pollutants; the implantation of systems of monitoring of water quality; the plan of action in cases of a oil spillage; and the effects of alterations in the geometry of channels and bays and estuaries. The objective of this work is to explain these subjects and to describe the necessary stages for the construction of a numeric model of dispersion in the Bay of Guajará using the tools of the Systems of Geographical Information and the Method of Finite Elements.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de painéis confeccionados a partir de fibras de coco para controle acústico de recintos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008-10-31) VIEIRA, Rodrigo José de Andrade; SOEIRO, Newton Sure; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7303174583088137
A reasonable alternative for noise control in enclosures is based on the use of sound absorption materials (porous and fibrous), which convert acoustic energy into heat, due to air viscosity. The material acoustic absorption characteristic is determined by its sound absorption coefficient, which depends mainly on frequency, sound incidence angle, density, thickness and internal structure of the material. From the Amazon, due to its enormous biodiversity, thousands of natural products and sub products are retrieved, some of which are not completely used. Thus, many residues reach other industrial sectors, such is the case of the coconut fiber, which can be used in many ways. Therefore, the present work defines and describes an acoustic panel manufacturing process, based on coconut fiber, including the experimental determination of important parameters for noise control in enclosures. Also, a numerical model is implemented to investigate cost and quality control parameters, in order to assist the development and manufacturing of new panels. First, the necessary information is collected to start the development process of coconut fiber panels, following an “informational project” methodology. Next, all the steps related to the panel manufacturing process are described, looking forward to obtaining its acoustical, mechanical and physical-chemical main properties. From the numerical simulations, one tries to analyze and predict the coconut fiber panel behavior (apart from a commercially available acoustical panel), and investigate its influence over the acoustical parameters of an auditorium (reverberation time, sound pressure decay, and intelligibility). With the development of the coconut fiber panels, one expects to contribute for the creation of new sectors on the local economy, mainly considering the elevated costs of the actual acoustical panels available in the market. Finally, another outstanding advantage of the coconut fiber panels proposed here is the possibility of its usage in the context of regional architecture, where emphasis is given on local materials.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Deterioração das pedras da arquitetura mortuária do cemitério Nossa Senhora da Soledade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-10-31) SILVA, Pâmela Anne Bahia Vieira da; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; SANJAD, Thais Alessandra Bastos Caminha; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8950586647715771; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7501959623721607
The city of Belém do Pará contains an area that harbors numerous stone monuments which mark and identify the Belém’s 19th century society. This area is the Cemetery of Soledade, which now function as an outdoor museum. Besides the weathering, wich makes stones change constantly, Soledade has suffered with looting and vandalism throughout its more than 150 years of existence. The presence of deterioration on the stones of tombs and mausoleums of the first public cemetery in Belém damages the quality and integrity of the material, interfering negatively in the reading of the spatial image. The Cemetery has been listed as a National Heritage Landscape since 1964 by IPHAN. Considering the importance of conservation and restoration of ancient buildings and monuments to preserve the memory of a society, this research sought to assess the deterioration by weathering and anthropogenic origin in the different stones used in tombs and mausoleums of Cemetery of Soledade. In order to generate subsidies for the conservation and restoration of these stones, the characteristics of rocks used, its state changes and the causes of deterioration were assessed. The analysis and technological investigations allowed for the identification of granite, limestone and marble and for the determination of agents and mechanisms of deterioration such as chemical action, high temperatures and microbiological action. The diagnosis of the conservation condition throrough the mapping of damages based on the Illustrated Glossary on Stone Deterioration Patterns of ICOMOS confirmed the advanced level of the pathological manifestations on the surfaces of stones, which also present lack of internal cohesion and discontinuities according with ultrasound results. To contribute to future conservation actions, restoration procedure tests to clean the monuments such as the polishing and application of bentonite plaster were performed efficiently. The results highlight the urgent need for conservation actions to reduce the rate of deterioration and mitigate the current advanced state of the same. With the data obtained, this study try to be an alert to the the situation of abandonment of the Cemetery of Soledade, promoting the importance of keeping it preserved for future generations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Do Largo das Mercês à Praça Visconde do Rio Branco: um estudo de gestão do patrimônio histórico em Belém do Pará, 1941-2011
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-03-27) BORGES, Tatiana Carepa Roffé; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
From Largo das Mercês to Praça Visconde do Rio Branco: a study of historical heritage management in Belém do Pará, 1941-2011, proposes to conduct an analysis of the management of organ preservation at the local, state and federal in Belém, Pará, from a study on the square and immediate surroundings (houses surrounding it) in order to observe the evolution of the characterization and conservation of the architectural, urban and landscape from the 1940s to the present day. The visual language of this dissertation allows the observation of the changes and continuities that occurred in the square and bounding properties, since the photographic image, as well as other sources and visual objects, is in important historical research tools to identify new objects and new problems and indicating those that remain over the years. It is intended that the analysis of the current characterization of the set, compared with the same configuration at the time of their respective legal protection indicate how the organ preservation’s work is being done to protect the cultural heritage, checking for compatibility criteria and actions, and ownership of the square by society. This study also seeks to diagnose the current problems of the square and the importance of maintenance for the architectural and historical memory of the city Belém.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Do local environmental factors structure the trophic niche of the splash tetra, Copella arnoldi? a test in an Amazonian stream system
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2020-03) SOARES, Bruno Eleres; BENONE, Naraiana Loureiro; ROSA, Daniela Cristina Oliveira; MONTAG, Luciano Fogaça de Assis
Environmental variation affects the availability of spatial and trophic resources in Amazonian streams and may be important factors structuring the diet of fishes. We analyzed the diet composition and trophic niche breadth of the lebiasinid splash tetra, Copella arnoldi, aiming to evaluate how environmental variation in Amazonian streams affects the species’ trophic niche. Fish were captured and environmental factors were recorded in 20 streams in the Caxiuanã National Forest, in the eastern Amazon, in November 2010. We made a semi-quantitative analysis of stomach contents of 200 individuals. Copella arnoldi exhibited an omnivorous diet composed mainly of detritus and allochthonous invertebrates. Environmental variation (stream width, stream depth, canopy cover and flow) did not affect the diet composition or trophic niche breadth of the species, possibly due to the regional integrity of the forest within the boundaries of the protected area. Riparian cover probably minimizes the effect of the small-scale variations in food resources, thus leading to a locally homogeneous diet composition in the splash tetra C. arnoldi.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental por meio do teatro de floresta: uma reflexão em torno das ações do instituto Amigos da Floresta Amazônica no município de Benevides no estado do Pará
(Servicios Académicos Intercontinentales S.L., 2020-12) MATTOS, Josiane da Silva Sousa; SILVA JÚNIOR, Antônio Rodrigues da; CARVALHO, André Cutrim
In Brazil, Environmental Education must be seen as an instrument of social (trans) formation, which makes it possible to understand the multiple contemporary complexities of the society-nature relationship and the (re) construction of new social, cultural values, knowledge and attitudes aimed at a symmetry with the environment. In the State of Pará, for about 18 years, the Friends of the Amazon Forest Institute (ASFLORA) has developed practical actions around Environmental Education in elementary and elementary schools in the municipality of Benevides, through a set of integrating activities, with highlight to the forest theater. That said, the general objective of this article is to analyze the actions in the field of environmental education carried out by ASFLORA Institute; in addition, the research intends to demonstrate how the theoretical approaches are configured and, of course, the methods of evaluation of these actions in order to contribute to their optimization. From a methodological point of view, the article assumes a mixed character of investigation, since it involves quantitative aspects by highlighting statistical data of the activities carried out and of students participating in the project; and qualitative, given the inquiries of pedagogical coordinators and teachers in relation to the activities of ASFLORA Institute. The main conclusion indicates that through a more critical Environmental Education, it becomes possible to overcome the paradigmatic “traps” in the most varied educational environments, whose intervention process on reality and its socio-environmental problems end up contributing to an active citizenship, having as main purpose the attempt to reverse the serious socio-environmental crisis that is underway.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da extração de compostos de ferro da lama vermelha visando a extração e/ou recuperação de compostos de titânio
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-04) MAGALHÃES, Edilson Marques; MACÊDO, Emanuel Negrão; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8718370108324505; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The main concerns about waste generation are focused on the effects that these materials can have on human health and the environment, since the hazardous waste generated by industries need particular attention and care, because when improperly managed, become a serious threat to the environment. In this context, this work shows the studies for recycling of red mud as raw material to obtain titaniumcompounds. The study covers three hydrometallurgical routes: red mud calcined at 900°C (LV900), red mud without thermal treatment (LV-STT) and red mud sintered in a reducing atmosphere (LV1300). The leaching experiments were performed with temperature values of 60, 80 e 90°C and sulfuric acid concentration of 20 and 30%. Together with the analysis mathematical modeling was carried out leaching process. Such analysis shown that the red mud can be applied as a source of alternative raw material for the concentration and subsequent recovery of titanium compounds. The kinetic modeling of the curves of data extraction as a function of time and the mathematical model developed in this work, shown that, the chemical reaction step describes the leaching tests. The developed model also allowed obtaining kinetic parameters such as activation energy and velocity of chemical reactions of the leaching process.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da síntese de zeólitas tipo A, X e sodalita empregando reatores vítreos: análise dos métodos dinâmico e estático de síntese a partir de caulim residual da Região Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-12-26) SENA, Rafael dos Santos Fernandes; MARTELLI, Marlice Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1213009262936026
Kaolin processing companies generate kaolinitic residue that is stored in sedimentation ponds, occupying large physical areas. The utilization of these wastes is an important factor in the economic and the environmental terms. Here a study of the synthesis of A, X and sodalite zeolites using as raw material a kaolin waste from the Amazon Region is presented. The waste was pretreated for removal of the organic matter, comminuted and thermally activated at 750 °C for 2 hours. After selecting the optimum particle size for the synthesis by the pré-zeolitização step, two methods were tested to obtain the zeolites: dynamic and static. For the reaction mixture of the synthesis, were worked with the ratios SiO2/Al2O3 of 2/1 and 3/1 to obtain zeolites. Analyses of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyzes showed good phase formation for the NaA zeolite to the ratio 2/1, in the both sinthesys methods, dynamic and static, and without aging, and good phase formation for the NaX zeolite to the ratio 3/1, using static synthesis and with 12 hours aging. The sodalite phase was formed in the same stoichiometry of the NaX zeolite, but using static synthesis and without aging.