Navegando por Assunto "Brazilian economy"

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Ensaios em economia Kaldoriana
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-05) SILVA, Sérgio Felipe Melo da; ALENCAR, Douglas Alcantâra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6019986023580234; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-998X
This doctoral thesis is structured into three essays, arranged in three chapters, and deals with Kaldorian Economics in relation to other theoretical approaches and applications using input-output analysis. The first essay seeks to establish a theoretical connection between the ideas of economists Nicholas Kaldor and Giovanni Dosi, based on an analysis of the regional production technological structure using the input-output methodology created by Wassily Leontief. This approach is applied to the economy of the Legal Amazon (Brazil), specifically the state of Pará. The preliminary application of the Kaldor-Dosi perspective, with the help of the Leontief input-output matrix, allowed for specific conclusions to be drawn about the dynamics of the mineral extraction industry in relation to the productive structure of the state of Pará. The second essay focuses primarily on structural change, which arises from theories of economic development from various theoretical schools, mainly linked to the manufacturing industry. The essay proposes its own approach, called complexity with an evolutionary approach, which results from the connection between distinct theoretical approaches, namely the Kaldorian approach, based on Kaldor's Laws, the Neo-Schumpeterian approach, also called evolutionary, especially the theory of technological paradigms and trajectories, and the approach of economic complexity. The methodology used is structural decomposition analysis, which is a technique within the framework of the input-output methodology. The third essay seeks to identify the systemic importance of the industries of the Manaus industrial complex and, thus, the Amazonian manufacturing industry in the economy of the Amazon region and the rest of Brazil. This is done through a theoretical approach that relates the interregional perspective to Kaldor's Laws in the discussion of economic development. The theoretical aspect of this article is the approach of Kaldor's Laws combined with the assumptions of Regional Economics from an interregional perspective and the approach of technological innovations. It is understood that the forces that operate in the interregional dynamics are also determinants to explain the movements of economic performance of a region or country. The methodological apparatus is input-output analysis, through the hypothetical extraction technique.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
The performance of the brazilian economy: the development of inflation, growth and unemployment
(Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 2019) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
In Brazil, as in most countries, government strategies have sought to encourage economic growth so as to reduce unemployment and maintain price stability as a deterrent to distributive conflict and rigid inflation, a historically difficult problem to solve in this country. Within this context, the fundamental objective of this article is to discuss the macroeconomic performance of the Brazilian economy during the period between the military dictatorship and the new republic, particularly in relation to inflation, economic growth and unemployment. The main conclusion is that Brazil urgently needs to improve its current economic performance. The federal government must therefore foster public and private investment so that all sectors of the economy may break with the current recession. It must also strengthen mechanisms to control inflation and reduce the risk factor and uncertainty for investors so that they are encouraged to hire labor. This will reduce unemployment and improve the outreach of social protection systems for low-income families. More expressly, it will generate opportunities for the improvement and specialization of certain productive activities so that the country is able to create skilled labor, thereby increasing income and stimulating consumption amongst these future workers.