Navegando por Assunto "Bubalus bubalis"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Assessment of surface temperatures of buffalo bulls (Bubalus bubalis) raised under tropical conditions using infrared thermography
(FEPMVZ Editora, 2016-04) BARROS, Daniel Vale; SILVA, Lílian Kátia Ximenes; KAHWAGE, Priscila Reis; LOURENÇO JÚNIOR, José de Brito; SOUSA, Jailson Silva; SILVA, André Guimarães Maciel e; FRANCO, Irving Montanar; MARTORANO, Lucieta Guerreiro; GARCIA, Alexandre Rossetto
This paper aimed to evaluate the surface temperatures of buffalo bulls using infrared thermography, considering four distinct anatomical parts over time, and to correlate surface temperatures and thermal comfort indexes. The humid tropical climate (Köppen's Afi) was predominant in the research station where the experiment was performed and the trial lasted from April to August. Ten bulls (n=10) were evaluated every 25 days (morning: 6:00-9:00; afternoon: 12:00-15:00) and the parameters assessed were respiratory rate (RR), rectal temperature (RT), and the thermograms of surface temperature for orbital area (ORB), right flank (RF), left flank (LF) and scrotum (SCR). Climatological data was continuously monitored and the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) and the Index of Comfort of Benezra (ICB) were calculated. The average values of THI were ≥78, and significant differences between shifts were observed (P<0.05). The ICB ranged from 1.96 to 2.25 and significant differences were observed for shiftsand throughout the months (P<0.05). The averages of surface temperatures were RT=38.2±0.5°C, ORB=36.1±0.8°C, LF=33.5±2.5°C, RF=35.4±1.7ºC and SCR=33.3±1.1°C, which exhibited significant differences for shifts and throughout the months (P<0.05). Positive correlations were obtained between THI and ORB (0.72), RF (0.77), LF (0.75) and SCR (0.41) (P<0.0001). The maximum temperature of ORB showed the highest correlation with RT (0.58, P<0.0001). Therefore, the surface temperatures are subject to climatic variations and increase throughout the day, due to the variation in thermal comfort indexes, and the maximum ORB temperature was the parameter most related to rectal temperature. Lastly, the results indicate that IRT may be a useful non-invasive and accurate tool to detect the variations in ORB, LF, RF and SCR temperature in buffalo bulls.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da dinâmica folicular, atividade ovariana e involução uterina durante o pós-parto de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) criadas em condições tropicais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-11) SILVA, Aluizio Otavio Almeida da; RIBEIRO, Haroldo Francisco Lobato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1614582293203770
In this experiment aimed to monitor the follicular dynamics and ovarian activity of buffalo females in the postpartum period through ultrasound exams, investigating whether some events related to ovarian activity in the Postpartum Period (PPP), and uterine involution, since the 7th day calved until the second post-partum estrus. ten were used (10) crossbred females between Murrah and Mediterranean breeds with eutócicas parities and no history of reproductive problems, managed in semi extensive system, with availability of water and mineral supplementation ad libitum. It was found the presence of follicular growth patterns of two waves (2 OCF) and three waves (3OCF) at a ratio of 40% and 60%, respectively. The 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus demonstrated to 37,00+13,12 and 58,83+14,56 days postpartum for 2OCF animals, 45,00 + 15,19 and 66,00 + 23.02 days postpartum for animal 3OCF. The estrous intervals were 21,00+2,44 and 21,83+2,56 days for animals 2OCF and 3OCF respectively. Follicular emergency occurred at an average of 1,02+0,34 and 7.25+0,50 days cycle for the first and second waveform, respectively, of animals and 2OCF 0,93+0,35; 6,6+1,36 and 10,83+1,94 days cycle for the first, second and third wave, respectively, for the animal 3OCF. The pre ovulatory follicular diameter was 13,08±2,6 and 11,45+0,35 mm for the 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus of 2 OCF animals and 13,24+2,41 and 12,74+1,10 mm for the 1st and 2nd postpartum estrus of 3OCF animals. The uterine involution occurred at an average of 29,00+1,48 days, (P <0.001), diameter of the post gravid uterine horn (DPGUH) around 18,84+0,33 mm. The rate of uterine involution was 0,97+0,21 mm/day, (P <0,001). There was a high correlation between the PPP and CUPG, represented by r = -0,8179 (P<0,0001), being possible to establish a linear regression between the two parameters, represented by the equation Y = 40,8809 + (-0,8214.X) (P<0,0001).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação sorológica e molecular da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em bubalinos da Ilha de Marajó naturalmente infectados
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-29) SANTOS, Cássia Maria Pedroso dos; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
In order to analyze the occurrence of Toxoplasma gondii in buffalo Marajó Island by serological and molecular method, blood samples and brain tissue of 100 buffaloes were collected. Blood sera were tested by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) using a 1:64 dilution as the cutoff point for T. gondii, these samples were tested for the presence of antibodies IgG anti-T. gondii. To confirm the presence of T. gondii B1 gene in genomic material of blood and brain tissue samples were subjected to amplification by polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR). Among the tested sera buffaloes, 14 (14%) were reactive against T. gondii by the IFA technique, while blood samples and brain tissue tested 4- (4%) were amplified DNA by the technique of T. gondii PCR, 3 (3%) in blood samples and 1 (1%) in brain tissue samples. Despite the low occurrence of antibodies anti-T. gondii in serum buffalo, it can be concluded that infection by this parasite is present in buffalo breed in Marajo, moreover, it was possible to detect the genomic material of T. gondii in blood samples and brain tissue these animals, thus there is the need for further research, using the molecular technique for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis since the detection of the bioagent buffaloes becomes even more relevant to the importance of these animals in the epidemiological cycle of toxoplasmosis as possible sources of infection primarily for the human being.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Brucellosis in water buffaloes
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The domestication of water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) originated in India and China and spread throughout the world and represents an important source of food of high biological value. Given the importance and relevance of brucellosis for buffalo production, this article reviews the history, etiopathogenesis, epidemiology, clinical signs, anatomopathological findings, diagnosis and control of the disease, focusing on data from studies on water buffaloes performed in different countries and the Brazilian Amazon biome.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Características fenotípicas e manejo genético de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) leiteiros: ranqueamento de reprodutores
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-10) MARQUES, Larissa Coelho; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676
The buffalo is an animal that can compete with differentiated products on internal and world markets, which presents own features and great performance when processing by-products and derivatives. Despite this, buffalo agribusiness resents of enhancers animals proved and / or tested to meet a demand that is vital for better genetic pattern. This study aimed to evaluate phenotypic characteristics of production milk and reproduction efficient of buffalo and perform genetic analyzes determining parameters and genetic index aimed at selection of buffalo to prepare a ranking of genetically superior breeding, increasing production chain of buffaloes in the Amazon region. We used 2,459 phenotypic records of Murrah, Mediterranean and half-blood buffaloes of EMBRAPA - CPATU herd from period between 1953 to 2013. The characteristics evaluated were: total milk production (TMP), fat percentage (F), age at first calving (AFC), calving interval (CI) and service period (SP). The descriptive analysis began with the editing of the data worked in the environments of Excel spreadsheet and SAS package. The overall results were: TMP = 1741.00 ± 496.48 kg, F = 7.07 ± 0.86%, AFC = 49.39 ± 7.37 months, CI = 13.16 ± 0.79 months and SP = 91.52 ± 24,22 days. In the analysis of variance for TMP the most significant effects were the birth order and the degree of blood from female, and to F was degree of female blood and AFC was calving season and birth order and CI and SP were station childbirth and the calf sex. The phenotypic correlations between TMP and F was 0.034, between TMP and AFC 0.118, between TMP and CI 0.070, between TMP and SP 0.070, between F and AFC -0.113, between F and CI -0.025, -0.025 between F and SP, among AFC and CI 0.445, 0.445 between AFC and SP and between CI and SP 1.00. Genetic analysis began with the editing of the data discussed in the environments of Excel spreadsheet and the SAS package and genetic analyzes were performed by WOMBAT software. For estimation of genetic parameters we used the animal model with two-trait analysis. The TMP was regressed depending on length of lactation and the regression coefficient was used for correction of lactation in 305 days (PL305). Fixed effects were contemporary group and linear and quadratic effects of birth female age as (co) variable. AFC and SP model was the same as described above with the exclusion of the term of the maternal permanent environmental effect. The heritability estimates for Murrah were: 0.49 for TMP; 0.59 for F; 0.75 for AFC; 0.006 for CI and 0.06 for SP; for the Mediterranean race were 0.31 for TMP; 0.08 for F; 0.78 for AFC; 0.90 for CI and 0.90 for SP. Genetic correlations between TMP and other features in the Murrah were 0.065 TMP and F; TMP and AFC 0.097, -0.450 TMP and CI and 0.079 TMP and SP for the Mediterranean were: -0.267 TMP and F; 0,629 TMP and AFC; 0.559 TMP and CI and 0.624 CI TMP and SP. The ranking of bulls / breeding was based on predictions of probable transmission ability (PTA's), using the SAS package which allows editing a bulls catalog of buffalo species of EMBRAPA Amazônia Oriental in that period. Based on the results the variability of the studied herd is likely to be crafted with the genetic management for both production characteristics as to the reproductive efficiency.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização de polimorfismos nos genes DGAT1 E GH em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-11) SILVA, Caio Santos; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0104908318773676
The Buffaloes are domestic animals belonging to Bubalus genus, Bovidae family and Artiodactyla order. Provide meat, milk and workforce. Are quite adapted to the climatic conditions of the state of Pará, producing well in those conditions. However, producers still need tested animals for production characteristics. There were used the technique of SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) and SNP markers (single nucleotideo polymorphism), in order to characterize the 83 buffaloes from murrah and Mediterranean breeds. For the DGAT1, occured allelic frequency of 0.741 for the allele A, 0.253 for the allele B and 0.01 for the allele C. The genotypic frequencies were 0.54 for the AA genotype, 0.39 for the AB genotype, 0.06 for the BB genotype and 0.01 for the AC genotype. For the GH gene was found only one genotype. The DGAT1 gene showed considerable genetic variation and detects the presence of SNPs.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos sistemas de produção na bovinocultura leiteira nas mesorregiões sudeste e nordeste paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-25) DANTAS, Vanderson Vasconcelos; GODOY, Bruno Spacek; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4036516695601666; OAIGEN, Ricardo Pedroso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8056365542183068
The dairy industry is of great importance in the regional economy in terms of employment and income generation , especially for family farming . Know the reality of these systems becomes essential so that they can generate specific grants for further development of the activity. In this context, studies on the different production systems emerge as an important tool. The objective of this study systems of milk production was characterized in the regions of Southeast and Northeast Pará through the use of multivariate analysis techniques . The survey was conducted through questionnaires with 112 properties located in the municipalities of Ulianópolis - PA and PA - Irituia . Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and processed using SPSS 18.0 software . Through frequency analysis revealed that the total area of varied properties 7-1600 ha . The owners were ranked according to the number of cows in the existing properties and the lowest represented by those with less than 10 cows, which corresponded to 5.35 % and higher over 50 ( 23.21 %). Regarding herd productivity observed an overall average of 4.34 ( L cow -1 day -1) . Feeding the flock is based on cultivated pastures , being the most used braquiarão . Only 19.60% of the properties held supplementation with concentrate and roughage with 13.39% . The reproductive management is performed in 86.6 % through natural mating without any control , which results in little specialized animals for dairy production . The management of milking presents itself as the poor hygienic and sanitary conditions , resulting in a poor quality product . Management practices show little expression among producers . With respect to the typology established through factor analysis revealed four factors that explained 66.99 % of the original variables , and the cluster analysis identified 4 groups of producers with similar profiles . The group III corresponded to the group of producers that had the highest adoption of technology such as supplemental feeding , health management , milking and activity management technology, thus having better performance with an average productivity of 5.02 ( L cow -1 day -1) . Groups I and II are characterized by family production systems with low specialization and low productivity and group IV consists of family farmers who presented with an incipient share of agriculture production , having the lowest production and economic returns.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização histopatológica, imunohistoquímica e determinação molecular de Mycobacterium bovis de lesões sugestivas de tuberculose em bubalinos abatidos para consumo no estado do Amapá
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02-26) PEDROSO, Silvia Cristina da Silva; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
The creation of buffalo is an important source of income in Amapá, an important sector in the local economy. Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of worldwide distribution, which occurs in cattle and buffaloes caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. The disease has debilitating chronic nature with economic impact on the production of meat and milk in different regions of the world, besides being an important zoonosis. Aiming to characterize M. bovis in suggestive of tuberculosis lesions detected in buffalo inspection in the State of Amapá, through histopathological and immunohistochemical methods (IHC) and molecular analysis, there was the collection of 109 samples suggestive of tuberculosis lesions. For histopathological analysis, we used standard techniques for paraffin by hematoxylin and eosin and Fite-Faraco. For IHC was used the method of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) with a polyclonal rabbit antiserum against M. bovis (Dako B0124). For molecular analysis, mycobacterial DNA extraction was directly performed lymph node and treated by the phenolchloroform method through two amplification protocols (conventional PCR and Nested- PCR). Histologically, 94.5% (103/109) had typical granulomatous tissue reaction tuberculoide injury (LT), while in 5.5% (06/109) without features of tuberculoid granulomas (p <0.0001). The results obtained by IHC among the positive cases by histopathology, all had some kind of injury classified in several stages by histopathology, and observed that most of them 82.2% (74/90; p <0.0001) was only stage IV. Among the negative cases, necrotic lesions presenting only the last stage of development (IV) were also frequently 52.5% (10/19) and 31.5% (06/19) were also negative in the histopathologic ( p = 0.0030). Of the 103 positive samples for histopathology, 73.8% (76/103) were PCR positive reaction to the genus Mycobacterium and 64.1% (66/103) had amplification for the RD4 region, confirming the deletion, exclusive of the species M. bovis. The results showed that tuberculosis is present in buffalo herds of Amapá and regions of Marajó in Pará, representing a serious risk to public health.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção de Brucella abortus em linfonodos de búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) em diferentes fases da gestação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; UBIALI, Daniel Guimarães; FONSECA JÚNIOR, Antônio Augusto; SILVA, Jenevaldo Barbosa da; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this study was to detect Brucella abortus in lymph nodes of buffaloes as well as to describe the lesions caused. Nineteen buffalo cows in various stages of pregnancy, serologically positive for brucellosis and subjected to culling were used. Fetal age was determined by ultrasound examination and the size of fetuses was measured at necropsy. Fragments of lymph nodes were collected for histopathology and qPCR. The detection of B. abortus DNA in the lymph nodes was checked from the fourth month of pregnancy in seven buffaloes and in a post-calving buffalo. Acute to chronic lymphadenitis was histologically diagnosed. B. abortus DNA was detected in all evaluated groups of lymph nodes; the mammary lymph nodes were the most affected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detecção molecular do vírus da imunodeficiência bovina (BIV) em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12-12) FERREIRA, Tatiane Teles Albernaz; LEITE, Rômulo Cerqueira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2859617428983062; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3339195791140438; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
Bovine viral immunodeficiency is a chronic and progressive disease caused by a lentivirus that affects cattle and buffalo. Although infection is reported in cattle in several countries, including Brazil, in buffalo there are only two reports of infection, one in Pakistan and one in Cambodia. The aim of this research was to verify the occurrence of bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV) in buffaloes from the state of Pará, northern Brazil. To verify the occurrence of BIV in herds, the detection of proviral DNA in blood samples from 607 buffaloes obtained from 10 properties in the State of Pará, by semi-nested polymerase chain reaction (snPCR) were made using primers specific for the pol region in the genome of the virus. The 607 samples tested by snPCR for the BIV, 27 (4.4%) were positive. The amplified sequences were confirmed by cloning and nucleotide sequencing. The similarity of nucleotide sequence of the isolates with the reference strain (R-29) was 99%. Epidemiologically, this study provides important initial data, reporting the first detection of BIV in buffaloes in the Brazil and warning of the possibility of the virus function as a risk factor for the health of populations of buffaloes and a potential causative agent of chronic disease.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Determinação da ocorrência de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) criados no bioma Amazônico Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-04) LEAL, Mario Arthur da Costa; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3339195791140438
This study investigated the occurrence of Leptospira spp. in buffaloes in the Amazon biome of Pará, as well as identify the higher incidence of serotypes in the region. They tested 387 serum samples of buffalo nine Pará municipalities, Cachoeira do Arari, Santa Cruz do Arari, Salvaterra, Soure and Chaves located on Marajó Island, Abaetetuba, Ipixuna, Nova Timboteua and Paragominas, located on the mainland. Eight serotypes were tested: Bataviae, Bratislava, Hardjobovis, Hardjo (OMS), Hardjo (CTG), Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Hardjo (Bolivia), through the microscopic agglutination test method (SAM). Of the total samples tested 354 (91.50%) were reactive serum for at least one serovar and 33 (8.50%) were negative. Three serotypes of serogroup Sejroe were more frequent, Hardjo (Bolivia) (79.30%), Hardjo (OMS) (64.8%) and Hardjobovis (64.10%). It is important to know the higher incidence of serotypes in the region studied so that the directions of combat and infection control are efficient, minimizing the potential risk of contamination and maintenance of leptospirosis in the herd.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico das deficiências de macro e micro minerais em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis) provenientes da Ilha de Marajó, Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-06-30) OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
This study aimed to evaluate in buffaloes of the Marajó Island serum concentrations and phosphorus in bones, the percentage of ashes and the specific density of the bones, the levels of copper, cobalt, selenium, zinc and iron before and after selective mineral supplementation. For this study, 14 crossbred buffaloes of Murrah and Mediterranean aged between 18 and 36 months were used. The average values of phosphorus, before supplementation, were 5, 68 mg/dl ± 1.18 in serum and 16.53% ± 0.53 in the bones. The percentage of ashes in bones was 59.95% ± 1.96 and the specific bone density was 1,52 g/cm3 ± 0.32, which demonstrates a phosphorus deficiency in animals raised on the island of Marajó. The average copper values were 7.75 ± 1.73 ppm, the cobalt ± 0.17 0.40 ppm, the zinc of 88.01 ± 35.03 ppm, the 0.22 ppm selenium and iron ± 0.12 1395.72 ± 764.74 ppm. These results indicate a deficiency of copper, zinc and selenium, cobalt and appropriate values of excess iron in the liver. After supplementation for a period of seven months the phosphorus values were 6.61 mg / dl in serum ± 0.87 and 16.90 ± 0.56% in the bones. The percentage of ash was 60.30% ± 0.95 and the specific bone density was 1.71 g/cm3 ± 0.21. These values characterize a significant increase in the concentrations of P in blood serum, in the percentage of P in the ashes and on specific bone density (P < 0.05), however there wasn't a significant increase in the percentage of ash. The average increase in the values of P in the bones and the ashes did not reach heights of normality, however 28.6% of the animals had normal serum P values, 50% had normal values of P in the ashes and 64.3% of the animals had specific normal bone density. There was no response to supplementation in relation to the percentage of ash. Regarding micro minerals, after supplementation values were 205.41 ± 80.54 ppm for copper, 0.40 ± 0.22 ppm for cobalt, 75.71 ± 11.74 ppm for zinc, 1.30 ppm ± 1.34 for selenium and 826.48 ± 394.76 ppm for iron, which shows a significant increase (P <0.05) concentrations of copper and selenium and a significant decrease in the amounts of iron (P <0, 05). There was no response to supplementation in relation to the percentage of ashes. Regarding micro minerals, after supplementation values were 205.41 ± 80.54 ppm for copper, 0.40 ± 0.22 ppm for cobalt, 75.71 ± 11.74 ppm for zinc, 1.30 ppm ± 1.34 for selenium and 826.48 ± 394.76 ppm for iron, which shows a significant increase (P <0.05) concentrations of copper and selenium and a significant decrease in the amounts of iron (P <0, 05). There was no recovery of zinc and cobalt concentrations which remained within the normal range. Failure to increased concentrations of zinc in the liver after supplementation may have occurred because of the high concentrations of calcium in Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu used in animal nutrition.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estrutura e ultraestrutura do epitélio epididimário de búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) em diferentes idades
(Universidade Estadual de Campinas, 1995-02-17) SANTOS, Jeannie Nascimento dos; DOLDER, Mary Anne Heidi; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7046643907575335
The zonation of the buffalo epididymis of Mediterranea (Me), Murrah (mu) breeds and croosbreed Me x Mu was studied in 4 to 36 month old animals. These buffalos were c1assified in two groups, the animals which have not reached puberty (sexually immature) and animals (mature animals) and their epididymis was divided in 7 subregions called A to G. each subregion was analysed with and transmission electron microscopy. Light microscopy inc1uded routine staining with Hematoxilin & Eosin (HE), histochemistry with P AS and morphometric analysis for tubular and luminal diameters and height of epithelium and stereocilia. Throughout the epididymary tubule it was observed with light microscopy that tubules of alI ages have Principal cell (P), basal cell (B), Apical ceeII (A) and intraepithelialleukocytes (LI). Mitotic figures in the apical region of the epithelium are also found and are more numerous in the B and C subregions, specially in buffalos between 5 and 9 months of age. Histochemical analysis revealed the existence of secretory activity from the 5th month of age, principally in the A subregion, where the activity increases with sexual maturation. Morphometric analysis supports the idea that the buffalos which have not reached puberty already havee weell determined diameters and height variations of the tubule, lumen, epithelium and stereocilia. These variations were similar to that observed in buffalos after puberty. Tubular and luminal diameters increase from the A to G subregions while the height of epithelium and stereocilia diminish. However, in both morphometric features a significant difference (p
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da paratuberculose em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis) no estado do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-11) REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
This study investigated paratuberculosis (PTB) in water buffaloes in the state of Maranhão (MA). For that were performed using the rectal biopsy as an auxiliary tool in the collection of samples for ante mortem diagnosis of PTB; dosages of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in PTB positive animals was performed, as well as the report of the detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Map) in the utero and fetus of a buffalo. In the first study were conducted 140 rectal biopsies in buffaloes of Murrah, Mediterranean and their crossbreeds, over the age of three years in São Mateus, MA. These biopsies were processed by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Postmortem examination of 11 buffaloes with clinical signs suggestive of PTB was performed and samples of ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) were collected for performing qPCR and ZN. By ZN staining of rectal biopsies, 4.3% (6/140) acid-fast bacilli and qPCR, 5% (7/140) had amplification of genetic material. The pathological lesions of four animals were consistent with lesions suggestive of PTB showed acid-fast bacilli and amplification of genetic material. The correlation between rectal biopsy and analysis of ileal tissue and LM, according to the Kappa test was high (K=0.792). In the second study, 13 postmortem examination were carried in buffaloes of Murrah, Mediterranean and their crossbreeds, over the age of three years in the cities of São Mateus and São Luís, MA. Ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes samples were collected for Map search and liver to dosage minerals (Cu, Zn and Fe). Seven buffaloes were positive for PTB and allocated in Group 1; six buffaloes were negative and allocated in Group 2. In the dosing of trace minerals in Group 1 showed levels below the reference values for Cu and Zn. It was observed that the average Cu concentration was 18.0ppm and Zn 68.6ppm. In Group 2 the average Cu concentration was 113.7ppm and Zn 110.0ppm. The iron concentrations in both groups were high (>669ppm). The third study was conducted on a property in São Luís, MA. A buffalo cow pregnant with marked physical debility and clinical signs suggestive of PTB was eutanasiada and necropsiada. Fragments ileum, MLN, uterus, and placenta of buffalo cow were collected; fragments of kidney, liver, umbilical vessel and digestive system (DS) of the fetus were collected and were analyzed by Zn and qPCR. The buffalo cow was positive in ileum samples, mesenteric lymph nodes and uterus in qPCR and the fetus was positive in DS. In the ileum, MLN and feces were observed acid-fast bacilli. It is concluded that rectal biopsy analysis can be used to help diagnose ante mortem. The PTB could lead to mineral deficiency and worsen the clinical condition of the buffaloes. The presence of Map in buffalo can occur in various organs, including the reproductive system and intrauterine transmission can occur in this species.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Infecção por Brucella abortus em búfalas (Bubalus bubalis)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3339195791140438; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
The objective of this study was to detect Brucella abortus and injuries caused by the bacteria in fetal membranes and fetuses, and in lymph nodes of buffaloes as well as to describe the lesions caused. Twenty buffaloes serologically positive for brucellosis were used and subjected to stamping for collection of material from the closed uterus of several months gestation. Fragments of lymph nodes were collected. Fetal age was determined by ultrasound examination and the size of fetuses was measured at necropsy. The samples were subjected to histopathology and qPCR. From the second month of pregnancy on it was possible to detect the presence of B. abortus DNA in amniotic fluid, allantoic liquid and uterus, and from the fifth month on in placenta, heart, spleen, kidney, lung, intestine, liver and lymph nodes of the fetuses. The main pathological findings were fibrinous suppurative necrotic placentitis, and chronic endometritis. The detection of B. abortus DNA in the lymph nodes was checked from the fourth month of pregnancy in seven buffaloes and in a post-calving buffalo. Acute to chronic lymphadenitis was histologically diagnosed. B. abortus DNA was detected in all evaluated groups of lymph nodes; the mammary lymph nodes were the most affected.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Infecção transplacentária e intrauterina por Brucella abortus em búfalos (Bubalus bubalis)
(2015-11) SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; SALVARANI, Felipe Masiero; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; FONSECA JÚNIOR, Antônio Augusto; PREIS, Ingred Sales; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; LEITE, Rômulo Cerqueira; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The objective of this study was to detect Brucella abortus and injuries caused by the bacteria in fetal membranes and fetuses. Twenty buffaloes serologically positive for brucellosis were used and subjected to stamping for collection of material from the closed uterus of several months gestation. Fetal age was determined by ultrasound examination and the size of fetuses was measured at necropsy. The samples were subjected to histopathology and qPCR. From the second month of pregnancy on it was possible to detect the presence of B. abortus DNA in amniotic fluid, allantoic liquid and uterus, and from the fifth month on in placenta, heart, spleen, kidney, lung, intestine, liver and lymph nodes of the fetuses. The main pathological findings were fibrinous suppurative necrotic placentitis, and chronic endometritis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Karyotypic evolution of ribosomal sites in buffalo subspecies and their crossbreed
(2014-06) DEGRANDI, Tiago Marafiga; PITA, Sebastian; PANZERA, Yanina; OLIVEIRA, Edivaldo Herculano Correa de; MARQUES, José Ribamar Felipe; FIGUEIRÓ, Marivaldo Rodrigues; MARQUES, Larissa Coelho; VINADE, Lucia Helena do Canto; GUNSKI, Ricardo José; DEL VALLE GARNERO, Analía
Domestic buffaloes are divided into two group based on cytogenetic characteristics and habitats: the “river buffaloes” with 2n = 50 and the “swamp buffaloes”, 2n = 48. Nevertheless, their hybrids are viable, fertile and identified by a 2n = 49. In order to have a better characterization of these different cytotypes of buffaloes, and considering that NOR-bearing chromosomes are involved in the rearrangements responsible for the karyotypic differences, we applied silver staining (Ag-NOR) and performed fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments using 18S rDNA as probe. Metaphases were obtained through blood lymphocyte culture of 21 individuals, including river, swamp and hybrid cytotypes. Ag-NOR staining revealed active NORs on six chromosome pairs (3p, 4p, 6, 21, 23, 24) in the river buffaloes, whereas the swamp buffaloes presented only five NOR-bearing pairs (4p, 6, 20, 22, 23). The F1 crossbreed had 11 chromosomes with active NORs, indicating expression of both parental chromosomes. FISH analysis confirmed the numerical divergence identified with Ag-NOR. This result is explained by the loss of the NOR located on chromosome 4p in the river buffalo, which is involved in the tandem fusion with chromosome 9 in this subspecies. A comparison with the ancestral cattle karyotype suggests that the NOR found on the 3p of the river buffalo may have originated from a duplication of ribosomal genes, resulting in the formation of new NOR sites in this subspecies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ocorrência de anticorpos contra os vírus da leucose enzoótica bovina, rinotraqueíte infecciosa bovina e diarreia viral bovina em bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis) no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-28) MONGER, Suellen da Gama Barbosa; PEREIRA, Washington Luiz Assunção; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9266281009742277
Bovine Leukosis, Bovine Viral Diarrhea and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis are among the main viruses that lead to losses in productivity and reproductive performance of ruminants. Although cattle and buffalo are often created together, and despite the proven occurrence of these diseases in buffalo, papers about natural occurrence of these infections in this species are scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of antibodies against the Bovine Leukosis Virus (BLV), Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) and Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR) in buffalo creations located in the “Paraense” Northeast Mesoregion, Greater Metropolitan Belém and Marajó Mesoregion, Pará, in addition to identify the risk factors for BVD in creations located in “Paraense” Northeast Mesoregion and Greater Metropolitan Belém. In this study 350 buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) sera were evaluated, coming from farms located in each mesoregion, that were subjected to serological techniques: immunodiffusion for (BLV) and serum neutralizing for BVD and IBR. Frequency of the respective diseases in the study population were: 0% (0/350), 53,71% (188/350) and 91,71% (321/350). Male buffaloes and older animals had higher seropositivity for BVD. The frequency of BVD seroreagents buffaloes was higher in Marajó Mesoregion compared to “Paraense” Northeast Mesoregion and Greater Metropolitan Belém, whereas for IBR the opposite occurred. Among the variables investigated, the type of milking was the only identified as a risk factor for the occurrence of BVD in buffaloes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil hematológico e bioquímico de búfalos ( Bubalus bubalis ) na Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-12) FONTES, Deiseane Gaia; MONTEIRO, Maria Vivina Barros; JORGE, Ediene Moura; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; RITTER, Rhuan Amorim; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; SILVA FILHO, Ednaldo da; MONTEIRO, Frederico Ozanan Barros
Complete blood cell count and biochemical testing are exams routinely used in assessing the health of domestic animals, including buffaloes. In the Amazon region, research on this subject is scarce. Thus, the aim of this study was to establish reference intervals for hematology and blood chemistry of Bubalus bubalis raised in eastern Amazon and evaluate the effects of age and sex on biochemical and hematological values. Seventy-three (n=73) Murrah buffaloes were divided into three groups, group 1 (G1, n=22): animals from two to eight months, group 2 (G2, n=23): animals from nine months to two years and group 3 (G3, n=28): animals over two years. Blood counts and biochemical analyzes were performed on automated equipment. The reference intervals were established as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Tukey and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to evaluate the effect of gender and age, with differences considered significant when P <0.05. There was influence of age on the values of red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin , leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, platelets, mean platelet volume (MPV), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (HCM), Red Blood Cell Distribution Width (RDW) and the proportion of neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L). The gender affected MCV and the Platelets Distribution Width (PDW), which were higher (P<0.05) in females, while RDW was higher in males. Comparing the biochemical parameters among age groups, it was found that age influenced the activity of the enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the concentrations of creatinine, total protein and direct bilirubin. Creatinine concentrations and direct bilirubin were significantly higher in animals of older age. The gender affected the activity of AST and the concentration of direct bilirubin, which were higher (P <0.05) in males. Hematological and biochemical values set in this study can be used as a reference for buffaloes bred in eastern Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Polimorfismos na região promotora, Éxon I e Éxon II do gene do receptor da melatonina associados às características reprodutivas em búfalas na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-06-18) BARBOSA, Elizabeth Machado; RIBEIRO, Haroldo Francisco Lobato; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1614582293203770
The buffaloes production in the Pará state have is a high representative activity to the regional economy and production of meat, milk and dairy products. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new technologies that increase the enjoyment of the production and reproduction of buffaloes in the Amazon region. Thus, the objectives of this research thesis was to characterize the promoter region of the melatonin receptor gene 1 (MTRN1A) and identify polymorphisms in exons I and II of that gene and link them to reproductive traits that have economic importance in buffaloes in the region Amazon. Were collected 400 buffaloes samples and 60 animals were used to characterize the promoter region, 140 to detect the polymorphism (SNPs) in exon II and 77 to detect the polymorphism in exon I. DNA extraction was peformed by phenol method. Then were selected different primers to make Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The promoter region was sequenced MTRN1A a total of 1621 base pairs by the Sanger method, polymorphism in exon II was detected by PCR-RFLP (Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) with HpaI enzyme and the polymorphism exon I was found by sequencing DNA by Sanger method. Allele and genotype frequencies of all SNPs were evaluated, the inbreeding coefficient (Fis) and the likelihood of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. SNPs in the promoter region and exon I have been associated with reproductive traits of buffaloes by ANOVA or Student's t test and / or chisquare test. The significance level was 0,05. 26 SNPs were detected in the promoter region at positions -1511 (C → T), -1465 (G → T), -1422 (A → G), -1411 (G → A), -1395 (G → T), - 1298 (A → G) -1295 (G → A) -1242 (C → A) -1150 (C → T), -1 147 (G → C) -1136 (A → G) -911 ( G → A), -909 (A → G) -724 (C → G) -656 (A → C) -649 (C → T), -644 (G → A), -511 (A → C) -481 (G → A), -425 (C → T) -395 (G → A), -383 (G → T), -254 (C → T) -206 (T → C) , -133 (T → G) and -94 (C → T) and a deletion unit (ACAA) at position -1483. Of the total detected SNPs, 75% of the wild alleles tiveral frequencies greater than 0,5. For the characteristic interval between calving (IEP), only five SNPs (-1298, -1136, -911, -724 and - 656) were significantly associated (P <0.05) and three SNPs (-1395, -724 and -94) were significantly associated (P <0.05) with the characteristic age at first calving (IPP) and none for the characteristic concentration of deliveries (P> 0.05). A total of 11 SNPs was strongly associated with binding factors in gene regulation. The SNP in exon II by PCR-RFLP (HpaI) at position 306 (T → C), the most frequent allele T in Upland animals (0,529) and C in lowland animals, the two populations showed coefficients Fis inbreeding (0,040 and 0,091, respectively) and strong deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P> 0.05). The mutation occurs at codon 106 and is the sinonímio type without changing the messenger RNA handles structure. The SNP in exon I was detected at position 62 (T → C) and of the non sinonímio, exchanging of Leucine to Proline. The mutant allele was the most frequent C (0,623) inbreeding coefficient Fis = 0.397 and Hardy-Weinberg deviations (P <0.05). None of the genotypes were associated with calving interval and age at first birth (P> 0.05). Therefore, SNPs are strong candidates for selection, but it would be interesting to evaluate them in other herds in the Amazon region and / or in other regions of Brazil and / or other countries to effect them as excellent molecular markers for reproductive traits of buffalo.