Navegando por Assunto "Buriti"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Adsorção de ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético em carvão ativado granular de resíduos de buriti (mauritia flexuosa l.): estudo em batelada e leito fixo. Orientador: Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria. 2024. 135 f.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-27) ARAÚJO, Raíssa Cristine Santos de; FARIA, Lênio José Guerreiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7428609361678173
Pesticides, when applied responsibly, are essential for agricultural productivity, however, depending on their dosage or frequency of exposure, they can cause numerous problems for human health, in addition to the contamination of soil and surface or underground water. Following this problem, this manuscript aimed to evaluate the adsorption of the herbicide 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) using physically activated granular carbon (CAT) and chemically activated granular carbon with ZnCl2 (CAQ) produced from the endocarp and endosperm of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.), typical fruit from the Amazon region. The adsorbents were characterized in terms their textural and physicochemical properties through the percentage of ash, moisture, specific surface area (SBET), pore volume (Vtotal), by SEM/EDS, XRD, FTIR spectroscopy, TGA/DTA, the surface functional groups, point of zero charge (pHPCZ) and the surface pH of the carbon. Batch adsorption tests were carried out to elucidate the influence of activated carbon dosage and the effect of solution pH. The adsorption mechanisms and the nature of the process were investigated by studying the kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics for the coal with the highest performance. The best results for adsorbate removal percentage were CAT (96.93%) and CAQ (92.46%) and the adsorption capacity CAT (29.00 mg.g-1 ) and CAQ (137.70 mg.g -1 ) within 24 hours, pH 2.0 and dosage of 0.25 g of CAT and 0.05 g of CAQ. The CAQ adsorbent showed superior results in removal and adsorption capacity, with its kinetics fitting the pseudo-second order model, with external diffusion being the determining stage of the adsorption process. The isotherms were satisfactorily fitted to the Sips model. The thermodynamic data revealed the endothermic, physical and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process. The adsorption on fixed bed confirmed that the adsorvent mass, concentration of solution and the inlet flow were influent in the adsorption process, highlighting the efficiency of simultaneous optimization tecnic, within the experimental region explored in this work. Both interactions showed that the charcoals produced present high yield, with the development of pores and surface groups, and excellent performance in removing the 2,4-D herbicide, promising substitutes for commercial carbons.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Characterization of Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) oil by absorption and emission spectroscopies
(2005-12) ALBUQUERQUE, Marcos Lázaro de Souza; SILVA, Ilde Guedes da; ALCANTARA JUNIOR, Petrus Agrippino de; MOREIRA, Sanclayton Geraldo Carneiro; BARBOSA NETO, Newton Martins; CORRÊA, Daniel Souza; ZILIO, Sérgio Carlos
Oil samples obtained from Buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L.) palm tree fruits were characterized by absorption and emission spectroscopies. The absorption spectrum was recorded in the range from 300 to 2000 nm, while the emission spectrum was analyzed between 400 and 800 nm, where several bands were observed. To better understand these complex spectra, we recorded both absorption and emission spectra of its major components. By correlating these data, we present a discussion on the possible origin of the bands observed.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ecologia da polinização do buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. – Arecaceae) na restinga de Barreirinhas, Maranhão, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) MENDES, Fernanda Nogueira; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9638288458835324; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
The study of native palms is important for its great value economic and in maintenance of communities of several species of vertebrates and invertebrates that feed on their fruits, seeds and leaves. The efficiency in the production of palm fruits is directly related to the presence of pollinating insects, especially beetles, bees and flies. The palm Mauritia flexuosa, commonly known as buriti, is the most abundant species in Brazil and is also called the "tree of life" because it is 100% usable. This study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of the pollination ecology of buriti in Restinga, in the municipality of Barreirinhas, Maranhão, Brazil. Therefore, we obtained data on reproductive phenology, floral biology, breeding system, and flower visitors. For phenological monitoring 25 individuals of each sex were selected, which were observed from August/2009 to October/2012. The stages of a flower and fruit were related to climatic variables through correlation Speaman. The process of anthesis and floral longevity was observed during peak flowering species, verifying the pollen viability, stigmatic receptivity, the regions emitting scent and occurrence of thermogenesis. Tests of cross-pollination and apomixis were made to check the reproductive system. The transport of pollen grains by wind was observed through glass slides greased with vaseline which have remained hanging near the pistillate inflorescences for 24 hours. The floral visitors were collected by bagging inflorescences of 20 of each sex and were classified according to the frequency and behavior. The buriti presented annual, synchronous and seasonal phenological pattern with flowering from August to November and peak fruit falling in September, which corresponds to the dry season, differing from that of the Amazon, where these phenological events occurred in rainy season. This difference can be explained by the greater availability of water in the region, which makes the buriti not necessarily depend on the rains to flowering. This was evidenced by the significant negative correlation of phenophases with precipitation and relative humidity. A strong solar irradiation and water availability in the environment contributed to the success in flowering and fruiting of buriti. In addition, biotic factors may have influenced the phenology, whose reproductive strategy adopted appears to be synchronization of flowering and fruiting with the activity of pollinators and seed dispersers. Thus the species warrants its reproduction in an optimal period for seed germination and seedling establishment. The reproductive system of buriti is xenogamic. The set of floral traits, combined with the abundance of pollen and the strong odor suggests that the buriti has as its main strategy pollination cantharophly, but the wind has a great importance in pollination. Besides presenting a mixed pollination (ambophily), flowers buriti attracted a wide variety of visitors, whose wealth was higher than those observed in the the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Fatty acid profiles and tocopherol contents of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa), patawa (Oenocarpus bataua), tucuma (Astrocaryum vulgare), mari (Poraqueiba paraensis) and inaja (Maximiliana maripa) fruits
(2010) RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; DARNET, Sylvain Henri; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da
Amazonian fruits are rich in fat but have a fatty acid profile that may be beneficial in relation to risk of coronary heart disease. Amazonian fruits also contain other potentially cardioprotective constituents including tocopherols. Tocopherol profiles were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and fatty acid profiles were determined by gas chromatography (GC). In the present study, the total oil content, fatty acid composition and tocopherol content of the pulps of five Amazonian fruits (buriti, patawa, tucuma, mari and inaja) were measured. The total oil content of the fruits ranged from 31.0 to 41.8%. The major fatty acid in all of the fruits was oleic acid (C18:1), though substantial levels of palmitic acid (C16:0) were present. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the main polyunsatured fatty acid observed. α-Tocopherol was the most prevalent tocopherol except in buriti pulp. Buriti and mari pulp have a high content in α-tocopherols with 297 and 155 µg g-1 of dry matter. Our data indicate that all five of these Amazonian fruits are good sources of unsaturated fatty acids and tocopherols.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Hygroscopic behavior of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) fruit
(2011-12) MELO, Wellington dos Santos; PENA, Rosinelson da Silva; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da
The objective of this study was to perform an analysis of the characterization of buriti fruit (Mauritia flexuosa). Each part of the fruit (peel, pulp, and fibrous part) was analyzed and their hygroscopic behavior was evaluated to establish the drying and storage conditions. Adsorption and desorption isotherms were obtained at 25 °C to the monolayer value was estimated, and the application of the Halsey, Handerson, Kuhn, Mizrahi, Oswin, Smith, BET, and GAB models was evaluated to the prediction of the isotherms. The fruit pulp was classified as rich in high quality oil, and like the peel and the fibrous part, it was also considered as rich in dietary fiber. The isotherms of the fruit parts were classified as type II, and their microbiological stability (aw< 0.6) can be maintained at 25 °C if the moisture content is lower than 8.5, 7.3, and 11.0 g H2O.100 g-1 of dry matter (d.m.), respectively. The hygroscopic behavior showed that in order to ensure stability, the fruit parts should be packaged with low water vapor permeability. The monolayer demonstrated that the peel, pulp, and the fibrous part cannot be dried under moisture content lower than 5.9, 5.0, and 6.4 g H2O.100 g-1 d.m., respectively. GAB was the most adequate model to describe their isotherms.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Nutritional composition, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) and patawa (Oenocarpus bataua) fruit pulp from the amazon region
(2011-06) DARNET, Sylvain Henri; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; LINS, Roseana Telles
Buriti and patawa are two endemic palm trees from the Amazon region. Their pulps are traditionally consumed by the local population, but are underused and lesser known worldwide. Nutritional composition, fatty acid and tocopherol contents of the two palm pulps were determined by modern analytical methods: Gas Chromatography (CG) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), based on the standards of AOCS (AMERICAN..., 2002) and AOAC (ASSOCIATION..., 1997), respectively. Buriti and patawa fruit pulps are highly nutritive, with respectively, high fat content (38.4% and 29.1% of dry matter (DM)), protein content (7.6% and 7.4% of DM) and dietary fibers (46% and 44.7% of DM). Buriti pulp can be considered healthy food due its high content of vitamin E (1169 µg.g-1 DM). Patawa pulp is highly oleaginous and its fatty acid composition is very similar to the ones of healthy oils, such as olive oil.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Obtenção e caracterização de carvão ativado de caroço de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa L. f.) para avaliar o processo de adsorção de uma solução de Cu (II)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-30) PINTO, Marcos Vinicios de Souza; SILVA, Denilson Luz da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4241759369873376
Buriti core carbon (CCB) was produced from the reject of artisanal production of its fruit for the extraction of oil, heated to 400ºC. Then, the CCB was activated at temperatures of 800ºC and 900ºC. Adsorption tests were performed to evaluate the discharge of these activation temperatures in the adsorption of a solution of copper (II) to a known initial concentration of 50 mg/L. After having examined the results, it was decided by the activation of coal to 900ºC. The activated carbon of the buriti core (CACB) to 900ºC was characterized according to commercial properties such as specific area, porosimetry, apparent and real densities, porosity of a bed fix, scanning electron microscopy, ash content, pH, moisture, fixed carbon and acid surface functional groups present in the CACB. The results showed a higher removal efficiency of copper (II) to the diameter D < 0.595 mm, for the contact time of 300 minutes, for the pH of 4.01 and the initial concentrations of copper (II) 50 and 80 mg/L. Mathematical models of Langmuir and Freundlich were applied to the data of adsorption equilibrium. The mathematical model of Langmuir was the best fit to the data of balance. The Langmuir’s mathematical model was the best fit to the data of balance. According to data from the kinetic equilibrium, it was observed that from the contact time of 15 minutes all the equilibrium concentrations were below the allowed maximum of 1,0 mg/L under the law CONAMA nº 357/2005 for release effluent into aqueous environments. The experimental results obtained are indicative that it is possible to remove copper (II) from industrial effluent using CACB activated physically at 900ºC for a period of 60 minutes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção de ésteres etílicos utilizando rejeito da neutralização do processo do refino dos óleos de buriti, maracujá e castanha-do-pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-27) BRITO, Rogerio da Cunha; NASCIMENTO, Luis Adriano Santos do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3720461233595226
This study deals with ethyl esters obtainment by using three neutralization soapstock generated from the refining process of Buriti oil, Passion fruit and Brazilian nut (Pará nut). At first, acidification of blots was performed to obtain fatty acids concentration, in order to do so it was used a reagent sulfuric acid leaving to react for 50 min at a temperature of around 85 ° C. Moreover, there was formation of three phases: oil component, fat emulsion and phase acidic water, the supernatant phase (oil component) of interest in the possible presence of fatty acids. Characterization by gas chromatography lees of three samples was performed to quantify the fatty acids present therein, the molar masses were determined and also the acid value. The oil components resulting from the acidification reaction were characterized by a saponification number, acid number and the conversion ratios which have the following values: for burity 96.5%, 94.2% for passion fruit and 90.4% and for Brazilian nut. The acidification of the product (oil component) of burity, passion fruit and Brazilian nut were subjected to esterification reaction, in which ethanol was used as a reactant molar ratio 1:30 (oil: ethanol) and 5% catalyst (in relation to the mass of the oil component). The reaction occurred for 60 minutes at a temperature of about 90 ° C. The same parameters were applied for the three reactions. The characterization of ethyl esters was determined by some quality parameters required by ANP, as acidity index, bulk density, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C and also the content of ethyl esters present in the sample. The rates of conversion of oil components to ethyl esters showed the following percentage: 93.42% (buriti), 91.71% (passion fruit) and 89.38% (Brazilian nut). Despite the higher conversion into ethyl esters have been observed for the Buriti, samples of passion fruit and Brazilian nutt, also had satisfactory results, as those values revealed that the samples have high potential for reuse serving as raw material for production biodiesel.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Propriedades reológicas do suco de buriti (Mauritia flexuosa)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-02) RODRIGUES, Antonio Manoel da Cruz; BEZERRA, Carolina Vieira; SILVA, Ivonete Quaresma da; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da
Knowing the rheological behavior of tropical fruit juices is very important for both consumers and food industry. This study investigated the rheological behavior of buriti (Mauritia flexuosa) juice. The rheological data were obtained through a rotational viscometer with concentric cylinder geometry (Brookfield, model DV II+). The assays were carried out at six different temperatures (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 °C) and the experimental results were adjusted through the Power Law and Mizrahi-Berk models. The buriti juice showed non-Newtonian behavior at the six temperatures. When quantifying apparent viscosity (hap), therheological parameters (K and n) were obtained by adjusting the Power Law, which was shown to be quite appropriate in predicting the juice’s rheological behavior, with determination coefficients r² > 0.99 for five out of the six temperatures investigated. The product showed pseudoplastic (n < 1) behavior and the flow behavior index decreased as temperature increased. The effect of temperature on apparent viscosity was described through an Arrhenius equation and discussed in terms of energy of activation (Ea) and the values of Ea ranged from 2.84 to 3.0 kcal/gmol for the strain rate used.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reproductive phenology of Mauritia flexuosa L. (Arecaceae) in a coastal restinga environment in northeastern Brazil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03) MENDES, Fernanda Nogueira; VALENTE, Roberta de Melo; RÊGO, Márcia Maria Corrêa; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina
The buriti, Mauritia flexuosa, is the most common palm in Brazil, where it has considerable ecological and economic importance. However, few data are available on the phenology of the species, mainly in coastal restinga ecosystems. The present study monitored the reproductive phenology of M. flexuosa in the restinga of Barreirinhas, in the Brazilian Northeast, and investigated the relationship between phenophases and climatic variables. The presence/absence of flowers and fruits was recorded monthly in 25 individuals of each sex between August, 2009, and October, 2012. There was no difference in the phenology of male and female specimens, with flowering and fruiting occurring exclusively in the dry season. We believe that the specific abiotic characteristics of the study environment, such as the intense sunlight and availability of water in the soil, contribute to the reproductive success of M. flexuosa in the dry season, with consequent germination and establishment of seedlings occurring during the subsequent rainy season