Navegando por Assunto "Calorimetria"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aproveitamento dos resíduos cauliníticos das indústrias de beneficiamento de caulim da região amazônica como matéria-prima para fabricação de um material de construção (pozolanas)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-12-18) BARATA, Márcio Santos; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7501959623721607; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-5523
The Capim and Jarí regions are the most important kaolin district in the Amazon region, with the largest Brazilian reserves of high whiteness kaolin for paper coating products. Kaolin is obtained from three companies (IRCC, PPSA and CADAM) which produce annually around 1,000 M ton kaolinite-rich wastes derived mainly from the centrifugation phase of the process. The sludge is disposed on artificial sedimentary lakes covering large areas. Another type of kaolin waste is related to a non-processed iron-rich hard or flint kaolin, that overlays the so-called soft kaolin horizon (the main ore). These wastes exhibit appropriate characteristics for the production of high-reactivity metakaolin because they are extremely fine and composed of mainly by kaolinite. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate the feasibility of using these wastes as raw materials to produce mineral admixtures for OPC concretes. The wastes were firstly characterized for x-rays diffraction, thermal analysis, infrared spectroscopy, x-rays fluorescence and SEM. Three heating temperatures were evaluated: 750ºC, 850ºC and 900ºC, followed by pozzolanic activity tests based on traditional mechanical assays using Portland cement and hydrated lime mortars, and “Chapelle” test. The results showed that the more reactive pozzolans are those produced at temperatures that gave rise to higher LOI. The optimum burning temperature to produce metakaolinite from the hard kaolin was obtained at 750ºC while those from the Rio Jari and Rio Capim wastes were at 850ºC and 900ºC. The main reason is related to differences in the amounts of defects from three different wastes. The flint kaolin and Rio Jari waste are mainly composed by a “high-defect” kaolinite while the kaolinite from Rio Capim waste is a “lowdefect” kaolinite. In concrete test using different pozzolans those with metakaolin from wastes improved the mechanical and durability properties in comparasion to silica fume, a industrially manufactured metakaolin and reference concretes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da reatividade de adições minerais em pasta de cimento Portlan utilizando calorimetria de fluxo de calor (Heat Flow Calorimetry).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-06-10) LACERDA, Dayane Izabelita Santos; SCHELLER, Thomas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5712304485190137
The use of mineral additions in the production of cement compounds or in concrete elaboration generates some benefits, either from an economic point of view or when related to the environment preservation. Although limestone deposits are abundant all over the country, the introduction of residues decrease the production costs, besides the fact that the cement industry constitutes an alternative way for reciclation of some other industrial residues. The pozzolan and blast furnace slag are the main raw materials utilized as addition in the ordinary portland cement. The main advantage of their use is the low cost, the durability in aggressive environments and their low hydration heat. As for the hydration reaction, the ordinary portland cement produces hydrated compounds that directly influence its mechanical resistance. The main products are hydrated silicates, portlandite Ca(OH)2 and sulphoraluminates. On the other hand, the presence of addition minerals leads to the combination and reduction of the paste of the portlandite, with the formation of more stable and more resistant hydrated calcium silicates. The use of alternative agglomerate in ordinary portland cement has been the target of investigations in Brazil and abroad. Despite of great number of works on the subject published so far, such as Flores (1989), Marteli (1997), Hildebrando (1998), Barata & Dal Molin (2002) e Carneiro (2003), there are few data about the behavior of these residues when they are mixed to the cement, principally with respect to the study of the heat flux calorimetry of the hydration products of the cement. The isothermal or conduction calorimeter is extensively used in the research of reaction kinematics. Thermal ocouples are used to convert the thermal flow into voltage, which in turn can be monitored. The heat flow calorimeter can be used in the study of limestone carbonatation reactions, hydration reactions and liquid influence, as well as polymerization reactions and glasses, etc. The main objective of this work is the use of the heat flow calorimeter of the Applied Geochemistry and Mineralogy Group (AGMG) laboratory in the study of cement paste behavior with mineral additions, with the aim of comparing and verifying the influence of these materials in the reaction of hydration of the ordinary cement. For the calorimeter analysis, we have used an ordinary portland cement CP I, in which was added rice husk ash, fly ash, blast furnace slag (BFS), red mud, metakaolin, and silica fume in the preparation of the paste, with an water/cement ratio of 0.5, using concentrations of 10, 20, 30%, respectively, with a total duration of 50 hours. Only in the red mud we have added kaolin a calcinated at 900 ˚C, in order to neutralize the sodium hydroxide present in the sample, due to the Bayer process. X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal analysis (ATD/ATG) permitted the identification of the presence of the main products of the hydration reaction and of the portlandite. The results presented indicate that the substitution of part of the cement with mineral additions reduces the hydration heat formed during the reaction of the cement with water. However, the red mud and the metakaolin presented an antecipation of the hydration heat. The metakaolin is highly reactive, since it is composed of fine grains and a large amount of amorphous materials.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estruturas supramoleculares de α-lactoalbumina e glicomacropeptídeo: produção, caracterização, propriedades funcionais e carreamento de vitamina B2 e quercetina
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-03-01) DINIZ, Renata Silva; SILVA, Luiza Helena Meller da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2311121099883170
This study aimed to produce, characterize and verify the technical and functional properties of α-lactalbumin (α-la) and glycomacropeptide (GMP) supramolecular structures, and their potential in the food industry. The α-la/GMP supramolecular structures were prepared in a molar ratio of 1: 0.689, respectively. This proportion was defined by isothermal titration calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry aided in determining the temperature values used since the formation of supramolecular structures was verified at higher and lower values than the denaturation temperature of the α-la. For GMP could not be established denaturation temperature, because it has no defined tertiary structure. The circular dichroism and fluorimetry analysis showed that there was interaction between α-la and GMP molecules. The supramolecular structures, in general, kept the α-helix secondary structures, but the intensity of these secondary structures may vary in the different conditions tested. The supramolecular structures have hydrophobic core. The particle size of supramolecular structures ranging from nano to micrometer, demonstrating that can be controlled through variables tested: pH (3.5 to 6.5) Heating temperature (25 to 75 °C) and heating time. The stability of supramolecular structures was evaluated by monitoring the particle size and the ζ potential at temperatures of 4 and 25 °C for 60 days. The supramolecular structures formed at pH 6.5 have higher system stability with ζ potential absolute values of approximately -30 mV. The morphology of supramolecular structures was determined by transmission electron microscopy and it was observed that proteins associated forming spherical structures. The foaming ability of supramolecular structures was evaluated by homogenization method, determining the increased volume, stability and expansion of the foam. It was found that the structures formed at pH 6.5 and 75 °C showed higher foaming ability. The emulsifying properties of the supramolecular structures were determined by the emulsifying activity index and emulsion stability index, using the turbidimetric method. However, the variables tested (pH, temperature and time) showed no effect on emulsifying properties. The surface tension of the supramolecular structures, determined by the Wilhelmy method showed a mean value of 50.825 mNm-1, demonstrating that the supramolecular structures can be effective in stabilizing emulsions and foam products. The supramolecular structures were able to encapsulate quercetin and vitamin B2, with maximum encapsulation efficiency of 98.64% and 31.11%, respectively. The stability of carrier systems was evaluated by monitoring the particle size and ζ potential for 60 days. For quercetin, systems prepared at pH 6.5 were stable for 60 days, while for vitamin B2, the stability of 60 days was demonstrated by the systems prepared at pH 3.5.