Navegando por Assunto "Capacidade motora"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ajustes motores compensatórios após lesão isquêmica focal unilateral do trato corticoespinhal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-30) CARVALHO, Walther Augusto de; BAHIA, Carlomagno Pacheco; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0910507988777644; PEREIRA JÚNIOR, Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1402289786010170
The aim of this work was to develop a new model of spinal cord injury caused by focal and unilateral transient ischemia after ET-1 microinjection in the dorsal funiculus and to evaluate the sensorimotor alterations of the anterior paw of rats (Wistar). Fifty (n = 50) animals (CEPAE / UFPA protocol BIO007912), who were trained, thirty-three (n = 33) were selected to compose control (n = 15), sham (n = 6) and injury (n = 12) groups. By using a micropipette, we injected the volume of 250 nL of saline (sham) or endothelin-1 (lesion) near the medial dorsal artery of the cervical segment C4 at a depth of 1 mm from the pial surface of the spinal cord. ET-1 induced cystic cavity formation of 0.421 mm2 (± 0.035 mm2, n = 3) on the corticospinal tract and suprajacent white matter, ipsilateral to the microinjection site that can be measured in cross-sections (50 μm) stained by the Nissl technique. The motor functions of the forepaw were evaluated by specific sensorimotor tests before and after injury at 3, 7 and 14 days. The results were evaluated by the ANOVA statistical test with Tukey post-hoc analysis (α = 0.05). Our results show in pasta test that after injury there is a compensatory motor behavior in which the non-preferential forepaw assumes the functions of the preferential forepaw. The Staircase test revealed a decrease in the ability to grasp the object with the preferred paw and the Contact test showed a decrease in sensitivity of the preferred paw.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Autonomia funcional de idosas praticantes de Pilates
(2010-12) RODRIGUES, Brena Guedes de Siqueira; CADER, Samaria Ali; TORRES, Natáli Valim Oliver Bento; OLIVEIRA, Ediléa Monteiro de; DANTAS, Estélio Henrique Martin
The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of the Pilates method on elderly women's functional autonomy. Fifty-two volunteers were submitted to the evaluation protocol of the Latin-American Group for Maturity Development (GDLAM), which consists of five tests: a 10-meter walk, get up from the sitting and lying down positions, get up and walk around at home, and to put on and take off a t-shirt. They were then divided into Pilates group (PG, n=27, mean age 66.9±5.3 years) and control group (CG, n=25, mean age 65.2±3.9 years old). PG underwent a series of 10 Pilates exercises twice-weekly for eight weeks, both groups being reassessed thereafter. The level of significance was set at p?0.05. Results showed PG's better scores in all tests and at the GDLAM index (p=0.035) after the intervention; control group showed a better score ((p=0.042) only at the 10-meter walk test, thus keeping the same initial classification of "regular" functionality.. Comparison between the groups after the intervention showed significant advantages for PG, including at the GDLAM index (p<0.05), whose classification rose from "regular" to "good". It may thus be said that practice of the Pilates method significantly enhanced functional performance of the elderly women studied.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos efeitos decorrentes da exposição ao cloreto de alumínio sobre parâmetros motores, cognitivos e de estresse oxidativo em ratos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-12-18) FERNANDES, Rafael Monteiro; LIMA, Rafael Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6791765554367432
Aluminum (Al) is the third most abundant metal in the earth's crust, being present in large amounts in soil and water, its high bioavailability makes it an important environmental contaminant. Al is considered a neurotoxic agent and accumulates in the nervous system, being this behavior associated with several neurodegenerative diseases. However, little is known about its effects at doses similar to human consumption in the nervous and biochemical systems. Thus, this study investigated the effects of chronic exposure to aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on cognition, motor behavior and oxidative stress. For this, adult Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Al1 (8.3 mg / kg / day), Al2 (5.2 mg / kg / day) and Control (Distilled water) being exposed orally for 60 days. After the exposure period, behavioral, histological, oxidative stress parameters and quantification of aluminum levels in the blood were performed. There were no changes in motor behavior, there was change in only one exploratory parameter and in cognition. No differences were found in the population of the purkinje neurons between the experimental groups. Exposure to Al increased levels of this metal in the blood, also altering the parameters of oxidative biochemistry. Thus, we can affirm that exposure to Al in rats, at doses equivalent to urban exposure and in potentially safe doses are capable of promoting breakage of blood homeostasis, altering hippocampal biochemical balance, generating a state of oxidative stress and cognitive damage, not being able to promote significant changes in the cerebellum and motor parameters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos efeitos comportamentais, teciduais e bioquímicos da administração intermitente e episódica de EtOH em ratas da adolescência à fase adulta
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-10-18) FERNANDES, Luanna de Melo Pereira; MAIA, Cristiane do Socorro Ferraz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4835820645258101
The consumption of ethanol (EtOH) is enhanced particularly in adolescent female pubic. The EtOH intake and intermittent episodic own consumption rate around 3 times per week. The toxic effects of this kind of consumption is especially dangerous over the continuous consumption of EtOH followed due to the high dietary intakes of abstinence, causing major changes in the central nervous system (CNS) maturing in a short time consumption. Considering the epidemiological relevance and the harmful effects of EtOH on the oxidative balance, hormone production and neurotrophin CNS maturing, the aim of this study was to investigate the behavioural, tissue and biochemical responses derived from intermittent and episodic consumption of EtOH in rats in phase from adolescence to adulthood. Wistar female adolescents (n = 80) received by gavage, distilled water or EtOH (3 g/kg/day) for 3 consecutive days per week. The animals were assessed seven and a half hours after the last administration day 1, 4 and 8 weeks of episodes of binge drinking (37, 58 and 86 DPN, respectively), besides, a period of 14 days of abstinence was added after BD 8 (100 DPN) to evaluate the ability to reverse the CNS damage generated on it. The battery of behavioural tests consisted of spontaneous locomotor activity, object recognition, elevated plus maze, test pole, walking beam and rotarod. The animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected for evaluation of corticosterone levels of malondialdehyde, catalase activity, the activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione content. Therefore, the hippocampus was dissected to quantify the immunocontent BDNF. The administration of EtOH reached average peak blood concentration of 197.4 mg / dL and the period of 7.5 hours after the last administration EtOH in acute binge blood concentration was 0.7 mg / dL. Thus, the animals underwent behavioural tests post-consumer EtOH, not under the drug effect. Consumption of EtOH in binge did not affect weight gain of adolescent animals into adulthood, however, reduced the exploratory locomotor activity, impaired motor coordination, balance and motor learning associated with bradykinesia, as well as loss in the mnemonic process and increased anxiety-like behaviour. These losses were accompanied by hormonal elevation of corticosterone, reduced hippocampal BDNF levels and systemic imbalance in the oxidative balance. Thus, it was possible to identify that the damage found on the similar behaviour to anxiety, short-term memory, bradykinesia and spontaneous locomotor activity appeared from EtOH post-consumption for three consecutive days, however, they showed no recovery or worsening of damage after repeated episodes. In contrast, there was recovery of short-term memory in object recognition task associated with the return of normal levels of BDNF in adulthood. Moreover, it showed worsening in motor learning in young adult phase followed by gradual and partial recovery after prolonged period of drug withdrawal, yet the loss of motor coordination and balance remained in adulthood.