Navegando por Assunto "Children"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização dos homicídios de crianças paraenses
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-02-19) SILVA, Adria Vanessa da; LIMA, Vera Lúcia de Azevedo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5247917929280755; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0094-4530
INTRODUCTION: Homicide is an expression of interpersonal violence, it is from it that we can grasp the seriousness of the situation of violence perpetrated against children in the state of Pará. It represents the extreme of violence in a society and a serious conjecture of economic, social disorder , political and religious. A complex, multifactorial, heterogeneous phenomenon with an impact not only on quality, but also on people's life expectancy. The characteristics of these deaths can vary according to the victim's age, sex, color or race and other factors. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the homicides of children in the state of Pará. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive, retrospective study with a quantitative approach based on Epidemiology. The study was carried out based on the homicide data of children in the state of Pará, registered with the Assistant Secretary of Intelligence and Criminal Analysis, linked to the Secretary of Public Security of Pará, covering the period from January, 2014 to December, 2018. 77 occurrences resulting in homicide were identified. For data collection, the technique of descriptive analysis was used in order to highlight the characterization of victims and authors. RESULT: The profile of the victimized children and the aggressors found that the children's age range is from 0 to 11 years old incomplete, with the male gender prevailing and the highest percentage in the 18 to 24 age group, the highest percentage practiced by stepfathers, who practiced the act against the minor in his own residence. The feeling of hatred / revenge, followed by jealousy and ambition were the presumed causes that led the aggressor to commit the act, being the means used to consummate the fact the firearm. The ten municipalities in the state of Pará with the highest prevalence of homicides with children in this period was Belém, followed by Ananindeua, Itaituba, Altamira, Monte Alegre, Marabá, Salvaterra, Breu Branco, Xinguara and Marapanim. Recognizing the intensity of the victimization of children by homicide and its distribution in the municipalities of our state provides contributions for the State to encourage public policies in order to effectively protect and maintain the lives of children in situations of violence within the family.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Contribuições da análise do comportamento para reabilitação verbal de crianças usuárias de implante coclear
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-06-27) PEREIRA, Fabiane da Silva; VERDU, Ana Claudia Moreira Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3777028853675653; ASSIS, Grauben José Alves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0722706223558223
This study is characterized by a research portfolio, which involves Behavior Analysis, linguistic behavior and cochlear implant. It got together a study of the literature review, and two experimental studies that tried to verify the effect of Multiples Examples Instructions (MEI) procedures, which started with different methods, and also with a list of deaf children naming and cochlear implanted children. The naming concept and the method used on the last 20 years were reviewed. The study 1, experimental, investigated on three children that are cochlear implanted, the effect of the Multiples Examples Instructions procedures on the repertory integration of hear and speak. The study 2, experimental, evaluate in a child that was late cochlear implanted the effect of teach only of the listening repertory about naming, and the MEI about naming repertory. The literature review showed that the naming concept uses like described by Horne and Lowe (1996) has increased on the Behavior Analysis literature. And three procedures have been used during 20 years: hand sorting, MEI and Pairing naming. The study 2 results indicated that the MEI procedure was essential to the hearer and speaker repertory integration, which reduced the performance differences between speak and listen people. And the study 3 results showed that were necessary extra exposes to MEI to naming emergency. It discuss the possibility of new procedures at speak and hear abilities of cochlear implanted children.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O espaço sob uma perspectiva infantil: um estudo no reassentamento urbano coletivo São Joaquim em Altamira-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-23) PEREIRA, Dayse Leite; FREITAS, Léia Gonçalves de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4829920653020369; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1852-1106; MIRANDA NETO, José Queiroz de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3367795786739987
This research investigated the geographic space from a child's perspective, having as locus the São Joaquim Collective Urban Resettlement in Altamira-Pará, analyzing the process of compulsory displacement experienced by resettled children due to the installation of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant. The theoretical framework was based on studies of Urban Geography and Geography of Childhood, the research aimed to analyze the experiences of children residing in the Collective Urban Resettlement São Joaquim, considering their space of origin. The methodological approach used was the qualitative ethnographic research, added to the techniques of participant observation, semi-structured interviews and the production of drawings, whose problem was how the compulsory displacement affected the childhood of children residing in the Resettlement. The conclusions of this study evidenced two scenarios: a rupture of a child's sociocultural space as a result of compulsory displacement, with implications for the daily lives of families, in particular, for children who are the subjects of this research, regarding the way of playing, the relationship with the river. and, on the other hand, the realization that they are trying to reinvent new ways to develop their peer culture and build their other geographies and spatialities in this new space.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extinção espacial em crianças de diferentes idades
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-07-06) REIS, Maiana Araújo dos; TONNEAU, François Jacques; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2917023797307669
Experimental evidence suggests that insects, and in particular ants, rely on spatial cues to travel along large distances when searching for food. In a study that served as a model for the present research, Wehner e Srivinasan (1981) showed that when placed in an unknown context, desert ants (Cataglyphis Formicidae, Hymenoptera) did not travel in a random fashion. In fact, these insects spend most of their time in places where the likelihood of finding food or the nest is more likely: ants searching for food show a pattern of exploration with recurrent oscillations toward the goal. In the present research with children from 6 to 12 years of age, our purpose was to measure behavioral patternsin a situation of spatial extinction and evaluate their degree of similarity to those of the ants in Wehner and Srivinasan’s study. Our procedure involved the children’s respondingwith a computer mouse toward a stimulus displayed on the screen. First, during seven observation trials, the children were supposed to click on a specific location to make a coin appear at this location. Then a 3-min test phase (i.e., extinction) started. During this phase the coin did not appear anymore and the children’s mouse clicks had no programmed consequences. The results obtained during extinction suggest that younger children (from 6 to 7 years of age) respond in a way more similar to the behavior of Wehner and Srivinasam’s ants, whereas older children (from 10 to 12 years of age) follow systematic patterns of exploration that are more in line with the geometric properties of the border of the monitor than with the spatial localization of the target.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Formação da identidade cultural de crianças do ensino fundamental à luz das diretrizes curriculares de Ananindeua
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-15) MARTINS, Leide Daiane dos Anjos; ROCHA, Carlos José Trindade da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7815926450187234; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5172-9182; RAMOS, João Batista Santiago; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8078757512392983
The research seeks to understand the formation of the cultural identity of elementary school children in light of the municipal curriculum guidelines of Ananindeua. A qualitative approach was used, involving documents and descriptive representations of children in the 4th and 5th years of morning and afternoon classes at an elementary school in the municipality. The results indicate that the municipality's curriculum document created macro areas, including Multiculturalism, now called Cultural Identity involving citizenship and civics. In practice, it is necessary to rethink educational approaches, considering the fundamental role they play in the identity and cultural formation of children, in order to better promote the appreciation of diversity as an integral part of this cultural identity process of children in the school environment, as it reflects on various concepts of Amazonian education and daily life in the globalized world. The Amazonian cultural plurality, present in everyday school life, must ratify cultural diversity as a fundamental trait in the construction of children's identities, defined and negotiated in the field of conflicts and the infinite possibilities of singularization in the municipal school environment of Ananindeua.