Navegando por Assunto "Cimento Portland"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Atividade pozolânica de arenito zeolítico da região Nordeste do Brasil
(2012-06) PICANÇO, Marcelo de Souza; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; BARATA, Márcio Santos
In northeastern Brazil, sedimentary zeolites occur associated with sandstones of the Corda Formation (Parnaiba Paleozoic Basin), discovered in the 2000s. These sandstones are composed of quartz, natural zeolites (estilbite) and clay minerals (smectite). Preliminary studies have shown that this sandstone can be used as a pozzolanic material in Portland-cement-based systems after the material has been sieved to remove the quartz and after thermal activation because the estilbite has low pozzolanic activity. The main objective of this study was to determine the best particle size distribution that yields the highest smectite and zeolite concentration, besides the best temperature for higher pozzolanic activity. The experimental program employed the zeolitic sandstone passing through a #200 and #325 mesh sieve and calcination at the following temperatures: 150°C, 300°C and 500°C. Chemical analysis of the sieved samples was carried out by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry, while mineralogical characterization was done by X-ray and thermogravimetric analysis and thermogravimetry..To assess reactivity, calorimetry driving and mechanical tests for pozzolanic activity in hydrated lime and cement Porltand were performed. The results showed that the sample sieved through at #200 mesh was the most suitable because it had a higher concentration of estilbite and a higher percentage of material seived compared to the sample sieved at #325 mesh, 15% and 2% respectively. The 500°C calcination temperature was accompanied by increased pozzolanic activity due to changes in estilbite and smectite cristalinity; the more moderate temperatures of 150°C and 300°C were not sufficient to achieve similar results. The mortars with sandstone sieved at #200 mesh and calcinated at 500°C reached the minimum limits required for a material to be considered as pozzolanic, i.e, 6 MPa for hydrated lime mortars and 75% for the pozzolanic index activity (PAI).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação da reatividade de adições minerais em pasta de cimento Portlan utilizando calorimetria de fluxo de calor (Heat Flow Calorimetry).
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-06-10) LACERDA, Dayane Izabelita Santos; SCHELLER, Thomas; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5712304485190137
The use of mineral additions in the production of cement compounds or in concrete elaboration generates some benefits, either from an economic point of view or when related to the environment preservation. Although limestone deposits are abundant all over the country, the introduction of residues decrease the production costs, besides the fact that the cement industry constitutes an alternative way for reciclation of some other industrial residues. The pozzolan and blast furnace slag are the main raw materials utilized as addition in the ordinary portland cement. The main advantage of their use is the low cost, the durability in aggressive environments and their low hydration heat. As for the hydration reaction, the ordinary portland cement produces hydrated compounds that directly influence its mechanical resistance. The main products are hydrated silicates, portlandite Ca(OH)2 and sulphoraluminates. On the other hand, the presence of addition minerals leads to the combination and reduction of the paste of the portlandite, with the formation of more stable and more resistant hydrated calcium silicates. The use of alternative agglomerate in ordinary portland cement has been the target of investigations in Brazil and abroad. Despite of great number of works on the subject published so far, such as Flores (1989), Marteli (1997), Hildebrando (1998), Barata & Dal Molin (2002) e Carneiro (2003), there are few data about the behavior of these residues when they are mixed to the cement, principally with respect to the study of the heat flux calorimetry of the hydration products of the cement. The isothermal or conduction calorimeter is extensively used in the research of reaction kinematics. Thermal ocouples are used to convert the thermal flow into voltage, which in turn can be monitored. The heat flow calorimeter can be used in the study of limestone carbonatation reactions, hydration reactions and liquid influence, as well as polymerization reactions and glasses, etc. The main objective of this work is the use of the heat flow calorimeter of the Applied Geochemistry and Mineralogy Group (AGMG) laboratory in the study of cement paste behavior with mineral additions, with the aim of comparing and verifying the influence of these materials in the reaction of hydration of the ordinary cement. For the calorimeter analysis, we have used an ordinary portland cement CP I, in which was added rice husk ash, fly ash, blast furnace slag (BFS), red mud, metakaolin, and silica fume in the preparation of the paste, with an water/cement ratio of 0.5, using concentrations of 10, 20, 30%, respectively, with a total duration of 50 hours. Only in the red mud we have added kaolin a calcinated at 900 ˚C, in order to neutralize the sodium hydroxide present in the sample, due to the Bayer process. X-ray diffraction analysis and thermal analysis (ATD/ATG) permitted the identification of the presence of the main products of the hydration reaction and of the portlandite. The results presented indicate that the substitution of part of the cement with mineral additions reduces the hydration heat formed during the reaction of the cement with water. However, the red mud and the metakaolin presented an antecipation of the hydration heat. The metakaolin is highly reactive, since it is composed of fine grains and a large amount of amorphous materials.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação preliminar do emprego de arenito zeolítico da região nordeste do Brasil como material pozolânico para cimento Portland
(2011-12) PICANÇO, Marcelo de Souza; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; BARATA, Márcio Santos
Natural zeolites usually exhibit pozzolanic activity without any additional treatment, e.g. thermal activation. They have been used for building since the ancient Roman Empire times in the production of hydraulic cements and concretes. Nowadays, there are many discussions involving the natural zeolites pozzolanic reactivity in the incorporation of the Portland cement composition. The appropriate use of pozzolans enables the production of special cements with lower manufacturing cost and with a greater durability in comparison with the corresponding cements without addition. In Brazil, zeolite consumption comes either from the importation of foreign countries or synthetic products. No zeolite mine is available in the country and only few geological occurrences were already described in the literature without any commercial interest. In northeast Brazil, the Geological Survey (CPRM) discovered zeolite-bearing sandstones related to Cretaceous sedimentary rocks of the Parnaíba Paleozoic Basin. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possible use of such sandstones as pozzolan for using in Portland cements (CPI-S). A bulk sample of the zeolitic sandstone (AZ) was collected in the field. In the laboratory, preparation included drying, milling and sieving at the following grain-size fractions, in order to remove quartz and concentrate the zeolite: 100# (AZ-1), 200# (AZ-2) and 325# (AZ-3). After mineralogical evaluation, the AZ-2 fraction was selected for further analysis and assays. The experimental study was mainly based on mineralogical characterization, including: X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis and heat flow calorimetry, besides pozzolanic activity assay and compressive strength. The results show that the mineralogical composition of the zeolitic sandstone is mainly quartz, zeolite (stilbite) and smectite. Stilbite is the main pozzolanic phase, and the smectite can also play an important role. The hydration of the Portland cement was accelerated due to the very fine grained nature of the material. Meanwhile, the reactivity obtained was slightly below the standard requirements to be used in industrial scale. Additional studies should be carried out in order to evaluate if a further thermal treatment (between 300 °C and 500 °C) may increase the pozzolanic activity due to the stilbite destruction around this temperature. The same happens with kaolinite that needs thermal treatment above 550 ºC to convert to the amorphous phase metakaolin in order to be used as one of the most commons pozzolans in the cement industry. The main purpose was to contribute for the production of an alternative kind of cement which produces less pollution to the environment (CO2 decrease in the atmosphere) with cost saving. In addition, it is expected to contribute for the exploitation of the sedimentary zeolites occurrences which have been relatively well studied from a geological point, but are still not mined.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cimentos Portland aditivados com arenito zeolítico com propriedades pozolânicas
(2014-06) PICANÇO, Marcelo de Souza; ANGÉLICA, Rômulo Simões; BARATA, Márcio Santos
The proper use of pozzolans enables the production of special cements with lower manufacturing cost and higher durability in comparison with cements without mineral additions. It also enables significant gains in productivity and in equipment service life in the factory as well as reduce the CO2 emission into the atmosphere. Zeolites have been used as pozzolanic material in mixtures with Fuller's Earth and water in buildings from the ancient Roman Empire. Nowadays, there are many discussions involving pozzolanic reactivity of natural zeolites in the incorporation to Portland cement. In the Northeastern region of Brazil, sedimentary zeolites related to sandstones of the Parnaiba Basin were discovered by the Geological Survey of Brazil in the 2000s. These sandstones are mainly composed by quartz, natural zeolites (estilbity) and clay (smectite). Preliminary studies have pointed that this sandstone may be used as pozzolanic material in Portland cements. The material must be previously grinded to remove quartz and thermally activated, since stilbite is a zeolite with low pozzolanic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ideal amount of thermally activated zeolitic sandstone to be incorporated in the Portland cement in order to improve its mechanical and mineralogical properties. In the laboratory, the < # 200 fraction of the zeolitic sandstone was calcined at 500 º C. Chemical and miner-alogical analysis were carried out by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray Diffractometry (XRD), respectively. The hydration behavior of the cements was evaluated using heat-flow calorimetry, besides thermal analysis and XRD. To evaluate the physical properties, mechanical testing of compressive strength in cement mortar Portland with different proportions of sandstone was carried out. The results showed that the AZ2-3 zeolitic sandstone with the proportion of 10% incorporated in Portland cement type CPI-S, showed the best result of compressive strength and mineralogical properties of the samples suitable for the production of CPII-Z type commercial cement.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reciclagem de resíduo a partir de cinzas de carvão mineral: produção de argamassas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-07-06) SIQUEIRA, Jacilene Siqueira de; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; SOUZA, Célio Augusto Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0800747860976046
This work aims to evaluate the possibility of use of waste obtained from the combustion of coal in fluidized bed boilers, an alumina refinery in Pará state. In this context, we evaluated the incorporation of fly ash as pozzolan, to partially replace cement in mortar production. To that end, samples were prepared using Portland cement type CPII-E-32. The mixtures were in the ratio 4:1, that is 4 parts aggregate (silica) and 1 part of binder (cement and ash), with the inclusion of the ash of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 percentage with respect to the cement, beyond the mortar without addition. We defined two relation water / binder, 0,4 and 0,8. After 7 and 28 days curing time, were tested for compressive strength analysis of behavior. In addition, the mortar with the water / binder 0.8 were subjected to further analysis of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, water absorption, porosity and bulk density, the results obtained were consistent when compared with literature data, showing that viable application of ash studied in the construction industry.