Navegando por Assunto "Climate"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação espacial e sazonal da precipitação no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-21) MENEZES, Franciani Pantoja; FERNANDES, Lindemberg Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4641468846318922
The objective of this study was to evaluate the spatial variability and seasonal rainfall in the State of Para. Were used monthly data and annual rainfall of 66 rainfall stations available in hydrometeorological network of National Water Agency – ANA for the period 1982 - 2011. The data were organized with the help of Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. The historical series that fail, these were corrected and consisted. Para is the second largest Brazilian state holds great extent and diversity of natural resources. In terms of density, the state, as well as the seven river basin showed low density of rainfall stations do not comply with the recommendations of the WMO as the minimum density of rain gauges, are areas that require better monitoring. As for seasonality, precipitation shows two distinct seasons, a drought (winter and spring in the Southern Hemisphere), with rainfall less than 100 mm, and a rainy season (summer and autumn in the Southern Hemisphere) with rainfall exceeding 200 mm. The results obtained by the Mann - Kendall and Spearman did not detect any trend of increase or decrease in rainfall during the study period. Through cluster analysis of monthly precipitation were defined 3 Homogeneous Regions with similar climatic characteristics (R1, R2 and R3) to the state of Para.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos de um evento de friagem nas condições meteorológicas na Amazônia: um estudo de caso
(Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, 2004-12) SOUZA, Paulo Jorge de Oliveira Ponte de; ROCHA, Edson José Paulino da; FISCH, Gilberto Fernando; KRUIJT, Bart; RIBEIRO, João Batista Miranda
Observations of the influence of a Cold Spell phenomena on meteorological variables and on energy and CO2 fluxes were made in a forest site near Ji-Paraná, Rondonia, during June 2001. Friagem caused a diminution of 35% at air temperature. A reduction of 75 W.m-2 from normal days (200 W.m-2) to cold days (125 W.m-2) in the mean incoming solar radiation was also observed. During the Cold Spell days, both sensible heat (H) and latent heat fluxes (LE) showed a decrease in their mean daily value, showing a difference from normal days of 8 e 34%, respectively. The CO2 concentration remained constant, without increase during the night, due to the windy condition of cold days. During normal days the mean diurnal CO2 flux (-2,44 mmol m-2 s-1) was lesser than that one at phenomena days (-5,78 mmol m-2 s-1), while the mean nocturnal fluxes were +1,77mmol m-2 s-1 e +2,83mmol m-2 s-1 during normal and cold days, respectively.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Impactos socioambientais atuais e de mudanças futuras na hidroclimatologia da bacia do rio Tapajós na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-06-09) SODRÉ, Vânia dos Santos Franco; SOUZA, Everaldo Barreiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6257794694839685; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6045-0984; LIMA, Aline Maria Meiguins de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6572852379381594; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0594-0187
The intensification of land use and land cover has been increasing environmental and climatic problems in the Amazonian sub-basins, especially in the Tapajos River basin, which is important not only for the region, but for the whole country in terms of economic and socio-environmental issues. This research evaluated the increasing pressure imposed on the Tapajos River basin from the unsustainable use of water resources, deforestation on meteorological variables and the future hydroclimatology of the basin for the next 30 and 60 years. On the water issue, significant environmental impacts were observed in the Upper and Middle Tapajos, where unsustainable uses of water resources were identified from the various sectors of the economy, with emphasis on the increase in the number of industries and hydroelectric plants. Conversely, in the Lower Tapajos region there are still significant portions of conserved vegetation cover, which are essential for favoring evapotranspiration and, consequently, cloud formation, but an increase in the unsustainable use of water resources was observed in the region. In the relationship between deforestation and climate, it was noted the existence of correlations between deforestation rates and positive variations in temperature in the Middle Lower Tapajos region. However, no significant variations in precipitation were observed, but there is a slight negative trend (reduction), corroborating the anomaly and trend studies. In the future hydroclimatology, the results showed that the future impacts of climate change on precipitation and elevation measures, both for a more proximate climate (2021-2050) and for a climate at the end of the century (2051-2080), taking into account the moderate and pessimistic scenarios. It was also noted that there will be changes in the frequency of maximum and minimum extremes of precipitation and quota, especially in the regions of the Middle Lower Tapajos, being more sensitive to these changes at the Itaituba station.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Percepções sobre mudanças climáticas: estudo de caso na Reserva Extrativista Marinha Mocapajuba, zona costeira Amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-02-28) SILVA, Michelly da Silva; SOUSA, Rosigleyse Corrêa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1452935151806378; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-3769-0792; RENAN, Renan Peixoto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8003860457518342; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2913-0514
Climate change refers to alterations in Earth's climate that may occur over years, decades, or millennia, resulting from both natural climate variability and human activities. These changes have negative impacts on people's lives, especially in vulnerable communities, and may lead to an increase in the number of "climate refugees" in the future. The Resex-Mar Mocapajuba, located in São Caetano de Odivelas, Pará, is an area of great importance for biodiversity, encompassing diverse ecosystems such as mangroves, restingas (sandy coastal plains), dunes, rivers, estuaries, and islands. This region is home to traditional extractive communities whose subsistence depends directly on natural resources. The study analyzed the perceptions of the traditional population benefiting from Resex-Mar Mocapajuba regarding climate change. A questionnaire was applied in 2021, with the participation of 291 individuals with direct or indirect connections to fishing. Using content analysis, the questionnaire responses were categorized into four types of extractive activities: agriculture, crab harvesting, shellfish extraction, and fishing. The most practiced extractive activity is crab harvesting (40.21%), cited as the primary income source by 44.63% of respondents, with women being the majority. About 73.88% of extractive workers believe that climate change is occurring in the region, with this perception being particularly high among fishermen (78.35%) and crab harvesters (76.07%). The respondents demonstrated a complex understanding of climate change, with a clear focus on perceived impacts such as changes in air temperature, rainfall, and seasonality. Additionally, they recognized the influence of human actions in intensifying climate change.