Navegando por Assunto "Climate changes"

Agora exibindo 1 - 7 de 7

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O aplicativo alerta clima indígena: digitalização das terras indígenas à luz da ecologia da comunicação
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-17) RAYOL, Clarissa da Silva; COSTA, Luciana Miranda
This dissertation aims to analyze, in the light of the ecology of communication, the digitization of Indigenous Lands experienced by the Alerta Clima Indígena application, developed by Ipam together with the Raoni Institute, Indigenous of Roraima (CIR) and the Commission of Chiefs and Leaders of the Araribóia Indigenous Land (CCOCALITIA), whose purpose is to disseminate scientific data on climate, fire and deforestation of Indigenous Lands in the Brazilian Amazon. The platform also has resources for creating alerts against threats to Indigenous Lands and inserting information about traditional uses such as hunting, fishing and gathering. In this context, based on ecology of communication (DI FELICE, 2017), this characterization is an experimental and qualitative research context of the immersive perspective in which the researcher enters the networks and integrates as supplying all in das. In the investigative path, we present a description of the app's partner associations and the collaborative construction of indigenous workshops while, later, we immerse ourselves in the app's interactive architectures and then analyze the independent processes experienced by the Mẽbêngôkôkókre (Kayapó) people, from the perspective of two residents of the Capoto/Jarina Indigenous Land located in the state of Mato Grosso. In this sense, the experience of digitization, of Indigenous Lands, from the Alerta Clima Indígena app in the “creation of hybrid worlds” (DI FELICE, 2021), where scientific data, technologies, rains, wind, animals and how trees have their own capabilities and are transformed by them, as well as indigenous peoples and creativity in the forms of appropriation of the invention from the new practices for the Management of Indigenous Lands.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Educação ambiental: uma proposta de ensino investigativo sobre mudanças climáticas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-04-24) MORAES, Josiane Moreira; PERES, Ariadne da Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5424406285707749; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9228-3690
The present work entitled “CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION: a proposal for investigative teaching on climate change” had as a research question “what do teachers of the 5th year of elementary school express about a sequence of investigative teaching for learning about climate change? This work aimed to understand the manifestations of 5th grade elementary school teachers about an investigative teaching sequence for learning about climate change. For the construction of this research, the teaching proposal on climate change was delivered to the three participating teachers, that is, the educational product elaborated based on an Investigative Teaching Sequence. Teachers were able to assess and analyze the material by answering some questions in an open questionnaire. The empirical material was analyzed based on Discursive Textual Analysis. Thus, four axes of analysis emerged: 1) Vision of Environmental Education and climate change: distancing and approximations with the critical conception; 2) The viability of the teaching sequence: between theory and practice; 3) The teaching sequence and teaching resources: the contribution to teaching climate change; 4) Sequence of investigative teaching on climate change: raising students' awareness of environmental causes. The product, elaborated from this dissertation, was a “Didactic Guide for the teacher” in the format of an investigative teaching sequence, with the objective of raising awareness of climate change from a perspective of critical Environmental Education. The results showed that, according to the interviewed teachers' point of view, the educational product can significantly contribute to the teaching-learning of climate changes in the early years of elementary school.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Ensaios sobre distribuição, mudanças climáticas e produtividade no Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-03-06) LIMA, Andressa Magalhães; ALENCAR, Douglas Alcântara; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6019986023580234; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6077-998X
The dissertation addresses two articles that investigate different aspects of Brazilian economic growth and its relationship with factors such as income distribution and pollution. These studies offer an in-depth analysis of Brazil's economic dynamics, highlighting the importance of understanding the complex interactions between economic and environmental variables. The first article, titled "Brazilian Economic Growth in Light of Post-Keynesian Theory of Functional Income Distribution", examines the application of post-Keynesian theory to understand whether Brazil's economic growth between 2003 and 2015 was driven by wages or profits. The analysis concludes that the period in question was characterized by profit-led growth. The second article, "Growth, Productivity Regime and Pollution Applied to the Brazilian Economy from 1980-2016", explores how pollution, especially CO2 emissions, influence Brazilian economic growth within the context of post-Kaleckian growth regimes. It is concluded that the concentration of pollution has a negative impact on labor productivity, leading to a Brazilian economy under a profit-led growth regime during the period from 1980 to 2016. Both articles contribute to a deeper understanding of the determinants of Brazilian economic growth and offer important insights for the formulation of public policies aimed at sustainable and inclusive development. In short, the dissertation provides a comprehensive and multifaceted analysis of the challenges and opportunities faced by the Brazilian economy in its search for balanced and environmentally responsible economic growth.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência das mudanças climáticas no balanço hídrico dos lagos de abastecimento de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-05-06) SILVA, Fabíola Souza da; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808
Climate change, projected for global water resources, drastic changes in patterns of distribution and availability of water. So, the objective of this study was to investigate the impacts that climate change will have on the local hydrological cycle. And analyze if the lakes Bolonha and Água Preta, responsible for supplying part of the city of Belém-PA, will be able to provide water to future demand. Then, the water balance of the lakes was projected until 2100, using the GCMs MIROC5 and HADGEM2-ES aligned to the RCM Eta, from two greenhouse gas emission scenarios RCPs 4.5 and 8.5. It was necessary to carry out the projection of the population of the city of Belém-PA until the year 2100, using the Gompertz model. The results projected a large reduction in the volume of precipitation in the rainy months compared to historical data; and for the summer period, the projections point to drier months than normal. The surface evaporation projection showed an increase in the evaporated surface volume. The consequences of the projections on the future water balance of the lakes were a high reduction in the volume of both, interfering in the recovery of their maximum capacities. The projections of future scenarios for the lakes showed that the actual production of COSANPA will not be able to meet the future demand of society, causing a situation of water scarcity until the end of the century, will lead to the need to increase the pumping of water to the lakes. In this way, understanding how changes in hydrological variables will affect water availability is an important tool in the quest to mitigate impacts and carry out long term planning and management of this resource.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem da palma de óleo na Amazônia: redução da adequabilidade climática até o final do século
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) MENEZES, José Felipe Gazel; ARAÚJO, Alessandro Carioca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6188087583954899; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7361-5087
The Amazon has historically suffered from deforestation. From the end of the 1960s to the present day, the occupation process has always been carried out in a disorderly manner. In addition to this fact, there are local problems characteristic of the Amazon region, such as land grabbing and invasion. Therefore, such factors help to explain why the Amazon region has extensive deforested and abandoned areas. This work highlights oil palm monoculture as an alternative to reintegrate and transform abandoned areas into productive areas. Additionally, the importance of oil palm production for the global and local market is presented, and how climate change may affect oil palm production in future scenarios. A surface model developed by the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) is used to estimate oil palm production. This study was conducted in an oil palm monoculture with interspecific hybrid (HIE), generated from the cross between the species Elaeis guineensis Jacq (African) and Elaeis oleifera (Kunth) Cortés (American). Subsequently, by building a species distribution model, we estimate how areas climatically suitable for oil palm cultivation may change in the future, based on IPCC climate change scenarios.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Níveis de resiliência ecológica de quelônios continentais da Amazônia Legal
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-23) GUIMARÃES, Lívia Isadora de Almeida; SILVA, José Francisco Berrêdo Reis da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1338038101910673; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0002-8590-2462; TOLEDO, Peter Mann de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3990234183124986
Continental chelonians, especially the Amazonian ones, are among the groups which most demand new researches and integrated studies, whether in the systematic or ecological scope, whose knowledge helps in their preservation, as well as ecosystem and environmental services performed. Therefore, the present work aims to analyze the levels of climate resilience of continental species in the Legal Amazon, via correlation/interdisciplinarity between climate models and anthropogenic pressure with geochemical proxies, more specifically isotopes of carbon and nitrogen, with results that enable interpretations more precise information on climatic and isotopic refuges (isoscapes), as well as additional information related to trophic chains. Until then, climate models were developed, with simulations referring to Representative Concentration Pathways (or RCPs) and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (or SSPs) for ten chelonian species, given their sufficient number of recorded observations and coordinates: Chelus fimbriata; Mesoclemmys gibba; Phrynops geoffroanus; Platemys platycephala; Podocnemis expands; Podocnemis unifilis; Rhinoclemmys punctularia; Kinosternon scorpioides, Chelonioidis carbonaria and Chelonoidis denticulata. Such coordinates were intercrossed with four environmental variables from the Worldclim digital platform, selected according level of influence on the species distribution, reported in the literature, as well as reduced inter-correlation. These procedures were performed by Rstudio software, through the Biomod2 package, which reunites a set of algorithms whose mathematics allowed the development of rasters, with informations of climatic suitability inherent to each species. So far, P. expansa, P. unifilis and, above all, Ch. denticulata, are considered the most threatened of population reduction, while Ph. geoffroannus and K. scorpioides projections have shown less climate vulnerability. This parameter tends to be maintained in future circumstances, even with anthropogenic interference. The other species also present certain levels of vulnerability, which are more limited when compared to Ch. denticulata e P. unifilis levels. Confrontation of projections with isotopic signatures from nitrogen and carbon, collected from bone tissues of specimens deposited at the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Amazônicas (INPA, Manaus/AM) and Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG, Belém /PA). with climate models and anthropogenic influence, tend to reinforce politics to preserve species and their niches, as a strategy to maintain regional biodiversity.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Vulnerabilidade costeira em uma comunidade tradicional amazônica: estudo de caso na vila de Jubim, Salvaterra - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2025-04-16) FIGUEIREDO, Fabrício de Sousa; RANIERI, Leilanhe Almeida; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3129401501809850; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9870-4879
Coastal vulnerability is a topic of great relevance on a global scale due to current climate issues and rising ocean levels. Understanding the degree of coastal vulnerability is essential to prevent socioeconomic and environmental losses, such as those resulting from erosive processes. This study aimed to quantitatively assess the conditions of vulnerability to coastal erosion in a traditional community on Marajó Island: Jubim, located in the municipality of Salvaterra, state of Pará. To achieve this objective, a Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) was used, considering two projections of sea-level rise proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC): one with a rise of 4 mm/year and the other with 15 mm/year until 2100. To identify coastal vulnerability under the two sea-level rise scenarios, they were associated with geomorphological and physical characteristics along the estuarine coast of Jubim. Oceanographic variables (tidal range, significant wave height, and sea-level variation) and geological variables (coastal geomorphology, beach slope, and shoreline erosion/accretion rate) were analyzed and classified, with vulnerability indices ranging from very low to very high. The determination of the shoreline erosion/accretion rate was carried out through multispectral and multitemporal analysis (33 years) using Landsat satellite images and the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) tool. The spatialization and integration of the data, based on the CVI, were performed using Geographic Information System (GIS) software. The study area was segmented into three sectors: North (Salazar Beach), Central (Meninas Beach), and South (Baleia and Curuanã Beaches). Between 1990 and 2023, the average linear retreat recorded for the entire study area was -35.24 m (NSM), while the average linear advance was 15.10 m (NSM), highlighting the predominance of coastal erosion. The North sector, with the lowest topographic gradient, showed a maximum retreat of 170 meters and an average retreat of 1.99 m/year (EPR), revealing the retreat of mangrove vegetation and the overlapping of Salazar Beach over this ecosystem. The CVI revealed that, under both sea-level rise projections, Jubim's coastline tends to present moderate to high vulnerability (30.3% and 27.3%) in areas with cliffs and extensive sandy stretches, respectively. The map developed based on the CVI proved to be a useful tool to support coastal management on the Amazonian coast and decision-making in the face of advancing erosion caused by estuarine hydrodynamics, associated with rising sea levels.