Navegando por Assunto "Combustion"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de sistema computacional para avaliação de lodo de esgoto sanitário como biomassa na geração de energia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06) SANTOS, Yvelyne Bianca Iunes; PEREIRA, José Almir Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9918600634569244
Development of a computational system to assess sewage sludge sanitary as biomass to generate energy in combustion processes, taking into account Brazilian technical and environmental norms. Classes were created and implemented in the system to assess sewage sludge as energy potential and considered limits established in the norms NBR 10004/04, NBR 10004/87 and CONAMA Resolution nº 316/2002 for adverse environmental impacts, damages or risks to public health , identifying the feasibility of use of this residual as biomass to generate energy in combustion processes. The system was developed using a Model-View-Controller (MVC) software considered an architectural pattern, with method represented by logical rules, whose input data were the results from laboratory determination of sewage sludge samples, test processing and logical sequence of rules, and reports to enable the user to make a decision. To validate the system it was used results from technical work on the use of sewage sludge as biomass to generate energy in experimental scale, observing that the limits adopted in the system were appropriate as parameters to evaluate the energy potential of the sampled sludge, its toxicity and air pollution; that the explanatory and alert messages have been clearly sent; that the logical sequence of rules had been progressively implemented; and that the values obtained in the system had been compatible with the validation works. Finally, it was concluded that the system developed may be used to expedite decision-making, mainly, in waste treatment plant with large quantities of sludge.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência da variação da razão de alimentação ar/serragem de um combustor ciclônico na composição dos seus produtos gasosos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2008) VASCONCELOS, Adriano Akel; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2324813094737469
In this work it was made an analysis of the combustion in a cyclonic combustor through experimental measures of the temperature and gases concentration in the internal wall of the combustion chamber. With the objective of finding an appropriate operational parameters for the proposed design, the feeding of air and sawdust of combustor was varied in a poor equivalence ratio (with excess of air) while the experimental data were computed. The data profiles obtained were confronted with the theory of the combustion of solids and with the temperature fields and gases concentration founded by Cunha (2005) numerically in the code Fluent V.6.0. In this comparison it was possible to find good qualitative value among the temperatures measured and the one from calculations, however there were differences in the topic concentration of gases. It was possible also to identify the minimum equivalence rate that the cyclonic combustor had in their gaseous products low pollutant tenors, like CO. Besides, at the end of this work a methodology was proposed to find the appropriate size of a cyclonic combustor in agreement with the strip of sawdust consumption that it wants to incinerate.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelagem e simulação de grupo gerador diesel consumindo óleo vegetal “in natura” enriquecido com hidrogênio e oxigênio visando melhorar sua eficiência energética
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-28) CAMPOS, Ricardo Augusto Seawright de; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2324813094737469; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148
Generator set is a device formed by an internal combustion engine and an alternator responsible for electricity generation all over the world and in many isolated communities in the Amazon region. The use of fossil fuels in generators is very common with a great global dependency on this type of fuel. Facing a world stage with possibility of shortages of oil and water and despite the diversified energy matrix, Brazil has strong dependence of these two energy sources for electricity generation. Researches involving the use of vegetable oil "in natura" to replace, partially or completely, fossil fuels, or be mixed with other types of fuel are growing. In this paper, a modeling and computer simulation of a genset consuming vegetable oil "in natura" enriched with hydrogen and oxygen was carried out in order to improve their energy efficiency as from proposed improvements in the combustion. The modeling and simulations were performed with AVL Boost® software. The computational model was adjusted and validated with the experiment carried out in a Diesel engine of 20 kW, four strokes, indirect injection, naturally aspirated. The study was developed in two phases. At first, the energy substitution of vegetable oil by hydrogen was made in portions of 0% to 20%, in 5% intervals. In the second, oxygen in weight basis was added to the intake air in predefined proportions and the model was simulated until the engine operating limit was reached. It was considered the genset operating with loads of 75%, 80% and 100%, in the simulations. In the two stages of the investigation, the results indicated an increase in electrical power, reduced specific fuel consumption and improved overall efficiency of the generator set. The use of H2 showed increased emissions at full load. In the simulation performed with O2, CO formation decreased and NOx formation increased to partial loads. The simulations indicated that the use of these two energy carriers proved to be very promising, improving the combustion of vegetable oil "in natura" and the energy efficiency of the generator set.