Navegando por Assunto "Comunidades tradicionais"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 22

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Caracterização socioeconômica da pesca artesanal na Resex Marinha de Araí-Peroba (PA)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-30) CAVALCANTE, Alessandro dos Santos; JIMENEZ, Érica Kitazono Antunes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8793273902733669; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2985-4515; BARBOZA, Roberta Sá Leitão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9331256487699477; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2367-553X
The research conducted in the Araí-Peroba Marine Extractive Reserve in Pará aimed to socioeconomically characterize fishing families, assess their financial resilience, and investigate perceptions of fishery management. Data was collected between March and July 2022 in 11 communities, totaling 293 interviews. Data collection was carried out through the Fish Forever Program, implemented by Rare Brazil, using an electronic form that covered topics such as demographics, livelihoods, fishing, resilience, and social capital. The results indicate that artisanal fishing is the primary source of income, accounting for 74.7% of the total family income, but 42.7% of respondents reported a significant decrease in catch over the past two years. The research revealed that the exclusive dependence on fishing exposes communities to socioeconomic risks, especially in the face of environmental and economic variations. The diversification of income sources is identified as an essential strategy to increase economic resilience. Additionally, the research highlighted the division of labor by gender, with men predominating in catching and women in fish processing. Valuing women's roles and promoting gender equality are fundamental to improving the living conditions of communities. The study also highlighted the importance of social capital, showing that mutual trust and cooperation are crucial for sustainable management practices. It is concluded that an integrated and multidimensional approach that values local knowledge, promotes financial inclusion, and strengthens social capital is essential for the sustainable management of fishery resources in the Araí-Peroba Marine Extractive Reserve.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunidade quilombola do Subaé e o licenciamento ambiental de linha de transmissão de energia na Bahia: violação ao direito da consulta prévia, livre e informada
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08-30) ARAUJO, Luciéte Duarte; TRECCANI, Girolamo Domenico; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4319696853704535; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4639-9881
The research proposes to identify the mechanisms used by federal agencies, municipal and by Sterlite Power Grid Ventures Limited that favored the violation of the right to prior, free, informed and good consultationfaith provided for in ILO Convention 169 in the environmental licensing of LT 500 kV Port of Sergipe (SE) - Olindina (BA) - Sapeaçu (BA) C1 Associated Substations, from the study of Quilombo Subaé. The provisions of art. 68, from the ADCT of the Constitution of the Federative Republic of Brazil of 1988, which ensures the right to property of quilombola communities. The environmental licensing process of this project is being processed at the Ibama office in Bahia, under number 02001.022704/2018-96 and already includes the release of prior licenses and installation of LT 500 kV. To do so, it is intended to understand the logic (s) that guides (m) decisions, in terms of legal references. It is understood that the parameter adopted by the Brazilian State in environmental licensing of project of this nature is being life, good living and human rights defenses in CRFB/88 and in International Treaties to which Brazil is a relative signatory in the name of development. As for the methodology, it is a case study, the research will follow, as a rule, the hypothetical-deductive approach method and, as for the technical procedures adopted, it is configured as bibliographic and documentary research. We adopted a theoretical matrix with an anti-racist bias to show that the Brazilian state, as well as other modern states originated from a historical and political process of the capitalist-projectcolonial countries of European countries based on the inferiorization of the black subject in such a way that, even today, neoliberal they suffer the violence of structural racism that persists in societies and; of critical theory of law to remind that this system of hierarchical social regulation allows some legal institutions to reproduce arbitrary actions of power that culminate in the impossibility of social and racial justice. Thus, the structures of the state are essentially exclusion, oppression and discrimination. Considering these justifications, we understand the negligence coming from some organs of the country with the Quilombo Subaé in the Municipality of Antônio Cardoso/BA, as a typical case of environmental racism.
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Comunidades tradicionais e unidades de conservação no Pará: a influência da criação da Reserva Extrativista Rio Xingu - Terra do Meio, nos modos e vida das famílias locais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-05-28) CASTRO, Roberta Rowsy Amorim de; OLIVEIRA, Myriam Cyntia Cesar de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0949702419746141
Nature, as we see it today, has been shaped by human action. However, these actions in some cases have been destructive, making natural resources scarce. Over time, this exploration model has been questioned, emerging several proposals advocating for the ecological and environmental preservation, many of those, in the Amazon. Among several viable social and environmental alternatives, there were the Extractive Reserves, strongly defended by the Rubber Extracting Workers Movement, originally from the Brazilian state of Acre. Even as an alternative to the devastation of the environment and the local traditional culture, the Extractive Reserves, through the established rules in their Management Plan may, in some cases, unable some of the residents’ actions. Seeking to analyze, as assertive as it may be, this study aims to understand the influences created by the establishment of the Extractive Reserve in the Xingu River, located in an area named Terra do Meio (in a free translation “Middle Land”), in the Brazilian state of Pará, the lifestyle and social practices, management of natural resources adopted by the local families. The methodology used was locus immersion research, divided into two visits, between May and August 2012, where through a pre-formulated script, twenty-three families, residents of the reserve, were interviewed. Concerning the methods used to achieve such goal, there were informal conversations, hands-on observation, and direct observation. It was learned that traditional communities have undergone intense historical processes, many of those shattered by conflicts created by land expropriation and harassment by the local population, which corroborated to the establishment of a protected area. After the establishment of the Extractive Reserve, which has happened rapidly, attempting to cease the extraction of natural resources by external actors, the families have felt safer regarding their permanent stay in the area. However, the rules established in the Management Plan have not entirely been seized by them, which is justified by their non-participation in meetings (40%), miscommunication, once external actors language (managers) is not understood (26%), the passive participation of residents when choosing some of the rules and the existing faults in criteria when voting for counselors, both reported in 17% of the interviews. Even demonstrating misunderstandings about the established rules, most interviewed families (between 65% and 78%) complied to follow the rules. Their statements have been analyzed as an alternative to safe keep their lifestyle; even though they are enforced to comply, some residents report one another, deducting that there has continue to carry out the activities as they did before the creation of RESEX, getting outside the established norms. Besides, as the understanding of the rules was done in diferente ways, this may become their justification for non-compliance. It was learned that the families’ lifestyle, regarding activities has not been significantly altered. However, social relations among communities have been shaken due to the enforcement and misunderstanding of the rules, which was legitimized by the increase and externalization of the arguments and gossiping among residents.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Comunidades tradicionais em áreas litorâneas da Amazônia: estudo sobre desenvolvimento local em Vila Mota, Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-04) PINHEIRO, José Olenilson Costa; DARNET, Laura Angélica Ferreira
The paper presents the socioeconomic dimension in Vila Mota, municipality of Maracanã, state of Pará, and its repercussion in the local development process, understood as the fulfillment of basic human needs. Vila Mota is a community of traditional fishing located in the Reserva Extrativista Marinha de Maracanã (marine extractive reserve). The conditions of life in this community were observed and analyzed according to some indicators that make up the Human Development Index (HDI) and its variants. Limiting and enhancer factors for local development were also identified. The survey was carried out in 2007 and took into account 72 families representing 48% of the total available. The results indicated that housekeeping was impaired in families that have developed small-scale fishing as the only productive activity, given that the monetary income for 62.5% of these families was less than a minimum wage. The conditions of education and natural resources were enhancer factors to the development, although the most part of inhabitants did not know the purposes of the marine reserve. The absence of a cooperative culture, the lack of a structure for production, transportation and marketing, and the disability of health services were evidences of a low capacity for socio-political organization, with direct impact on local development.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Efeitos das mudanças de uso e cobertura da terra na paisagem e nos serviços ecossistêmicos no leste da Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-05-29) PEREIRA, Fabiana da Silva; VIEIRA, Ima Célia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3761418169454490; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1233-318X
In the Brazilian Amazon, the conversion of large forest areas, mainly for the expansion of agricultural activities and urban areas, has led to the loss and fragmentation of ecosystems.These changes alter ecosystem processes and functions and may affect the provision of several ecosystem services essential for human well-being and economic activities. In this context, the analysis of the effects of these changes on the landscapes and ecosystems in the Amazon region is essential to better understand the impact of these anthropogenic modifications on ecosystems services in terms of economic, ecological and social aspects. This thesis was designed to (1) quantify the impacts of land use changes on the economic value of ecosystem services in the eastern Amazon; (2) analyze the effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the provision of ecosystem services; (3) evaluate the perception of local traditional communities about ecosystem services in order to verify which factors influence the way they identify and perceive ecosystem services and their main threats. The results show that in the 36 years analyzed there was a considerable loss in the economic value of ecosystem services provided by the forest areas, however the increase in agricultural areas has resulted in a positive balance, as the associated ecosystem services, mainly food, have a high value. In addition, forest ecosystems are smaller and increasingly fragmented and isolated, which has degraded habitat quality in the landscape and reduced carbon stocks in the region. Deforestation and illegal mining were perceived by local communities as the main threats to the provision of several ecosystem services. The most important ecosystem services identified by the communities are related to the provisioning category, such as food, wood products and medicinal plants, as well asregulating services. These results highlight the importance of assessing ecosystem services from different perspectives, in order to provide more robust information to base the development of conservation strategies, management and land use planning, as well as financial incentive strategies for ecosystem conservation or restoration.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo analítico sobre a participação das comunidades tradicionais, na construção do PDDU em Barcarena (PA), sob a égide da Convenção 169
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11-11) PINHEIRO, Zilma de Souza; CARMO, Eunápio Dutra; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7347286742599751
This research work aimed to analyze carrying out a study on the Public Management of municipal development of Barcarena. This research line of municipal Public Management based on analyzes of policy government passed through Planning and Institutional Coordination Secretary (SEMPLA) in order to analyze the political guarantee and the traditional communities participation as law subject. The research objective was to analyze the nature of community participation in the execute of the Urban Development Master Plan (PDDU), from 2010 to 2021, in Barcarena, from the Convention 169 perspective of the International Labor Organization and considering the historical occurrence of environmental. Finally, we started with the following guiding question: The participation of traditional communities in the preparation of Barcarena's PDDU has been carried out in accordance with Convention 169 of the International Labor Organization mainly because they are territories located in sacrificial zones. As a methodology, documentary analyzes were carried out, as well as interviews with leaders and residents of three communities in Barcarena - Arienga Rio, Acuí and Vila do Conde. As a result, from two lines of analysis, called, Land Right and Communities Invisibilization. There was an occurrence of invisible strategies on the part of public authorities in order to hinder the community participation leaders in strategic forums and in decision-making that build the PDDU. It was found that the Barcarena communities continue to face serious confrontations with representatives of big capital over the dispute over their territories, without due legal-manager coverage and at the mercy of continuous environmental crimes caused by industries installed in the municipality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo das práticas de mutirão: transformações no conhecimento em comunidades tradicionais do Vale do Mearim, Estado do Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013) SOUSA, Elton Rodrigues de; PORRO, Noemi Sakiara Miyasaka; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3982338546545478
The mutirao, viewed as set of social practices developed by the peasant families from São Manoel, brings itself the maintenance of social relations expressed in actions of cooperation and help based in principles of reciprocity and solidarity. These practices contributed for that the studied group build new knowledge and transform your reality. This study cross about mutirao practices, emphasizing the transformations in the knowledge of traditional communities from Valley Mearim, Maranhão state. The study object is inserted in discussions about family farming and extractivism in fields of babaçu palm occurrence (Attalea speciosa), and will be treated in the village of São Manoel, municipality of Lago do Junco, microregion of Médio Mearim, Maranhão State. Highlights are the changes in the intrafamily and interfamily work relations and the importance of local collective organization for the maintenance of social community relations. It is observed that even in the face of great social transformations imposed by a hegemonic economic model, the community maintains an interaction that allows the renovation of cooperation activities and help. Studies already indicated, since the decade of 50, the trend of the disappearance of the practices referred as mutirao, however, observed that in the village of São Manoel, these practices have been renewed even with the changes in the socioeconomic organization of families. In this case study aimed to describe and discuss the practices of mutirao both in current times and the past history of the place, bearing in consideration the economic, politic and cultural aspects. Sought to understand how and why this social group, subordinate to hegemonic economic and social model, maintains and renews, through its intrafamily and interfamily relationships, the practice of mutirao. It is worth mentioning that the process of learning resulting from praxis has contributed to the political organization, the construction of spaces of common use and consolidation of the social visibility politics of São Manoel.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Extração do óleo do bicho do caroço do tucumã (Speciomerus ruficornis Germar): descrição do sistema sociotécnico
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-02-26) PEREIRA, Juliane do Socorro Mendonça; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5914095913079907; SIMÕES, Aquiles Vasconcelos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0471255070027912
The oil of the tucumã stone bug is a medicinal product extracted from the beetle larva (Speciomerus ruficornis Germar) a traditional knowledge passed down through the generations in communities of Marajó, especially in the Saracá community located in the municipality of Ponta de Pedras-PA where the oil is widely used in the treatment of illnesses and corresponds to an important source of income for families that carry out its extraction. This master's dissertation has the general objective of showing and describing the steps and stages of the process of extracting the oil from the tucumã seed, according to the reports of the residents of the Saracá community on the island of Marajó, as a cultural inventory through the elaboration of a sociotechnical guide. As key concepts for discussion, traditional communities, traditional knowledge, tucumã-do-Pará and natural resource management were considered, by means of authors who work with such themes with ownership, in a perspective of respect and appreciation for peoples and traditional knowledge. . The research is classified as a case study, since it was proposed to study the case of the oil of the animal and aims to return to the community through the final product, a sociotechnical guide with information already known by the residents and others pertinent to maintenance practice and traditional knowledge. The construction of the text took place through primary and secondary sources, considering the experiences lived in the years 2016, 2019 and 2020, recorded through a field diary, photographs and interviews. The monitoring of the stages of the animal oil extraction process, reports from residents, studies carried out on the ecosystem and possible environmental implications regarding the intensification of product extraction due to the increase in demand, demonstrated the need for resource management in order to guarantee access by present and future generations, enabling the reproduction of the beetle that corresponds to an important species and the maintenance of the ecosystem.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Identidade étnica, formas de enquadramento institucional, modos de fazer e práticas de uso dos ribeirinhos amazônidas: o caso do Assentamento Quilombola na Ilha de Campompema, Abaetetuba, Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-19) PEREIRA, Rosenildo da Costa; O`DWYER, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
This thesis text analyzes from an ethnographic approach how modes of knowledge are mobilized by domestic groups in the context of the territory of traditional communities in the Amazon. The locus where the research was developed is the quilombola settlement São João Batista, located in the city of Abaetetuba, State of Pará. From an ethnographic study, I describe technically how the ways of knowing how to make matapi and its respective use are mobilized by local residents, as well as, I bring to the debate the modes of knowledge of artisanal naval carpentry built in the dynamics of the territory under study. Trait as main objectives: Conduct an ethnographic research in the community, describing modes of knowledge transmitted and mobilized/used/built in relation to the occupied territory until the respective recognition of traditionally occupied lands, whose knowledge has been readjusted over the years; to analyze how the matapi manufacturing process takes place by the local riverside subjects from the anthropology of the technique, ethnographically describing the knowledge processes involved and production stages; make an analysis of the ways in which the matapi instrument is used by residents of the local territory, describing the whole process with the work of fishing with such equipment; and approach, in the same way, the knowledge of the local naval carpentry. The situational analysis points to a set of knowledge mobilized by residents within/in the referenced territory, above all and in a particular way, to artisanal naval carpentry and the making and use of the matapi trap, in a perspective of the anthropology of technique.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os impactos das práticas comerciais da empresa de cosméticos Natura na comunidade quilombola Jacarequara em Santa luzia do Pará - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018) ALMEIDA, Alessandra Damasceno de; SILVA, Arthur Boscariol da
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Lendas e mitos de uma comunidade da Amazônia utilizados noensino de ciências e na conservação do Lago do Segredo.
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-19) SILVA, Danielle Damasceno da; MELO JÚNIOR, Luiz Cláudio Moreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3064385690292102; https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2407-936X; PEREIRA, Simone de Fátima Pinheiro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6059412003152989; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2556-211X
The figures that permeate the Amazonian imagination and evoke fear or fascination also carry lessons and can contribute to the construction of a new rationality and favor the teaching of environmental sciences and the conservation of water resources in the Amazon region with an understanding of their importance. The objective of this study was to develop an interdisciplinary teaching tool inspired by the legends and myths of the Amazon as a contribution to the teaching of environmental sciences and the conservation of Lago do Segredo. The area chosen for the research was the rural community of Segredinho and the State High School Apolônia Pinheiro dos Santos, both located in the District of Tauari, municipality of Capanema-PA. The sample universe consisted of 30 students and 6 teachers at the School, in addition to 33 residents of the Segredinho community. An mini e-book divided into eight small chapters, interspersed with poems and images, was the chosen product, which was evaluated positively by those who were willing to answer the validation questionnaire. Of the teachers, 60% declared to participate in projects, although some have highlighted that this participation is not routine, but sporadic, and highlighted as difficulties the lack of collaboration, the issue of time and the difficulties of the educational system itself. 37% of community residents consider work to be the biggest challenge or difficulty in Segredinho. In conclusion, it was possible to verify that there is a wide field to be explored using the legends and myths of the Amazon in the promotion of actions both in the area of education and in the area of environmental conservation. Within the scope of this research, many challenges were envisioned and some paths were taken to face them, such as the need for new research and projects both in the school and community spheres.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A natureza como sujeito de direitos no sistema interamericano de direitos humanos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03-02) TEIXEIRA, Marcos Wagner Alves; BENATTI, José Heder; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6884704999022918
The present work seeks to demonstrate the evolution of the protection of nature, from the first letters of civil and political rights, reaching the decisions of the Inter-American System of Human Rights, especially of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights (Court IDH), to verify if in the Jurisprudence more of the Inter-American System of Human Rights, Nature is considered a subject of rights. For this purpose, the jurisprudential analysis of 9 (nine) cases judged by the Inter-American Court from 2001 to 2018, related to traditional communities and environmental protection, was used. The methodology used was qualitative-quantitative, through a literature and document review, as well as an empirical study of the IDH Court jurisprudence. Initially, we sought to carry out an analysis of the ethics of Nature, thus contributing to it from an anthropocentric, biocentric and ecocentric perspective, and the points of contact between the various theories. Next, we began to study the evolution of constitutionalism in Latin America, with emphasis on the constitutions of Ecuador and Bolivia, placing Nature on another level by protecting it constitutionally and legally as a subject of law. When investigating the protection of the environment in the international scenario, more specifically in the Inter-American System of Human Rights, we analyzed Advisory Opinion nº 23/2017, since it establishes parameters for the System in environmental protection. We verified that, in a way, the protection of nature is also present in the decisions of the Inter-American Court, not by chance, the environmental preservation, even in a reflexive way, started to have shelter in the System, in the protection of the indigenous territories and of traditional communities. In view of the interrelation of these with tangible and intangible assets, to conclude that despite Advisory Opinion No. 23/2017 it was established that the natural path would be for Nature to recognize the status of subject of rights, the decisions do not conclude from this way, bringing it closer to an anthropocentric vision with socioenvironmental concerns.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Políticas de turismo e sustentabilidade em comunidades tradicionais: perspectivas conceituais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-04) PINTO, Paulo Moreira
The public policies of tourism in Brazil and in the Amazon, analyzing its implications in the political and administrative reality of traditional communities and its relationship with the historical sustainability of those populations in relation to the natural environment. It is an exploratory research, and in order to achieve its goal, describes the trajectory of the public policies of tourism in Brazil and, particularly, in the Amazon confronting them with theoretical background that support the formation of public policies, specially of sustainable tourism, which permeates the new programs of tourism and foresees the inclusion of community participation as an important element to carry out the public policies of tourism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Povos e comunidades tradicionais da Amazônia Legal: análise das normas jurídicas de acesso aos territórios e aos bens ambientais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) LOPES, Syglea Rejane Magalhães; MATTOS NETO, Antonio José de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4719479439779242
This study examines the right of accessing areas by people and traditional communities and the right of accessing environmental goods located in traditional territories in the light of the1988's Constitution and the "legal rules". The research's approach focuses on the Legal Amazon and uses as an example the State of Pará. The analysis focuses on three categories of peoples and traditional communities: indigenous peoples, remnants quilombos' communities and traditional extractive communities, located in conservation units (RESEX, FLONA and RDS) and PAE. It is a critical examination of legal institutions that guarantee the people and communities access to traditional territories and tools that allow the use of environmental goods located in their territories. The survey results emphasize the importance of standardization and regulation, based on the collective right of access to areas by people and traditional communities, as well as access to assets located in those territories, believing that peoples and traditional communities make the national environmental heritage – ecologically balanced environment. It is behind the resistance to such regulation or regulations, the maintenance of spoliation, both externally, from the North on the southern countries, as internally, by dominant groups for groups controlled.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Processo participativo da mulher na cadeia produtiva do mexilhão Mytella charruana (D’orbgny, 1846) na comunidade Vila Nova, Bragança-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-03-26) ARAUJO, Zilah Therezinha de Souza; SILVA, Iracely Rodrigues da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5393264898435715; SIQUEIRA, Deis Elucy; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8347270681208567
The study of the sexual division of the Mytella Charruana productive chain from Vila –nova, Bragança-PA, was developed on Juner 2013 to February, 2014. Aiming to analyze women’s participation and appreciation in those activities. For this, we have chosen two categories for analysis: traditional community and the work’s sexual division. Presenting the productive chain of Mitilídeo Mytella charruana. With Own resources, we followed the qualitative method presenting ten families that selected because they used to organize the mollusk’s extraction activities in the same area. As an methodological instrument the snow ball technique, to identify the leaders and the formation of the sample group; the interview ,the questionnaire and the informal talk, the participative observation, and picture registers.The investigation resulted in the following of identification of men and women in the productive chain: the collection data, the extraction process and the Mytella charruana’s commercialization. Concluding that from the moment it started to be introduced and sold in market, men became responsible for the collection, and responsible for the first and final step of the mollusk extraction. And that women are responsible for the space prepping to the products’ arriving after the extraction of it, the cleaning of each product, the rescues’ collect process after selection, of the review process of extraction of each shell to extract possible content of mass, adding to daily domestic activities. Whereas women’s work, the strict hygienic treatment of Mytella charuana, is considered the big deal when dealing with regional costumers, the valorization goes to man. The investigation also showed the excessive exploration of the natural resources that need normatization and extra hand careful dealing with it, to avoid damages in the environment.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Qualidade de vida dos usuários do transporte fluvial na Amazônia: acessibilidade e políticas públicas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-04) COUTO, Mayra Hermínia Simões Hamad Farias do; RAVENA, Nírvia; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0486445417640290
The river transport is the main form of displacement of traditional communities in the Amazon, and responsible for the quality of life and survival of riparian. The research aimed to describe how public policy and accessibility not carry river in the Amazon. The accessibility was assessed river Passenger Terminal In the cities of Santarém and Oriximiná and choose was made for the representativeness of the sample with exclusive transportation for population and they transport cargo. It was evaluated as Public Policy through the Political positioning in creation of new ports law using as shorthand notes. It was observed that the terminals in the Amazon not have an accessibility planned for national standards defined for the National Agency of Waterway Transportation (ANTAQ) and the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT). As shorthand notes had largest placements in discussion as bid as areas port and contract maintenance time focusing greater cargo transportation areas and responsible amendment for the local assessment in the Amazon in order to generate as future Public Policy no had positioning parliamentary Amazon. By analyzing the quality of life addressing Infrastructure and how generated policies to river transport user Amazonian were observed there is little accessibility and how Public Policy in sector aim to transport cargo to the detriment of users and have little regional representation, not a national struggle political, negatively impacting the quality of life of inland waterway transport in the Amazon user, however no shortage of river transport studies, as research increase necessary being no paragraph sector future Public Policy planning that they encourage the accessibility in the Amazon.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
“Quem mora em cima da terra é que tem direito!”: o fim da relação freguês-patrão e as novas relações de trabalho na unidade familiar de produção dos chamados “tiradores de açaí” da Vila Monteiro do Rio Preto, no município de Afuá-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) BARBOSA, Maricélia Gonçalves; PORRO, Noemi Sakiara Miyasaka; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3982338546545478
This dissertation is about changes in the labor relations within and among family units of production in the traditional communities of the so-called "açaí gatherers". Through local narratives by members of a extense family named “The Monteiro of the black River”, we reconstituted this family trajectory, allouing us to learn about transformations incurred Throughout the years, especially on labor relations. The collected data about their history and social practices help us to examine the struggles for land sights the establishment and recognition of their traditional territories, the constitution of new labor relations and their reflections on their social and political actions, as Well as, on the traditional knowledge that drives this community’s natural resources management.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reflexões sobre construção de fronteiras sociais e étnicas: levantamentos etnográficos e estudos de caso no contexto regional do Baixo Amazonas, Santarém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-08-05) DEL ARCO, Diego Pérez Ojeda; O’Dwyer, Eliane Cantarino; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7254906067108841; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0523-188X
Considering the distincts ethnic group identity processes carried out by social groups that guide their actions in favor of self-recognition as remaining quilombo communities in the Lower Amazon region, the general objective of this work is to analyze the production and reproduction of ethnicity based on the understanding that it does not stem from empirically observable cultural discontinuities. Aware of its variation, we highlight the complex relations between ethnicity and culture through an ethnography of the political processes of territorial recognition as a quilombo based on the situational analysis carried out in the quilombola community of Surubiu-Açú, whose community association was the last to become part of the Federation of the Quilombolas Organizations in Santarém (FOQS), and in Saracura quilombola community, one of the first communities to star to recognize themselves as quilombola in Santarém, Pará, Brazil. Thus, taking into account different scales of analysis, we will emphasize the contexts of interaction where ethnic identity is manifested, whether in social interaction with other neighboring communities or with the State itself, in the claim of ethnic and territorial right. With this, the similarities present in the ways of making, creating and living observed between quilombolas and “riverside” communities, will be compared contrastively with the different processes of cultural distinctiveness. It is precisely through these processes that diacritical signals are chosen and become relevant both in intercommunity interaction and in the configuration of ethnic and political identities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reserva de desenvolvimento sustentável Rio Negro (AM) e sua relação com o turismo de base comunitária: perspectivas de gestão local na Amazônia e percepção das comunidades
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-10-30) SOUSA, Roberta Maria de Moura; FIGUEIREDO, Silvio José de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2578700144404800
This thesis had as main objective to analyze the process of management of CommunityBased Tourism (TBC) implanted in the Rio Negro Sustainable Development Reserve (RDS) and its relation with the communities of Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Tumbira, Santa Helena do Inglês, São Sebastião do Saracá, São Thomé, Santo Antônio do Lago do Tiririca and Nossa Senhora do Perpétuo Socorro do Acajatuba, located on the right bank of the RDS belonging to the municipality of Iranduba (AM) composing the Mosaic of Protected Areas of Lower Rio Negro, considering the performance of the Amazonas Sustainable Foundation (FAS) and the State. In order to answer the questions that caused us concern, it was necessary to elaborate a theoretical-methodological reference that would enable us to understand the observations made in the field through a dialogue with the theory. Given this, we seek to base the study on theories that deal with tourism articulating with the notion of the use of territory, space and place as a social aspect. From a qualitative perspective, this research was carried out based on descriptive, exploratory studies, through bibliographical survey, documentary analysis and field research, with observation, interviews, oral narratives, participatory workshops for tourism planning and the construction of mental maps. The results revealed that in each community surveyed there are difficulties in planning the TBC and this is perpetuated mainly by the actions of the State, with regard to public policies in interpreting tourism from the economic point of view, distancing it from its social and environmental commitments. Likewise, it was possible to observe that the FAS, furthermore, acts to the State of Amazonas the implementation of governmental policies and projects that contemplate the tourist development. Although it seeks new sustainable practices through TBC, it is linked to a political process alien to the principles of sustainability, and uses environmental discourse to integrate into society and minimize the conflicts and dissatisfactions of traditional communities, embodied in participatory management. In this direction, decision-making bodies in the field of tourism planning and management promote relations of power and dependence under the logic of the domination of financial capital. In addition, it is believed that the residents of RDS Rio Negro who recognize and identify themselves as "local people" feel excluded from the process of planning and managing tourism activities. On the other hand, they believe TBC is a potential vehicle for social transformation and as an alternative to nature conservation, social inclusion, in addition to being able to generate income for the locality. Finally, it was observed that the organizational form of tourism meets individual preferences, so there is no intention to promote development from a local perspective.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Territorialidades específicas em Barcarena confrontadas com projetos de "desenvolvimento"
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-13) MAIA, Rosane de Oliveira Martins; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684
This research aims to analyze the traditional and the quilombolas indigenous communities of Barcarena in regards to resistance strategies to the loss of their specific territorialities. Living the dilemma of socio-environmental conflict in which they are victimized by environmental crimes, successive displacements and expropriation, they still manage to maintain forms of living, social, and cultural reproduction that differs from those imposed by industrial capitalism and the development project. Through legal plurality, they seek the recognition to their specific territorialities ownership and keep their place, or even to choose to move out. The research aims as an empirical field the quilombolas indigenous communities located around Murucupi river, in “Vila dos Cabanos” and the traditional communities of the Industrial District of Barcarena. The research initially analyzes the previous period to the presence of the mining complex, the universe of the site and territorialization of indigenous and quilombola units when they were usurped and expropriated by the Church, and later their territorial domains passed on to CDI and CODEBAR. It deepens its study in the illusory and mediatic force of the development progress, inaugurating the socio-environmental conflict in Barcarena, which makes the inhabitants of the traditional communities vulnerable to environmental crimes and displacement processes, due to irresponsible, degrading practices of mining companies and by the developmental project adopted by the state that seeks "development" even based on social and environmental costs. Despite the annihilating attempts to their forms of existence, the Industrial District traditional communities require the recognition of specific territorialities to guarantee their rights in the current relocation and indemnification negotiations, while the quilombolas indigenous communities require rights to remain in the place through the legitimate recognition of theirs specific territoriality along with the MPF, Cultural Foundation Palmares and INCRA.