Navegando por Assunto "Conjuntos habitacionais"

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O Banco Nacional de Habitação e o Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida: duas políticas habitacionais e uma mesma lógica locacional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11) SILVA, Marlon Lima da; TOURINHO, Helena Lúcia Zagury
This article undertakes a comparative analysis of the policies of Banco Nacional de Habitação (National Housing Bank) and Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida (My House My Life Program). Its parameter is the locational logic of the housing estates implemented by these policies in the Metropolitan Region of Belém (Northern Brazil). This paper characterizes the two policies, maps the housing estates they have set up in the metropolitan context, and classifies them according to the three funding bands laid down by each policy. It shows that, in both cases, the sites chosen for the housing estates in the urban grid are determined by the purchasing power of the borrowers, in such a way that those who "have a better home and life" are those who can pay more for the dwelling. By revealing that the housing estates targeted at those in the lowest income stratum are located on the periphery, it shows the clear segregation process that has characterized the production of urban space in these housing policies.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Habitação produzindo espaço urbano na reprodução de conjuntos habitacionais: experiências e tendências na região metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-05-23) SILVA, Marlon Lima da; OLIVEIRA, Janete Marília Gentil Coimbra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5569740569229032
The dissertation discusses the production of urban space, extracting from settlements the central elements of analysis. It is part of the National Housing Bank (BNH) reaching the Program My House My Life (PMCMV), covering five decades of materializations expressed in social housing projects of the Metropolitan Region of Belém (RMB). For didactic purposes, the analytical indicators were subdivided into two groups: that reveal the production of urban space at the metropolitan scale and at a local scale. The location of the settlements and the social agents responsible for the production of the settlements. These agents are delimited along the housing policies. On the local scale, the indicators are represented by unique architectural form and its internal dynamics, considering also the uses within the joint. The methodology incorporated the bibliographical survey on the subject, emphasizing the production of urban space in metropolitan areas and housing policies of the BNH PMCMV. Thematic maps were drawn, revealing the materialization of housing policies and spatial practices of different actors. Field work was developed within the joint, identifying the original architectural pattern, their dynamics and their uses, in addition to performing a photographic survey. Since the 1960s, the urban sprawl of the RMB has been growing at an accelerated rate, in a context where the construction of housing estates has assumed prominence. Housing policies of BNH-PMCMV have been manifested in specific locations in RMB, with rhythms and intensities that express the conflicting logic of production of urban space in the metropolitan scale. The social agents select locations according to purchasing power of demands, often extending the urban fabric in rural areas, a logic in which the facilities are directly proportional to the buying power of borrowers. The original form of sets, their internal dynamics and their uses have revealed a number of conflicts and contradictions at the local scale. These conflicts have been expressing the degree of modification of standardized infrastructure and diversification of uses present within the joint housing units. In the synthesis of materializations in metropolitan and local scales, urban space expresses his confrontational dynamic, from housing, revealing experiences and trends in RMB.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metropolização e produção da moradia: uma análise das novas (velhas) condições do habitar e do morar na metrópole Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-10-18) COSTA, Léa Maria Gomes da; RODRIGUES, Jovenildo Cardoso; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9028575905648156; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5650-1168
The modern city drift of the advent of the industrial capitalist production mode, that forged the metropolitan space as one of the primordial elements for its consolidation and expansion. With the transition of capitalism to a flexible production system and global interaction, dispersion becomes the principal mark of the urban-metropolitan expansion. Had by reference the role that the residential settlements, especially the derivatives of habitational-politics, have in the process of Belém‟s metropolization, wonders: is there similarities between the habitational‟s production and popular dwelling developed on the second half of 20th century and the one that develops in the first quarter of 21st century? This question guided the research now presented, that had by its principal objective comprehend the principles that guide the popular dwelling‟s production in the context of Belém's metropolization and the process of disruption and continuity that guide the production at the beginning of the century. The defended thesis is that the recent Belém‟s metropolitan disperse form constitutes expression, product, environment and condition of determinations of the city‟s capitalist production, that is revealed by a desigual geographical development, which is expressed, on the popular dwelling scope, by maintenance of peripheral pattern of localization of habitation‟s formal production and by the reinforcement of the precarious conditions to which they are submitted the populares settlements in the metropolitan space. The theorization about the space‟s production oriented the methodological procedures of research, that started with the bibliographical study aimed at the theoretical-conceptual review and deepening of themes as: urbanization, metropolization, metropolitan restructuration and housing‟s production forms. This studies were sequenced by a documental investigation about the housing politics developed in Brazil as of the 20th century; the implementation of the housing programs in Belém‟s Metropolitan Region (RMB); study of historical maps and data survey in Demographic Census of 1991, 2000 and 2010 about the basic conditions of urban infrastructure on RMB. The documentary investigation was complemented for empiric studies developed by a fieldwork; data survey on the Pará‟s Housing Company and RMB municipality‟s Housing Secretaries, that culminated with the realization of interviews with a technician from the Metropolitan Transport Management Center and with Belém, Ananindeua and Marituba municipality‟s Housing Secretaries. The survey and data systematization subsidized the analytical process and the elaboration of thematic maps. The reasearch‟s results allow to infer that on the dwelling production field are found important keys to comprehend the current phase of the Belém‟s metropolitan dispersion. One of these keys is the increase of social spatial inequality, that is expressed in the popular territories, whose expansion reproduces both the precarious housing conditions, and its distance, concrete and/or symbolic, in relation to urban varolization areas; whether they are represented by the traditional center or by the new centralities forged from the territorial enclaves produced by the real estate market in the metropolitan periphery.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Os programas habitacionais de interesse social e sua atuação na região metropolitana de Belém: a espacialização das ações na contramão do direito à cidade
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-12) CASTRO, Marlon D'Oliveira; OLIVEIRA, Janete Marília Gentil Coimbra de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5569740569229032
This dissertation makes a reflection on the new Brazilian housing policy characterized as a moment of organizational changes made by the Brazilian state with the historical problem attention to housing or social housing and the gap created in the last three decades on this vital aspect of working-class life: access to home own. In this intention, we tried to analyze the process of production of space in the metropolitan region of Belém from the perspective of the capitalist mode of production and the attempt to regulate the incorporation of space for new instruments, which so inculcated, would be able to alleviate the problem of housing shortage in the region with the inclusion of the right to the city intrinsically present in programs of social housing, arising after the creation of the National System for Social Housing in 2005, which at that time brought claims of social organizations within it, after the enactment of the Statute of the City, which implicitly encompassed elements discussed by the National Forum of Urban Reform in the previous decades. The work bases sat on critical geography, literature review and its confrontation with the lines of the main promoters of this policy subject in recent years (technical social organizations, institutional agents, Caixa Economica Federal, activists, trade unionists and private sector developers) in RMB, evidences the gap between the development and execution of social housing and intentional forgetting the possibilities of implementing the proposed organic, stemming from the SNHIS/FNHIS and the adoption of marketing strategies instrumental typically designed to focus on the reproduction of capital, with the advent of and the adoption of marketing strategies instrumental typically designed to focus on the reproduction of capital, with the advent of “Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida” (2009). The results point to diffuse visions of agents and actors on the housing problem and addressing them, but converge in understanding the rupture created in a specific historical moment, to support the growing economy in the context of the threat of global economic crisis (2008) and freezing of government intentions suppression greater portion of the housing deficit in the “social interest”, what we call the opposite of the right to the city, that is, political and economic reorientation in favor of not cooling the market and permanence conditions governance to political groups currently dominating.