Navegando por Assunto "Construction"

Agora exibindo 1 - 20 de 22

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise das causas de aditivos de custo e de prazo em obras públicas de instituições federais de ensino
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-03-19) ALVARENGA, Felipe Campos; MAUÉS, Luiz Maurício Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7497951647889934
Completing works within the cost and schedule stipulated in the planning phase is a major problem faced by managers in the construction industry. With this, several studies have been carried out around the world to identify the main reasons that lead to noncompliance with the works at the time and cost initially established. The present study aims to analyze the contractual additions made in public works of the Federal Institutions of Education (IFEs) and the main reasons that led to their conclusion. To achieve this goal, statistical tools were used to compare the cost and time changes between the country regions. The data of this work includes public construction projects divided in all the 5 regions of the Country, filtered from the database of the Ministry of Education. A diagnosis was made showing the percentage of additives among the regions and the main justifications of the same ones indicated in a sampling in this database. Statistical techniques such as the Kruskall-Wallis Analysis of Variance and the Mann-Whitney U-Test were used for data analysis and inference. As results, the differences in the distribution of time and cost additives were statistically significant among the regions, with the South and Central-West regions presenting the greatest differences and the North, Northeast and Southeast regions with a statistically similar behavior among them. Of the 2178 projects collected, 69.05% had additives of term and 61.89% of cost. The main factors that affect time and cost of the projects were the inclusions and / or modifications of design and the additions of services. The ways to reduce the incidence of overruns point to the use of Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology, lean construction and greater experience in the management of works.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do comportamento mecânico de tubos de concreto com fibras de aço produzidos com materiais da região metropolitana de Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-09-25) OLIVEIRA, Marco Antonio Barbosa de; POMPEU NETO, Bernardo Borges; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6564259204591721; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
The steel fibers in the concrete pipes have provided better mechanical performance levels. In the northern region, uniquely in Belem, no studies on the technical feasibility of this technological resource, although there is considerable deficiency of urban infrastructure. Thus become relevant conduct studies on alternative technology. This study seeks to analyze the mechanical behavior of concrete pipes with steel fibers, aiming at the technical feasibility of replacing the concrete pipe with conventional armor. The research methodology we used steel fibers in loose state and glued comb DRAMIX® 3D type 65/35 and 80/60 DRAMIX® 3D type. For each fiber type were adopted contents of 20 kg / m³ (0.25%), 30 kg / m³ (0.38%) and 40 kg / m³ (0.50%) by weight and volume fraction, respectively. The size of all concrete pipes was 600 mm diameter, wall thickness of 60 mm and effective length 1000 mm, and the cylindrical bodies of the test piece of 100x200mm and prismatic of 150x150x500mm and 150x150x550mm, which were subjected to the tests for mechanical behavior evaluation and durability. In the production of concrete with the fibers was reviewed in the fresh state with frustoconical rebate between 0 and 10 mm. The dosage of concrete with fibers was routinely employed by the company for concrete without fibers, and the strength of the fibers takes place under the rule of the mixture. The results obtained that the concrete pipe with fiber type 80/60 loose at all levels and pasted comb the levels of 0.38% and 0.50%, reached the minimum breaking load and post-cracking set by the NBR 8900 (ABNT, 2007), thus would be technically feasible as the replacement of reinforced concrete pipes conventionally, under the conditions and specifications of this study.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise do efeito da retangularidade dos pilares nos critérios normativos de dimensionamento à punção em lajes lisas de concreto armado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-10-22) PAIVA, Odilson da Silva de; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
The system with flat slabs that do not depend on framework of beam has limited resistance by the resistance to punching shear, since the region of the slab-column is critical due to concentrated loads around the columns. The geometry of the columns is one of the factors influencing the distribution of stresses in the region of slab-column connection affecting turn in sizing the punching shear in the flat slabs. In this study we performed a thorough data collection that aims to collect into a single job the greatest possible amount of slabs covering the biggest names in the study of national and international punch, featuring a total of 131 slabs. A comparison was made between the main normative codes currently used Eurocode 2 (2004), NBR 6118 (2007), ACI 318 (2008) and CEB-FIP (2010). The experimental results were compared with those obtained theoretically taking into account the effects of retangularidade rate index in flat slabs of reinforced concrete, without punching shear reinforcement checking the adequacy, trustworthiness of each recommendation, analyzing the particularities of the rules and guidelines of each normative criterion.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Análise numérica de seções reforçadas de concreto armado considerando o estado inicial de tensões
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2013-09-30) LAURINDO, Caio Felipe; SOUZA, Remo Magalhães de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1995895693959225
This work deals with the formulation and computational implementation, in MATLAB, for numerical analysis of reinforced concrete cross-sections, subject to bending, considering the stress state prior to reinforcement. The analysis is made by generating axial load – bending moment interaction diagrams by two methods: a) scan of the ruin domains established by the Brazilian standard NBR6118/2003 b) determination of peaks in Axial Force-Moment-Curvature Relationships. In both methods, the midpoint rule for numerical integration is applied in the resistant stress calculation, and the Newton Raphson root-finding procedure is used to determine the strain in the reference axis of the cross-section, in order to obtain the Axial Force- Moment-Curvature Relationships. Preliminarily, it was concluded that the first of the two methodologies is not feasible. Subsequently, the effectiveness of the second method was confirmed. Finally, it was possible to expand the scope of this work in order to allow the analysis of cross-sections of any shape throughout the course of staged construction, considering the initial stress state of each stage. The computational implementation for this study was based on the program for numerical analysis of sections SECLAB, developed by Professor Remo Magalhães de Souza.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aplicação da análise de viabilidade econômica e financeira para venda de casas em um condomínio residencial no interior do Amazonas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-08-18) SILVA, Aline Souza da; BATISTA, Clauderino da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1345689043203622
Civil Construction was one of the sectors that had the greatest negative impact since the last economic crisis in 2014, in which it closed more than 100 thousand jobs, and consequently, the situation was much more alarming, as there was a worsening in the following three years; however, there was a slight hike in 2018, with the help of the reduction in the Selic rate, in which people withdrew their money from investments that did not have as much income and invested in residential or commercial properties. In this way, new investments will be made possible, be they commercial or residential projects, creation of construction sites, hiring of personnel, machinery and material. Therefore, this work aims to apply the analysis of economic and financial feasibility in a residential condominium in the municipality of Iranduba, in the interior of Amazonas; showing the details of the project, and the costs involved in the elaboration; analyzing the economic and financial risk indicators; presenting cash flow, EBITDA, Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (TIR) and Payback to identify and evaluate the viability of the project; demonstrate possible flaws in the execution of the project. Starting from a feasibility study, using as a method, an applied and quali-quantitative research; bibliographic surveys, analysis and data analysis. Data were collected at the construction company and developer in the development and new business sector. The results showed that the project studied is economically viable and offers great potential. A simulation was carried out with the sale of all units of the project until the thirtieth month of execution, that is, until the completion of the work. The commercialization hypothesis resulted in a NPV of R$3,542,284.98, IRR of 34.27% p.a., simple payback with return on investment in the 26th month of execution and profitability index of 1.10. Based on these data, it was possible to carry out the application of economic feasibility indicators in the project's cash flow in order to verify the return on investment. The scenarios proved to be profitable and consistent in terms of their financial health and an interesting alternative for the investor, since all the methods of analysis applied showed a very positive result over the monthly periods analyzed, indicating a reasonably quick financial return.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação de sistemas de indicadores de desempenho para empresas da construção civil da Região Metropolitana de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-25) BUENO, André Ricardo; NEVES, Renato Martins das; NEVES, Renato Martins das; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
Globalization and the demand for sustainable actions of the current market, increasingly require the companies to strive for continuous improvement. Corporate managers seek at ali times to achieve maximum positive results for profit, with low production costs and that its activities are increasingly sustainable. The use of performance indicators is an alternative system for measuring organizational performance, being a reflection of this concern. This performance should be evaluated not only on financial information, because in this way would be insufficient for understanding the dynamic business environment of today. The use of indicator systems constitutes one of the major initiatives that can be implemented to track the necessary modernization and development of the construction industry in the pursuit of increased efficiency, efficacy and effectiveness in generating various processes that constitute the system of production. The search strategy used is a case study therefore aims to understand systems performance indicators used in the metropolitan region of Belém and the relevance of these for business decision making. To search 5 steps were taken: 1) development of templates for data collection, 2) selection of companies for conducting the research, 3) survey of indicators, 4) meetings with the participating companies and 5) proposed indicator system standardized. The main results were: (a) understanding of the dynamics of use of performance indicators in the region; (b) understanding of entrepreneurial behavior of firms in the construction of the metropolitan region related to the use of performance indicators systems; (c) proposed a standard set of performance indicators as a management tool to assist in business decision making system. R appears with the results obtained need to develop academic studies that encourage the creation of enabling environments for the realization of collaborative management practices, in line management of construction, especially in the development of clubs using best practice performance indicators.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desempenho estrutural de blocos, primas, mini-paredes e paredes de alvenaria estrutural confeccionadas com blocos cerâmicos produzidos a partir da mistura de lama vermelha com argila
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-27) COSTA, Diogo Henrique Pereira e; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
New techniques for the improvement of residues have become increasingly important in constructions, especially when it comes to the use of residue from other industries and the reduction of natural raw materials. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a residue from the production of metallurgical alumina known as red mud (RM), the structural performance of blocks, prisms, mini-walls and walls made of ceramic blocks with reticulated and circular cross sections, produced from the mixture of clay and RM. Experimental tests were performed corresponding to the characterization of the materials used and testing of compressive strength of units, blocks, prisms, mini-walls and walls. All materials and units met the standard requirements for their correct use in experimental tests. The results of compression tests have shown that elements of the blocks made by mixing clay and RM parameters met the standards and showed satisfactory and superior results to the components made of composite ceramic blocks with 100% clay, usually employed in constructions.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Diagnóstico de reutilização e reciclagem de resíduos sólidos de construção civil pelas cooperativas de reciclagem no município de Belém-PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-07-05) ALMEIDA, Ana Victoria da Costa; MAUÉS, Luiz Maurício Furtado; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7497951647889934
The Civil Construction sector is one of the most important segments of the world industry, being also the one that consumes the most natural resources, and therefore generates a large amount of solid waste. Construction Waste (RCC) is considered inert, but can cause problems when not properly disposed of. When we talk about RCC, we have CONAMA Resolution 307 stating that all municipalities must give RCC’s an environmentally sound destination in order to effectively reduce the environmental impacts generated by this type of waste. Within this context the present study made a diagnosis of the main practices involving reuse and recycling of RCC’s by recycling cooperatives in the city of Belém do Pará. To this end, an RSL was performed that assisted in the development of tools for the application of this research, and also helped in the conduction of studies that deal with the theme. With RSL it was possible to conclude that no study unites RCC’s and recycling cooperatives as a way of mitigation. Along with the cooperatives a Survey was applied and then a Likert scale through which it was found that the 4 cooperatives are already handling RCC’s and that it is no longer intense due to the lack of communication channel between the RCC generators and the cooperatives. Therefore, it is concluded that cooperatives are important allies for better management and destination of RCC’s and it is interesting to explore their potential, increasingly mitigating environmental problems related to the lack of RCC management by the municipality in question and thus give a more appropriate destination with help and social contribution for the cooperatives and the population of the municipality in question
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estratégia de competição empresarial na construção civil paraense da Copala Industrias Reunidas S/A
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-09-01) RUFFEIL JUNIOR, Simão Massud; ICHIHARA, Jorge de Araújo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5726366418302065
This dissertation is based on the analysis of competitive strategy adopted in the market of iron bar for civil construction in Belém, capital of Pará, by COPALA INDUSTRIAS REUNIDAS S/A. So, there is interest in evaluate the possibilities of the company in the sense o f staying actuating with success in the sector, in which weighs the contestant carried out by metallurgies of great deportment, of which interests are from national and international encompassing. Search were realized considering the steel market of de civil construction of an ample way, being consulted constructors, businessmen and consumers of that material. Like wise, the proper COPALA was object of evaluation as well as acquirer of raw material to the steel manufacture, as how producer and seller of the product .
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O estudo da água real e virtual no concreto usinado
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-11-03) BARRETO, Lidianne Pereira Gomes Lucas; BLANCO, Claudio José Cavalcante; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8319326553139808; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973
Water is an essential substance in order to have life and as well as being a fundamental human right to water is also used in food production, services and consumer goods. Water is present in construction in real and virtual form. The water that is use in the extraction of raw materials, manufacturing of building materials and during the lifetime of the buildings and the virtual water is incorporate into the product. The construction industry is one of the fastest growing economic sectors in the world and therefore has become a major consumer of natural resources. In Brazil, the number of investments for housing has raised the number of buildings in the country and has caused builders seek technologies to reduce the time of execution of works. One such technology is the use of ready-mix concrete; a product manufactured in metering stations, which has as main advantages, the rationalization of the workforce and reduced the concrete runtime. By the growth in the use of ready-mix concrete and concern about water scarcity, this work proposed verify the presence, importance and economic value of the real and virtual water as raw material in ready-mix concrete produced in the metropolitan region of Belém-PA, therefore, although present throughout the concrete production process for the water is not assigned any economic value. When entering the real and virtual water in the unit prices of composition percentages of increases in the value of cubic meters of ready-mix concrete would be less than 1% for real water and 36% for virtual water. These increases although there are not added to the final price of manufacture of concrete. Therefore, one must consider the importance of this natural resource in the construction segment, in order to ensure the maintenance and quality of life for this and future generations.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da reciclagem de lodo de eta na fabricação de agregado sintético em mistura com cinza volante de carvão mineral
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-11-22) SILVA, Elzelis Muller da; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The Wastes (sludge) generated in the Water Treatment Plants (WTP) and fly ash from coal-fired power plants cause problems by the amount and concentration of harmful substances in them. Thus, this study aimed to produce synthetic aggregates using sludge WTP Bolonha (Belém/PA) and fly ash assessing their technical and environmental viability. The composition of the synthetic aggregates consisted of a high concentration of these residues in mixture with clay to molding and sintering at temperatures of 1200°C and 1250°C. The physical, mineralogical and microstructural analyzes of the synthetic aggregate were performed. Two concrete were produced, one with synthetic aggregate, and other references. In concrete were assessed their physical and mechanical properties in fresh and hardened state, and their microstructures. For the characterization of the concrete waste leaching and dissolution testing were performed. Synthetic aggregates were classified as lightweight aggregate for its low bulk density (<2.0 g / cm3) according to NBR 7211 (ABNT, 2009). The concrete produced with sintered aggregate (AGS-02) at 1250 °C was classified as non structural lightweight concrete according to the norms NBR 6118 (ABNT, 2014) and NBR 8953 (ABNT, 2015). The concrete of waste were classified as waste class IIB, non-hazardous and inert by NBR 10004 (ABNT, 2004) and within the limits of Resolutions No. 20/1986 and 430/2011 CONAMA into rivers class 2. It is noteworthy the synthetic aggregate meets the demands of the construction industry, reduces the consumption of raw materials and offers an alternative to the final disposal of waste.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo de parâmetros físicoquímicos para a produção de argamassas utilizando resíduos industriais e da construção civil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-26) FERREIRA, Keylla Castro; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968
The mortas can be considered as a mixture of the binders and aggregates with water, having capacity of the induration and adherence. Instead, it is suggested the production of mortas using civil construction waste, with plenty silicoaluminates, obtained in demolitions and reforms of build, and fly ash as material pozzolana, obtained of the combustion of mineral coal in fluidized bed boilers, in partial replacement of Portland cement. The civil construction wastes were benefited and characterized by X-ray spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. The fly ash was characterized by granulometric analyze and X-ray spectrometry. The mortars of the were prepared using the following compositions of RCC, 95, 90, 85, 80, 75 and 70%; CV of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% e 5% of Portland CP II Z 32 cement. In all the compositions were put 0,8% of water and the rheological testing was used the same proportions residue (RCC e CV) with 35% water. The specimens were cured for 28 days and after were submitted physical trials of absorption, porosity and bulk density; mechanical trials of resistance to compression and analysis of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained show that the recycling of civil construction waste and the use of fly ash and RCC is a promising technique in production of mortas.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Influência do teor de cinza volante na reologia de argamassa de assentamento: fabricado com reciclagem de resíduos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-02-05) CARDOSO, Dilson Nazareno Pereira; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; FELIPE, Augusta Maria Paulain Ferreira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8871741271063047
The mortars may be considered as a set of solid suspended particles (aggregate), water and binders (cement slurry). Thus, rheological behavior during cure can be influenced by factors such as particle size, composition and content of corporate water. This study investigated the rheological properties of six mortars, depending on the content of fly ash as a pozzolanic activity material, partial replacement of cement. This type of cement used as an aggregate base construction of the residue (RCC) which was characterized by diffraction and fluorescence X- rays. Were formulated for the mortars with addition of rheological tests residue construction (RCC) in proportions of 95, 90, 85, 80, 75 and 70% fly ash (CV) 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 % to 5 % of ordinary Portland Cement (PC - II and 32), and in each sample was incorporated 35 % water. We used the model VT 550 viscometer with sensor type coaxial cylinders SV1 - Haake temperature of 28 ºC. To evaluate the curing time of the material has scheduled a constant shear rate 53.4 s-1 for 1h and 45 min, with rated torque at intervals of 15min. For the development of flow curves and hysteresis curves, we used the shear rate between 0 and 600 s-1 in the time interval of 120 s. The results showed that the incorporation of fly ash is the main factor for increased torque on the curing time of mortar and behavior change reópetico for thixotropic, the traits analyzed. The experimental data of the proposed formulations are adjusted to the rheological model of Herschel - Bulkley.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O jogo dos sentidos em psicanálise: alteridade, verdade e construção
(Universidade de São Paulo, 2018-12) SOUZA, Maurício Rodrigues de
This article is a contribution to the debate concerning the problem of otherness in psychoanalysis. For this purpose, it focuses on the notion of construction, discussing the dilemma of imposition/negotiation of meaning in the clinical setting through a theoretical research that enhances two specific perspectives: the Freudian original one, closest to the realism of an equivalence between metapsychologies and the expressions of the unconscious, and that other later suggested by Serge Viderman, constructivist and skeptical about the possibilities of well-defined correspondences between clinical phenomena and predetermined theoretical representations. In conclusive terms, after approaching some dialogues proposed by Luís Claudio Figueiredo between psychoanalysis, temporality, narrativity and elements of Heidegger’s philosophy, it defends an interpretative ideal that metabolizes and embodies the speech that is directed to it, but that also supports and holds its inner differences, revealing an availability to the movement of thought itself.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A manutenção do equilíbrio econômico de contratos de obras públicas empreitadas: parâmetros para o estudo de riscos vinculados a atrasos no encaixe do preço
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-12-01) MATTOS, Renato Marinho Meira; ALENCAR, Cláudio Tavares de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1047965312058430; CRUZ, André Luiz Guerreiro da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5891750095857292
In the Civil Engineering field, one of the most important segments is the global piecework, the one that is made by an agreement and by the right and total price. Public works, that are meant to attend a public utility, and whose contracts are ruled by the 8.666/93 Law, are often bided this way. Article 58 of this Law determines that the economic-financial balance of these contracts must be kept. The theoric fundamentation concerns of public works concepts, the most important aspects of 8.666/93 Law, economic-financial analysis and risks analysis. This paper presents, also, a systematic and numeric simulation to piecework undertaking im Civil Engineering field. The goal of this paper is to create parameters for the establishment of protection margins for due-date extension, and respective price receiving, as determined by 8.666/93 Law, thus keeping the original balance. Based on 63 analyzed construction works, the economic-financial balance is verified, comparing the expected restricted return rate at the bidding moment, with the one that was actually obtained in the operation. From the deviation detected in the return rates between those two different moments, parameters for covering the referred risks are created by a simulation process and sensibility analysis. First, at the bidding moment, the restrict return mean rate is 9,45% a month. At the second moment, this rate falls to 5,16% a month. It represents, in mean, 45,39% of variation. The atractive mean rate based on the analysed public construction works is between 6% to 13% a month. The calculated parameters for due-date extension and respective price receiving is between 1,5% to 11,5% of price. Therefore, in the analysed public works, dont exist the economic-finacial maintaining balance.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Modelo para estimar o prazo de execução de obras residenciais verticais: por meio da lógica fuzzy
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-05-26) MAUÉS, Luiz Maurício Furtado; DUARTE, André Augusto Azevedo Montenegro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1135221873341973
The definition of the execution time of vertical residential buildings occurs, in most cases, empirically and during the economic and financial feasibility study of the project. This generates high risks and uncertainties regarding the deadline compliance. However, there are tools of computational intelligence that can contribute to the reduction of the degree of uncertainty, among them the fuzzy logic. This work aims to develop a hybrid model to estimate, in a reasonable way, the construction period of vertical residential buildings by associating factor analysis and fuzzy logic. For this it was used a database from the Municipal Secretary of Urban Development of Belém (SEURB) and the developers of the city, which are target of the case study, in the period from 08/24/2015 to 09/11/2015. To build the model, in the first step, i.e., the factor analysis, 127 projects were used; in the second step, the fuzzy inference, 71 projects were used; and, for the validation phase, 16 projects were used. Results obtained showed a significant level of assertiveness, with accuracy of 75%, taking into account an interval whose limits (upper and lower) were calculated in the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The model delivered a prediction performance superior to other models already accepted in literature. As theoretical contribution, the work allows a better understanding of the uncertainties and risks regarding the definition of the execution time of real estate projects, and also about how the modeling can help entrepreneurs/construction campany and technicians to make better decisions based on a hybrid model, considering the uncertain and complex environment of the economic and financial feasibility study phase for future projects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Patologias em fachadas: análises de casos na Universidade Federal do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-03-28) CARVALHO, Isabella Chaves; PICANÇO, Marcelo de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4535052395600357; MACEDO, Alcebíades Negrão; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8313864897400179
The system of external cladding of the building acts as a protective layer and contributes to the proper aspect. The facade is subject to the action of agents of degradation as one of the most exposed areas of the building, with the presence of pathology becoming responsible for high repair costs. Research suggests as a general goal, assess conditions affecting building facades of higher education in the Federal University of Pará, guided by a theoretical basis (literature review) responsible for the first information on the subject. To such as research methodology, we sought to first do a physical survey of facades of 30 buildings in UFPA, identifying cadastral records in the main degradation mechanisms. Then, after quantify / qualify the anomalies present in the sample and point out the most critical building with key injuries and their causes, listed up to this, basic intervention measures in order to solve efficiently the problem caused by proposing a document that acts as technical support for inspection of facades generally. We also used the test to characterize samples in order to prove the origins of those damages which at first could not identify the cause. The results showed that the analyzed buildings have pathological damage of different nature and degree of complexity, ranging from the most complex requiring specific tests to discover their origin, even the most simple, with scheduled maintenance can be eliminated. We conclude that much of the damage happen by human negligence, but that even with an emphasis on quality of execution in facades, there is no way rule out failures or ignore the time of use and the actions of external factors lead to degradation Nature of the building. We conclude that much of the damage happen by human negligence, but that even with an emphasis on quality of execution in facades, there is no way to reject the hypothesis failures or ignore the time of use and the actions of external factors lead to natural degradation of the building. Therefore, to prevent the early onset of pathologies in facades, bringing its useful life and reducing extra costs, it is suggested, implementation procedures based on technical standards enforcement of them, following project criteria and presenting periodic inspections so that preventive measures are taken in apt time.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil do trabalhador da construção civil da região metropolitana de Belém - PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-17) SOUZA, Lourdes Oliveira e; LIMA, Adalberto da Cruz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7803369097132222; OLIVEIRA, Dênio Ramam Carvalho de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1324105476558186
The civil construction has great importance in development of a region, creating several workstations that, when well connected, generate the final product with quality. Its labour is generally low-qualified in study terms, discriminated and devalued. Besides, we also highlighted the high accident rates related to labor activity and their affects affect not only the workers, but their families and the company. In order to know that labour, this present study had as main objective to trace the worker’s profile of the civil construction in the Belém Metropolitan Region (PA), through a case study with applying a questionnaire, divided in 3 important topics: personal, socioeconomic and professional knowledge, applied to 450 workers in several construct sites of 12 companies of civil construction’s industry. As main results, obtained that 32,0% have completed high school, 86,0% receive up 2 minimum wage, 32,9% are at civil construction’s industry between 2 and 5 years, 69,0% have own houses and 61,8% feel pains, mainly in the backs, lumbar and arms. This research will serve as an incentive for the realization of new studies in qualification and workplace safety, associated to satisfaction and improving people's living conditions of these workers, increasing in productivity and reduction of costs for the company.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reciclagem de resíduo a partir de cinzas de carvão mineral: produção de argamassas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-07-06) SIQUEIRA, Jacilene Siqueira de; SOUZA, José Antônio da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6157348947425968; SOUZA, Célio Augusto Gomes de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0800747860976046
This work aims to evaluate the possibility of use of waste obtained from the combustion of coal in fluidized bed boilers, an alumina refinery in Pará state. In this context, we evaluated the incorporation of fly ash as pozzolan, to partially replace cement in mortar production. To that end, samples were prepared using Portland cement type CPII-E-32. The mixtures were in the ratio 4:1, that is 4 parts aggregate (silica) and 1 part of binder (cement and ash), with the inclusion of the ash of 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 percentage with respect to the cement, beyond the mortar without addition. We defined two relation water / binder, 0,4 and 0,8. After 7 and 28 days curing time, were tested for compressive strength analysis of behavior. In addition, the mortar with the water / binder 0.8 were subjected to further analysis of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, water absorption, porosity and bulk density, the results obtained were consistent when compared with literature data, showing that viable application of ash studied in the construction industry.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resíduos de gesso na construção civil: um mapeamento bibliométrico na base de dados Web of Science
(Universidade do Vale do Taquari, 2024) FREITAS, Pablo Virgolino; ISHIHARA, Júnior Hiroyuki; CORDEIRO, Luciana de Nazaré Pinheiro; VIEIRA, Geilma Lima
The present study aims to analyze the scenario relating to Brazilian and international scientific publications that deal with the reuse of gypsum plaster, carrying out a bibliometric mapping in the electronic database Web of Science (WoS) covering a period of twenty years, before and after CONAMA Resolution No. 431/2011, starting in 2001 and ending in 2020. Data collection began through exploratory research, where words and expressions were collected in abstracts and keywords from scientific productions related to the topic to create word clouds. In order to identify the scope of the three words identified as translations for gypsum plaster, an initial search was carried out in order to understand their return in numbers; then, search terms were created for searches for the three translations of the word gypsum, and a search term containing them all. The article data was exported to EndNote web, where the articles were selected, and later, using the VOSViewer software, bibliometric mapping was carried out. The database search identified 150 articles, of which 54 contained information on the recycling of gypsum waste, with the participation of 163 authors from 24 countries, the most representative being Brazil, with 13 publications. In the end, there is a lack of publications related to the topic, and that, despite some works published in relevant journals, research related to gypsum waste ends up alienating researchers due to the lack of work that supports new research, since the reference theory is essential for defining research hypotheses.