Navegando por Assunto "Crise"

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Correndo o risco: Belém do Pará na charge de Biratan Porto no ocaso da ditadura (1978-1985)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-26) OLIVEIRA, Walter Pinto de; FIGUEIREDO, Aldrin Moura de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4671233730699231
Under what conditions did the civil-military dictatorship hand Belém do Pará over to the period of redemocratization? How did the civil society react to the violence and exclusion of dictatorial policies? These two questions permeate this study, which aims to decipher the situation of the main capital of the Amazon at the time, in the last seven years of the military government, a so-called period of openness, but which, despite suggesting a political softening, carried on with the signs of authoritarianism that characterized the 21 years of the regime. Based on Biratan Porto's cartoons, this study aims to answer those questions, using the methodological tools of the Social History of Art. Forty years after the events, the artist's critical humor offers an alternative reading to the press, which at the time was committed to the dictatorship. In its analytical framework of that period, Biratan's cartoon projects a unique perspective on popular resistance and suggests replacing an authoritarian clientelism with another, democratic, but still clientelism.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A crise do conceito de Episteme
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004-01) OLIVEIRA, Damião Bezerra
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O déficit do sistema previdenciário brasileiro: análise econômica para o período de 1995-2018
(Universidad del Zulia, 2019-09) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; CARVALHO, David Ferreira; AIRES, Alana Paula de Araújo
At the present juncture, the social security model in Brazil represents a serious structural problem of Brazilian public accounts. It is precisely in this context that the country is undergoing the need for emergency imposition of a “pension reform” with the purpose, above all, of making the constitutional rights of Brazilian workers more flexible. In general terms, the problem of the social security deficit is caused by the financial imbalance of the Brazilian social security system, which is manifested at the moment that the income is less than the expense. This problem characterizes the crisis of the social security system, which is due to several reasons: 1) gradual aging of the population; 2) reduction of population growth; 3) difficulty in making changes or adjustments to the rules of pensions through a pension reform; and 4) changes in the labor market. In this context, we identify the research problem; we can formulate, from now on, the fundamental objective of this article: to investigate and subsequently discuss the determinant causes of the deficit of the social security regime in between 2005- 2018, which put the country in this in a crisis condition. The main conclusion is that part of social security revenue, instead of financing pensions, is simply diverted to other uses or used as an available financial asset, which ends up imparting a vain idea of a high primary surplus by reducing net debt consolidating the Union, providing an imaginary perception of sustainability to the federal government’s solvency indicators and the Central Bank’s credibility with the financial market.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pandemia e a espiral das crise: memórias de professoras e professores da Educação Básica durante a implementação do ensino remoto no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-12-09) MONTEIRO, Ádima Farias Rodrigues; BUENO, Michele Escoura; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3126701924384242
With the aim of understanding the social, professional, and emotional effects of the emergency political arrangements implemented by the Government of the State of Pará in the state public education during the COVID-19 pandemic, based on the experience of teachers from the State Public Education Network in the Municipality of Ananindeua, in the metropolitan region of Belém, this dissertation brings an analysis of the memories that the 24 teachers I interviewed shared with me about their professional experiences. As I listened to them, I was also reliving my memories, and thus, I take on the position of a native/ethnographer (Peirano, 2014) in the text. I also analyze the main documents that regulated public education in the State of Pará in 2020 and 2021, relating them to the decisions of the federal government. Guided by what I heard in the field in January and February 2022, this study focuses on the period during the pandemic when the government of the State of Pará implemented "remote teaching" in the state public network, specifically from January to June 2021. The analysis of these experiences is in dialogue with anthropological and sociological perspectives on the topic. In Chapter I, I show how the state government managed basic education during the pandemic period when face-to- face classes were suspended in the public network. In Chapter II, I show how teachers experienced the changes resulting from the new standardization and regulation of basic education established by the state government. By analyzing the teachers' experiences, I realized that besides the contradiction between professionals and the State, other contradictions emerged as teachers practiced their profession from the domestic environment, elements to which I dedicate Chapter III. As results of this research, I argue that the pandemic deepened pre-existing crises and inequalities while producing new dynamics of crisis. According to the data, I show that as the state's educational public policies proved insufficient to contain the effects of the pandemic on basic education in Pará, teachers' lives became marked by a process of worsening precariousness of teaching work, expressed in the total flexibilization of the workday and physical and mental illness resulting from labor activities. Additionally, I highlight that in the case of women teachers who are mothers, daughters, and/or wives, there was also an endless workload of caregiving tasks, which was multiplied by the suspension of public services offered by the State, making the period one of overlapping labor and class inequalities with gender inequalities.