Navegando por Assunto "Crotalus durissus terrificus"

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Aspectos clínico-patológicos do envenenamento experimental por Caudisona durissa em equinos
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-09-28) LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1516707357889557
The clinic-pathological picture and laboratory findings in horses experimentally inoculated with the venom of Caudisona durissa terrificus (Crotalus durissus terrificus, according to the former nomenclature) are described. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of this type of snake accident in horses. The lyophilized venom was diluted into 1ml of a 0.9% saline solution and was inoculated subcutaneously into five horses, at the doses of 0.12mg/kg (one horse), 0.066mg/kg (two horses) and 0.03mg/kg (two horses). The venom caused death of the horse that had received 0.12mg/kg, and of one horse of the two that had received the dose of 0.066mg/kg. The clinical course varied from 27h27min to 52h29min. The second horse inoculated with 0.066mg/kg recovered within 12 days after inoculation. The dose of 0.03mg/kg had a course of 6 to 10 days but did not cause fatal envenomation. The clinical picture in the horses was characterized by swelling of the inoculation site and adjacent areas, by apathy and lowered head, locomotory alterations shown by dragging of the hoves on the ground, decubitus and difficulty to get up, reduction of auricular, palatal, upperlip and threat reflexes, and increase of heart and breathing frequency. The laboratory examination revealed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in two horses. There was increase of the creatine-kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (DHL) and ureia; reduction in the seric levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The time of activated partial tromboplastina (TTPA) increased in the horses that died. Post mortem findings were edema of the subcutaneous tissue at the inoculated shoulder, suffusions in the epicard of left and right heart ventricles, bladder replete with urine containing a white-yellowish sediment, and hemorrhagic areas in its mucosa. Histopatologic examination revealed the liver parenchyma with diffuse moderate vacuolation affecting predominantly the intermediate area of the hepatic lobe, and slight dilation of the sinusoides in some areas; in the kidney slight dilation of the uriniferous tubules mainly in the cortex.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Aspectos clínico-patológicos e laboratoriais do envenenamento crotálico experimental em equinos
(2012-09) LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves; SILVA, Natália da Silva e; LIMA, Danillo Henrique da Silva; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes
The clinic-pathological picture and laboratory findings in horses experimentally inoculated with the venom of Caudisona durissa terrificus (Crotalus durissus terrificus, according to the former nomenclature) are described. The purpose of this study was to contribute to the understanding of this type of snake accident in horses. The lyophilized venom was diluted into 1ml of a 0.9% saline solution and was inoculated subcutaneously into five horses, at the doses of 0.12mg/kg (one horse), 0.066mg/kg (two horses) and 0.03mg/kg (two horses). The venom caused death of the horse that had received 0.12mg/kg, and of one horse of the two that had received the dose of 0.066mg/kg. The clinical course varied from 27h27min to 52h29min. The second horse inoculated with 0.066mg/kg recovered within 12 days after inoculation. The dose of 0.03mg/kg had a course of 6 to 10 days, but did not cause fatal envenomation. The clinical picture in the horses was characterized by swelling of the inoculation site (shoulder) that spread to the whole leg, by apathy and lowered head, locomotory alterations shown by dragging of the hoves on the ground, decubitus and difficulty to get up, reduction of auricular, palatal, upperlip and threat reflexes, and increase of heart and breathing frequency. The laboratory examination revealed leukocytosis and lymphocytosis in two horses. There was increase of the creatine-kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (DHL) and urea, and reduction in the seric levels of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium. The activated partial tromboplastina time (TTPA) increased in the horses that died. Postmortem findings were edema of the subcutaneous tissue of the whole leg into which the venom was inoculated, suffusions in the epicard of left and right heart ventricles, and bladder with hemorrhagic areas in its mucosa. Histopatologic examination revealed the liver parenchyma with diffuse moderate vacuolation affecting predominantly the intermediate area of the hepatic lobe, and slight dilation of the sinusoides in some areas, and slight dilation of the kidney tubules mainly in the cortex.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo da ação da crotoxina sobre o perfil de ativação de macrófagos peritoneais infectados com Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-12) FARIAS, Luis Henrique Seabra de; SILVA, Edilene Oliveira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7410116802190343
American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is a parasitic disease widely spread in most countries of Latin America, and caused by different species of the genus Leishmania. This protozoan is an obligate intracellular parasite that developed mechanisms to subvert the microbicidal activity of macrophages, such as inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) production. The chemotherapy is one of the most effective treatments for this disease, although the antileishmanial drugs available are in general toxic, expensive and require long-term treatment. Thus, the development of new natural products to treat leishmaniasis has become a priority. Ophidian toxins are natural sources of bioactive products with therapeutic properties already described. Therefore, we considered analyze the activity of crotoxin (CTX), a dimeric protein and the main neurotoxic component of Crotalus durissus terrificus snake venom, against promastigotes of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and macrophages. The toxin significantly decreasing of 32,5% on the growth of promastigotes at 1,2μg/mL and 24,9% at 4,8μg/mL after 96 hours of treatment (IC50= 22,86μg/mL). The colorimetric assay (MTT) showed that this compound presented no cytotoxic effects against macrophages. Interestingly, CTX treated macrophages presented a significant higher capacity to metabolize the MTT substrate (mean= 59,78% ±3,31, higher) when compared with untreated control. It was observed that treated macrophages presented intense production of ROS (mean= 35,95% ±2,76, higher) when compared with untreated cells. Treated macrophages presented increased phagocytic activity and were capable to eliminate intracellular parasites. Besides that, these cells had it NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines production increased and morphological alteration that characterizes the M1 cellular activation profile. That activation culminates with the parasite elimination throughout host response, reverting the anergic action promoted by L. amazonensis, thereby leading to a good disease prognostic, evidencing that this compound could be a promising antileishmanial agent.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quadro clínico-patológico do envenenamento crotálico experimental em bubalinos comparado com o de bovinos
(2011-11) BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; SOUSA, Melina Garcia Saraiva de; TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; REIS, Alessandra dos Santos Belo; BOMJARDIM, Henrique dos Anjos; LOPES, Cinthia Távora de Albuquerque; OLIVEIRA, Carlos Magno Chaves
The objective of the study was to verify the sensibility of buffaloes to the poison of Cro- talus durissus terri icus and to study the clinical-pathological picture in buffaloes in com- parison with the one in cattle. The subcutaneous inoculation of the lio ilized poison of the snake, diluted in 1ml of physiologic solution, was done in the area of the humerus-radio- -ulnar joint of three buffaloes at doses of 0.015, 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg, and of two cattle at doses of 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg. The buffalo that received the 0.03mg/kg dose presented severe clinical signs but recovered six days later. The bovine that received the same dose, died after a clinical course of 22h56min. The 0.066mg/kg dose caused death of the bovine as also the buffalo, with a clinical course of 4h23min and 8h12min, respectively. The bu- ffalo that received the 0.015mg/kg dose recovered, after a course of 48 hours. The buffalo that died, showed clinical signs from 3h58min on, and the buffaloes that showed symp- toms from 17h25min and 24h00min after inoculation of the venom, but recovered. In the two cattle that died (with doses of 0.03 and 0.066mg/kg), the irst clinical signs occurred 6h10min and 6h31min after the inoculation of the venom. The inoculation produced in the buffaloes and cattle nervous symptoms of laccid paralysis. The main signs observed in the buffaloes as well as the cattle, were slight volume increase at the site of inoculation, respiration dif iculties characterized by predominantly abdominal breathing, apathy, sia- lorreia, dif iculty to get up when stimulated, evolution to sternal decubitus followed by lateral decubitus with peddling movements of the legs, and decrease of the re lexes related to the cranial nerves. The buffaloes showed also augmentation of the sustentation base, dragging of the hooves of the hind legs, slow and staggering gait, dif iculty in apprehension of the food, The cattle showed additionally paralysis of the eyeballs, revealed through non- -exhibition of the sclera during head rotation in latero-caudal direction. Laboratory exams revealed in the cattle and the buffaloes leucocytosis by neutro ilia, and in the biochemis- try series, increase in the levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase, creatinaquinase and lactic dehydrogenase. There was no alteration in the urinalysis nor in the activation time of protrombine and in the time of partially activated tromboplastin. Necropsy only evidenced slight edema corresponding to the inoculation site in one bovine. Histopathological examination revealed picnosis of the epitelial cell nuclei of some kidney tubules in the cortex (in the buffalo and in one bovine) and slight vacuolation of hepatocites (in one bovine).
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Quadros clínico-patológicos do envenenamento ofídico por Crotalus durissus terrificus e Bothrops spp. em animais de produção
(2014-04) TOKARNIA, Carlos Maria Antônio Hubinger; BRITO, Marilene de Farias; BARBOSA NETO, José Diomedes; DÖBEREINER, Jürgen
A review was performed about the clinical and pathological pictures caused by the venoms of Crotalus durissus terrificus and Bothrops spp. in cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep and swine. The data were compiled from experiments in livestock species found in the literature, from experimentation accomplished by our research group, and from communicated natural cases of snakebite poisoning. The most important data were placed on two Tables, the analysis of which revealed some interesting aspects: (1) in our experiments the venom of Crotalus durissus terrificus caused in horses severe edema at the site of subcutaneous injection, to the contrary as observed in all other experimental animal species, an aspect not recorded in the literature; (2) in our experiments the venom of Bothrops species in cattle, sheep and horses, injected subcutaneously, did not cause edema as generally reported in the literature, but caused severe subcutaneous hemorrhages at the injection site. In the non fatal cases the blood was reabsorbed in a few days without leaving sequelae; exception was the reaction to the venom of Bothrops jararacussu, which caused edema in the experimental sheep, and severe tumefaction resulting in fistulous elimination of serous liquid in the experimental horses. The aim of this study was to contribute for the diagnostic of snakebite accidents in livestock.