Navegando por Assunto "Cunaniol"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Bioactivity of aqueous extracts of Clibadium sylvestre (Aubl.) Baill. and Derris amazonica Killip on the aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer, 1776) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
(2011-12) FILGUEIRAS, Camila Cramer; FARIAS, Paulo Roberto Silva; CARDOSO, Maria das Graças; VENDRAMIM, José Djair; RAMOS, Edson Marcos Leal Soares; CANTÃO, Fernando Rodrigo de Oliveira
Studies with botanical insecticides have become more popular as an alternative to Integrated Pest Management. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of leaf and fruit aqueous extracts, from the species Clibadium sylvestre, and leaves and root of Derris amazonica species at concentrations of 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8%, in the control of the aphid Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Four experiments were conducted; two tests with choice preference and two tests with no choice preference, giving nine treatments and five repetitions. Phytochemical screening was carried out from the leaves and fruit of the species C. sylvestre and leaves and root of D. amazonica. Evaluations of mortality, number of nymphs, and deterrence index of the insects were conducted 24, 48 and 72 h after the application of the extracts. The aqueous extracts tested from C. sylvestre fruit concentrations had the highest mortality compared to the control; in the analysis of the number of the nymphs, the aqueous extract from fruit at 8% concentration had a higher efficiency than the other treatments. The D. amazonica leaves extract at 1% concentration showed the highest mortality and the lowest number of nymphs. The D. amazonica root extracts increased mortality at all concentrations tested, and the 8% concentration had the fewest nymphs. All treatments showed a deterrent effect. The 72 h period showed the greatest effect of the extracts, on two species of insects.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização comportamental e eletroencefalográfica das convulsões induzidas pelo cunaniol e acetato de cunaniol extraídos das folhas de Clibadium sylvestre, um modelo de convulsão generalizada experimental em ratos (Wistar)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-12-15) HAMOY, Moisés; NASCIMENTO, José Luiz Martins do; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7216249286784978
The Clibadium sylvestre is largely distribued in the Amazon region, where is know as cunambi or cunhambi, and its ingestion causes inebriation or even fish´s death, demonstrating ichthyotoxic property. The compounds existing in the leaf of Clibadium sylvestre are powerful of central nervous system stimulants, its leafs contain potential convulsivant substances. The electroencephalographic changes, seizure and drug effects on seizure behavior control were studied as well as metabolic pathway of compounds cunaniol acetate and cunaniol. The work was performed with adult male Wistar rats, treated with DE50 of 2,92 mg/kg or DL50 of 3,64 mg/kg of cunaniol, administration route used was intraperitoneal. After cunaniol administration, the seizure evolution was observed, it allows to classify them according to the presentation intensity relate to cunaniol plasma concentration. The eletroencefalografic parameters of the drugs action on the seizure control and the clinic characteristic were determined and evaluated. The plasma analysis obtained by liquid chromatography after the application of convulsivant substances indicates that the cunaniol acetate undergoes deacetylation giving rise to cunaniol, drug responsible for convulsive state. Data electrocorticography has been shown five different patterns of tracks during recording with 4 hours remaining changes outlined by 12 hours after application. Among the drugs used to prevent the onset of seizures, the most effective were diazepam, phenobarbital and ketamine. The convulsive behavior was classified into five stages. For the occurrence of stages 4 and 5 there was no statistical differences regarding plasma cunaniol.