Navegando por Assunto "Democracy"

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Comunicação, neoconservadorismo e reconhecimento: tensões, contradições e disputas acerca das noções de família no Brasil em ambientes de visibilidade ampliada
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-29) SEREJO, Elias Santos; LAGE, Danila Gentil Rodriguez Cal; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4593992869253877; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-8368
The democratic crises and political ruptures marked by the 2016 coup, which polarized the public debate in Brazil, showed us that the notions of family have guided contemporary discussions, especially when tensioned from the advances in the struggles for recognition taken up by the LGBTQIA+ populations and of women, through the feminist gender debate. In different spaces, we were able to witness the mobilization of the concept of traditional, or nuclear, family, as a resource for coping with social changes arising from the visibility of other relationships and ways of being and living. At the same time, we also see in debate arenas the assertion that, as a historical-social construct, the family entity is mutable and diverse. In this context, we ask ourselves: what arguments are put forward in the public sphere to defend one or another way of dealing with the issue? And how do the media act in this context? These questions instigated this research. Our general objective in this work is to understand how the notions of family guide the contemporary political debate from the tensions arising from the action of social movements and the meanings produced about the family category in the media. Specifically, we want to a) Identify which senses/notions and arguments about family emerge in different communicational contexts; b) Identify which contemporary landmarks are decisive for the debate on families in the political agenda; c) Understand what notion of politics or democracy underlies discourses about families and what elements/characteristics/aspects of the family entity are in dispute; f) Understand how social movements from different political spectrums (conservatives and progressives) build their political agendas around the family category. For this, we focus on a theoretical framework to understand the elements that led to the rise of the extreme right in western democracies, the convenient partnership between neoconservatives and fundamentalist Christians, especially evangelicals, and the strength of neoliberalism operating as rationality in social relations. In addition, we seek to understand the role of the media in inserting themes for discussion in the public sphere and how social movements appropriate environments of increased visibility to reverberate their agendas. The corpus of analysis consists of texts published on the news portals O Globo and Estadão; and the content of progressive (ABRAFH and Aliança LGBTI+) and conservative (Instituto Plínio Corrêa Oliveira and Movimento de Defesa da Família) sites. To answer our questions, we developed a Content Analysis with technological support from the Iramuteq software, which helped us to systematize the data. For each dimension, we established categories based on the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) derived from the Reinert Method, produced by the software. The categorization allowed us to understand the available arguments about families that deal with the defense of a rigid structure, which contributes to the maintenance of traditionality and an expanded notion of family.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Cultura política na gestão do SUAS: um estudo em municípios de pequeno porte do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017) MARTINS JUNIOR, Severino da Silva; PONTES, Reinaldo Nobre; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8577276734482884
This dissertation work has as its title: Political Culture in the Management of SUAS: a study in small municipalities of Pará is a qualitative research, where the methodological procedures used were: bibliographical and documentary research, interviews focus groups, semi-structured interview, participant observation and content analysis. The empirical universe of this research, through the direct contact with four segments of subjects in the context of SUAS distinctly identified, are: Managers; Counselors; Technicians and Users of the Social Assistance Policy of the municipalities of Salinópolis - PA and Inhangapi - PA, both municipalities chosen to be part of the Regional Survey EVALUATING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SINGLE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN THE NORTH AND NORTHEAST REGION: SUAS meaning for coping with poverty in the poorest regions of Brazil, which is part of the National Survey EVALUATING STUDY OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SINGLE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL ASSISTANCE IN BRAZIL, through this study, we seek to understand the Political Culture implicit in the management process in small municipalities and how, after nearly two decades of implementation of SUAS, understandings, attitudes, and practices in the operationalization of social assistance policy still reflect non-democratic principles of a non-citizen political culture. The reality of the research was to identify patterns of an undemocratic and non-citizen political culture, whose predominant brands are expressed through patronizing, paternalistic, assistentialist, subalternizing and poverty servility practices, which are observed with greater expressiveness, especially in the a municipality where the "first-damismo", occupying the management of SUAS, exercises domination and cooptation in a veiled way, validating the political order, and materializing non-politics, under the "pseudo" caricature of the state.
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Fotografia colorida em 5 x 7: aspectos sociais e identitários, formação cidadã e elementos da consciência histórica dos discentes ingressantes no ensino médio integrado do IFPA Campus Bragança
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-12-20) LOBATO, Fernando José Rodrigues; LIMA, Maria Roseane Corrêa Pinto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0040917069487308; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-0618
This work is part of the field of historical education insofar as it is concerned with the results obtained in the training process of young people and adolescents, especially in what is related to the preparation for the exercise of what we define as active citizenship. In it, we provide a brief history of the role of the formal school in the process of inclusion of new generations in the cultural environment of each period. Taking as a reference what was positive about education in the Federal Constitution of 1988 and in Law 9,394/1996 (Law of Guidelines and Bases of National Education), we elaborated and carried out a qualitative research with students entering the integrated high school courses of the IFPA Campus Bragança in order to observe and analyze their citizenship formation. In addition to this citizenship education, we also seek to observe and analyze some elements present in the historical awareness of these students, given the intention to develop methodologies in order to make historical learning more meaningful and capable of providing temporal guidance for students.
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Participação social junto ao orçamento público municipal: os casos de Capanema, Cametá e Marabá no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-03-25) RODRIGUES, Luis Carlos Freitas; CASTRO, Fábio Fonseca de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5700042332015787
Social participation in Brazilian democracy was greatly boosted by the promulgation of the 1988 Constitution. Organized civil society gained momentum with the implementation of a new legal system that introduced popular participation on various topics, especially those that were referred to control as national and subnational public policies. Health, education, environment and public budget were some of the areas covered with items that standardized social participation definitively, in an attempt to bring the population closer to government planning and actions that directly affect the lives of all citizens. However, legal and normative support does not mean changing the profile of centuries of delays and setbacks that have always marked social participation in public policies in the country. Patrimonialism, slavery, successive dictatorships, submission and dependence of the poorest to the excesses of local governments, are still profound marks when it comes to expanded popular participation, as is the case of the Municipal Public Budget, where effective participation social is very far from a plausible reality, available executable or even close to the population, despite being one of the most important public policies at the municipal level, the target of this research. The theories that supported this research lead us to the concept of Deliberative Democracy and the formation of a Public Sphere by Jürgen Habermas, and the Social Construction of a Subcitizenship in Brazil by Jessé Souza, together with social participation in the Municipal Public Budget of Cametá, Capanema and Marabá in the State of Pará, more specifically analyzing an interaction between representatives of organized civil society in municipalities, Unions, Councils, etc., and as Municipal Secretaries of Administration or Planning, responsible for preparing the budget, organizing and carrying out Public Hearings for the debate of the Budget Guidelines Law (LDO) with local population, according to the Municipal Council of Councils that approve and supervise the budget of the municipalities and the Controllerships of the Court of Accounts of the Municipalities of Pará (TCM-PA), which oversee and budget execution of the municipalities from Pará. The main objective was to analyze how social participation happened with the municipal budget of Cametá, Capanema and Marabá in 2020, taking into account the role of the State, represented by the municipal executive and legislative power, and representatives of civil society, in the attempt to understand the apparent process of submission and apathy of the local citizen when preparing and approving the public budget by the municipal government. To carry out the research, the following methodological procedures were used: a) theoretical and conceptual bibliographic review of the theme; b) Analysis of the Pluriannual Plan, the Budget Guidelines Law and the Annual Budget Law of the surveyed municipalities; c) conducting individual interviews recorded with semi-structured questions with representatives of organized civil society, secretaries and municipal technicians, councilors of the budget and finance commissions of the surveyed municipalities, coordinators and technicians of the TCM-PA Controllerships responsible for the surveyed municipalities; d) Data analysis and systematization. The result explains the distancing of representatives from civil society from the public budget approved for 2020, the non-compliance with the legal rules for effective participation by city halls with the collusion of city councils and the neglect of TCM-PA regarding compliance with the rules constitutionally provided for the item Social Participation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Política educacional na cidade: limites e perspectivas na implementação do plano municipal de educação em Igarapé-Miri
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2022-10-11) GONÇALVES, Alessandra Quaresma; SOUZA, Alexandre Augusto Cals e; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2652815221358066; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1424-5055
We place this study in the subgroup of educational policies that bears the title Educational policy in the city: limits and perspectives in the implementation of the Municipal Education Plan in Igarapé-Miri/Pará. The focus issue was how the Municipal Education Plan (PME) contributes to the democratic management of public education in the city of Igarapé-Miri/Pará? The objectives that led the study were: to investigate the theoretical framework about democratic educational management as a public policy represented by the PME, to describe the democratic management of education, through the implementation of the PME in the city of Igarapé-Miri/Pará and to verify whether the PME contributed to the democratization of educational management in the city of Igarapé-Miri/Pará. The main references that supported this production were classic authors, such as contractarians, and modern authors such as: Becher; Raveloson (2011), Bordenave (1994), Dourado (2001,2018), Lück (2009,2011), Muller; Surel (2002), Paro (1998,1999, 2007,2011), Saviani (2014), institutional publications and legislation. The adopted methodology was bibliographical, documental and the case study essay. Data analysis showed that the goals of the PME, such as the democratic management of public education, were not implemented, since the municipal public power of Igarapé-Miri did not offer the adequate infrastructure, such as the creation of collegiate bodies or the financial allocation for this, thus the main contribution of the PME is its legal existence, which brings in itself the perspective for its future realization.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Relações Estado-Sociedade e ações de governabilidade, governança e accountability como desafios contemporâneos à democracia no Brasil
(União Atlântica de Pesquisadores, 2022-04) CARVALHO, André Cutrim; COSTA, Guilherme da Rocha Bezerra; CARVALHO, David Ferreira
The main objective of this article isto discuss the State-Society relationship and governability, governance and accountability actions as contemporary challenges to Brazilian democracy. To achieve this objective, the article usedexploratory-qualitative research methodology. The main conclusion is that creating, disseminating and implementing improvements in the effectiveness of governability, governance and accountability strategies are essential for the maintenance of democracy and the strengthening developmentin Brazil. This is because the consolidation of democracy that achieves governability in Brazil must be thought of in direct connection with a true national project of development and reduction of socioeconomic inequalities. In fact, the democratic consolidation that achieves good governance and governance in Brazil, without deviations from planning or ideological rhetoric, permeates the need to improve its accountability. It is, therefore, a slow and gradual advance towards a more evolved society that is “aware” of what is important to improve democratically as a nation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A trajetória de Izabel Marques Tavares da Cunha: dos rios da Amazônia aos porões da ditadura Militar no Brasil e o desejo de transformar o mundo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08-19) MIRANDA, Rosinda da Silva; FONTES, Edilza Joana Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9447513031256372
This doctoral thesis explores the remarkable political trajectory of Iza Cunha, a pivotal figure in the resistance against the Military Dictatorship in Brazil and a staunch advocate for human rights, particularly focusing on women and gender issues in the Amazon region. The Military Dictatorship, spanning from 1964 to 1985, marked a dark period in Brazilian history characterized by political repression, censorship, and human rights violations. Iza Cunha emerged as a courageous voice opposing this authoritarian regime, mobilizing for democracy, social justice, and gender equality. This thesis examines key moments in Iza Cunha's political journey, from her involvement in student movements during the dictatorship's oppressive years to her leadership role in post-dictatorship popular movements in the Amazon. Through an in-depth analysis of her speeches, writings, and political actions, it seeks to understand how Iza Cunha articulated her resistance against the dictatorship with her advocacy for women's rights and gender equality in the Amazon. Furthermore, the thesis investigates specific challenges faced by women in the Amazon region, including gender-based violence, economic exploitation, and political marginalization. Emphasizing Iza Cunha's role in promoting women's political participation, combating gender discrimination, and ensuring rights, emancipation, and access to basic services such as health and education, this work also evaluates her legacy and relevance to contemporary debates on democracy, human rights, women, and gender in the Amazon. By acknowledging her historical contributions and ongoing struggle, it aims to inspire new generations to emulate her example of resilience and commitment to social justice and gender equality within and beyond the Amazon region.