Navegando por Assunto "Dendeicultura"

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Ação coletiva sob influência da dendeicultura: um estudo de caso sobre a Central das Organizações Sociais entre os rios Guamá e Capim (CONSERGC)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019) BALIEIRO, Marciclei Lopes; SCHMITZ, Heribert
I analyze the experience of formal organization of family farmers integrated with oil palm in the Central of Social Organizations between the Guamá and Capim Rivers (CONSERGC). The central category of research is collective action in rural areas. I use Mancur Olson's theory of economics and the contributions of the French school of sociology of organizations to understand how cooperation is being built from the actions of the actors involved. The participation and management categories also stand out during the project, which is why I highlight the process of building self-management. Data were collected between June 2017 and February 2019, using a script, the methodology was based mainly on open interviews with the application of a semi-structured questionnaire and direct observation. I also conducted a literature review on the theme addressed in this work and did a documentary research with relevant data on the object of study. I present the context in which CONSERGC was proposed and created. I identify and characterize how the mobilization of farmers and leaders took place based on the performance of organizations such as the local STTRs, FETAGRI and, above all, the ADM company for integration in the oil palm project and for the organization as an association. Despite the difficulties that accompany the trajectory of the formal organization in the Northeast of Pará (credit, technical assistance, income, management, among others), the initiative is seen by most farmers as an opportunity. The possibility of organizing production, accessing some financing or project and improving family income were pointed out by the interviewees as important factors for engaging in associations. The organization presents difficulties that were identified in the research, among them: the lack of resources to develop its economic, social and logistical activities to gather members. However, the data showed that for the short time that CONSERGC has existed, the organization's associative proposal is in promising development. This finding makes reference: the performance of its board and its leaders, who have found solutions to the recurring difficulties; the trust of associates in their managers and the good level of participation of associates in meetings and meetings that, even by representation, assume an important role in the organization's operating strategies. The participation and construction of the action based on game of interests, they were negotiated within the organization and have been important for the continuity of the collective action analyzed here. Among the results of the research clipping, it is concluded that the interest of Integrated Associations in affiliating with a Central of Associations is related, in principle, to the mobilization and incentive given by ADM company for the creation of organizations. Subsequently, CONSERGC was seen by the associates as a facilitator of the dialogue with the company and, among the advantages, a means to obtain improvements in the integration contract. Empirical data revealed that few farmers read the contract in its entirety and, through CONSERGC's performance, they are being able to review some contractual clauses of paramount importance to their interests within the palm project such as in relation to price and price. weight of the product, these being the items most cited by the integrated. Despite being a specific case study, this work can c
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Agroestratégias e monocultivos de dendê: a transferência silenciosa das terras da reforma agrária para o grande capital na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-10-27) SILVA, Elielson Pereira da; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863; SANTOS, Sônia Maria Simões Barbosa Magalhães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2136454393021407
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Agronegócio do dendê: evolução no Estado do Pará, no Brasil e no Peru
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-12-03) VÁSQUEZ, Jorge Arturo Mori; ALMEIDA, Oriana Trindade de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0325909843645279
Oil palm monoculture is increasing in the world and in the entire Amazonian watershed. It is therefore necessary to have a scientific insight on the applied public policies of this sector, it is also important to assess the influence of technological changes in order to enhance positive impacts and to neutralize or mitigate negative impacts. It was used an evolutionary approach to determine the influence of; public policy of tax exemptions and credits (which allowed a strong initial capitalization of companies in the sector), the creation or adaptation of state organizations (to promote the development of plantations), as well as the technological development of breeding, pest management (to increase the production), harvest of fresh fruit branches (to reduce cost and increase production) and the treatment process of extraction palm oil waste (to allow the environmental license) in the development of oil palm agribusiness in the Brazilian state of Para and Peru. A survey was conducted to get some information from the current local farmers and it was also done a historical study on the public policy of tax exemptions, credits and the creation of state institutions or the changes that they experienced, such as the technological changes in this agribusiness. The similar issues found in Para and Peru were: (i) the states with public funds, are those who created this monoculture, (ii) they created organizations/institutions and legal regulations to promote its development; and (iii) at the beginning, tax releases were established to favor only large companies but in recent years these policies allowed direct access to credits to microproducers, it has increased the social base defense of this crop against to opponent ecologist groups. It was found a "predisposition" of the authorities to promote this monoculture and the acceptance of the local farmers due to the permanent "income." It suggested that better public policy in addition to better decisions of the public and private enterprises and the use of superior technology brought together higher production levels of palm oil fresh fruit in Para and Peru, and the increase of planting areas in the last years. Moreover the palm oil waste treatment in both countries is considered as an extra cost and it is only done by big enterprises. It was concluded that the state play the role of player-mediator, which main role was the promotion and development of this monoculture, likewise, the technological development facilitated to the increase of production levels, it supports even more to the promotion of palm oil monoculture in both states.
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Conflitos socioambientais, capital e dendeicultura: as estratégias das empresas de dendê e suas contradições na Amazônia paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-01) SANTOS, Amanda Rayana da Silva; LOPES, Luís Otávio do Canto; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1013147545099173; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863
The Amazon region over the years, has gone through several transformations in its political structures, social and economic characteristics that are expressed so provocative and confrontational. The expansion of dendeicultura in the Amazon region of Pará, exemplifies this type of relationship conflict and asymmetric powers, caused by the disparity of interests among social actors. The research aims to analyze the role of the main companies producing palm oil about the environmental conflicts in the region of northeastern Pará. In this way, it was necessary to present the environmental conflict initiated due to the high concentration of palm and finally, build an analysis of the positioning of the main social actors involved, as well as their respective foreign powers, emphasizing the ventures of palm oil. In order to meet the aims of the research, we opted for the use of the approach of the political economy of the Environment, with the use of the macro-analysis. We used a set of research tools as documentary analysis with official information and application of non-structured interview with family farmers and their representatives (unions) to identify the issues that fomentava the socioenvironmental conflict in the municipalities and the technicians and leaders of three major oil palm companies which operate in northeastern Pará, to know the actions that the enhanced use to resolve these conflicts. Issues were identified as the process of formalizing the work, monitoring of child labor, provision of accounts, absence of technical assistance, failure in the delivery of the fertilizer, transportation at the point of collection, payment of the bunch of fresh fruit, use of pesticides and invasion of Earth, which relate to the conflict. The social actors involved are the oil palm companies, financing bank and family farmer, maintaining respect of asymmetry of power. Thus, this study showed that the companies of palm oil, owner of high economic power and symbolic, assumes the role of dominating the conflict. On the other hand, in spite of this, the oil palm companies seek strategies to mediate in the conflict, moved by economic interests and/or manifestation of family farmers. In this sense, the apparent environmental conflict carries great importance in changes in the way businesses manage the environmental conflict.
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“ Um conhecido estranho ”: transformações no lugar de morada e nas relações de sociabilidade sob influência da dendeicultura na vila Forquilha, Tomé-Açu/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-10-30) COSTA, Raquel de Jesus; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611
This dissertation deals with the themes of changes in the place of home and sociability between old and new residents, the latter attracted by the possibility of working in oil palm. Thus, the general objective is to analyze the transformations in the place of residence and the sociability relations under the condition of the influx of new residents to work as salaried workers in the oil palm industry in the village Forquilha in Tomé-Açu / PA. It is a case study, using quantitative and qualitative approaches with literature review and secondary data collection. Semi-structured and non-directive interviews were conducted with residents of vila Forquilha, 46 with people who have lived longer (“those from here”) and 51 who recently arrived motivated by wages (“from outside”). Observations were made in the field about people and the place, considering what happened related to the way of living, the sociability relations, the physical structures and the meanings of the place of residence. The main conclusions show that the changes were not only in the structure of the village, but also in the working relationships and sociability between the different groups. There was an expansion in the village area, an increase in population and changes in infrastructure and social organization. The interactions also changed due to the arrival of people to work, mostly young men who migrated more than once in search of wages. As a result, there are three types of social interaction: between residents “from here”; between “outside” residents and; between both residents. It is noticeable an interaction with greater fluidity in the coexistence between the same type of resident, however, between one type and the other it is superficial and sociability becomes more difficult due to differences.
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Dendê é Reflorestamento? Percepção de diferentes atores envolvidos na agroindústria do dendê no Nordeste Paraense
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-11-20) TAVARES, Paula Izadora do Egyto; MOTA, Dalva Maria da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4129724001987611
This master’s thesis analyzes how family farmers integrated into the oil palm agro-industry perceive reforestation processes. This theme came about through the suggestion that the implementation of the national program for the production and use of biodiesel (pnpb) for agrofuel production in brazil would bring forth environmental benefits. The program was the main driver of oil palm expansion in the amazonian state of pará. Among its guidelines, it is stated that the oil palm cultivation is sustainable and a possible means of recuperating degraded areas through reforestation. Research for this study included the collection of secondary and primary data in the municipality of irituia, located in the northeastern region of pará. It also included data collection on the history of reforestation in brazil. Environmental laws and scientific papers were reviewed to analyze under which circumstances reforestation is recommended and implemented, and the concepts and definitions employed in these discussions. Results are presented in two articles. The first analyzes the arrival of oil palm cultivation in irituia and local actors’ initial reactions, describing their motivations for adopting or rejecting this activity. The second reveals actors’ perceptions surrounding notions of reforestation according to different world views. The study concludes that oil palm cultivation in irituia was received with divergent attitudes that persist until today between those who defend the activity and those who oppose it. Some view it as a way to earn income and improve their quality of life, while others, who oppose the activity, believe that the activity is not fitting to the local reality. Regarding reforestation, interested groups worked to legalize oil palm cultivation to fit into this category. Farmers who compare current oil palm areas with the previous land-use types (pastures or young fallows) believe that it is pertinent to claim that oil palm fulfils the role of reforestation, since oil palm plantations provide benefits, such as shade, improving the micro-climate and hosting animals, even if they are limited to rodents, snakes and spiders.
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A dendeicultura em Igarapé-Açu/Pará: um olhar sobre as relações de trabalho que tipificam o trabalhador rural na Agroindustrial Palmasa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-02-29) CARDOSO, Marlon Kauã Silva; RIBEIRO, Tânia Guimarães; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1193175057010343; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3659
The objective of this research was to analyze the work relationships that characterize rural workers in the palm oil agroindustry in Igarapé-Açu, notably analyzing Agroindustrial Palmasa. The palm oil agroindustry, at a macropolitical level, was territorialized in the northeast of Pará through state developmental actions in civil-military governments in the 1960s, planned by the Superintendence for Economic Valorization of the Amazon (SPVEA) and the Superintendency for the Development of the Amazon (SUDAM), and, it has a new impulse with the neo-developmentalism of the 2000s, associated with sustainable development, through the National Biodiesel Production Program (PNPB) and the Sustainable Palm Oil Program (PSOP). These led to integration projects, to obtain the Social Fuel Seal (SCS), between palm oil producers and family farmers in municipalities in the northeast of Pará. Through qualitative methodology, combining interview, bibliographic and quantitative data, we verified that the most recent public policies did not cover the economic activities of Agroindustrial Palmasa, in Igarapé-Açu. In the region, contracts predominate, but only for purchase and sale, an associative relationship, between medium/large rural palm oil producers and the company itself. In this way, direct relations between classes gravitate between medium/large farmers and farm workers responsible for working on the farms.
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Dinâmicas territoriais, dendeicultura e produção de culturas alimentares: o caso do município de Moju, PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-09-25) SANTOS, Cleison Bastos dos; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
We have exposed in this work the doctorate thesis titled: LAND USE, OIL PALM FARMING AND PRODUCTION OF FOOD CROPS: An Analysis of Family Farmers Integrated with the Company Agropalma, in the municipality of Moju, PA, Brazil. We defend in the thesis that oil palm farming reduces food production in the locations where it is implemented. Our hypothesis is that this reduction occurs because the implementation of family agriculture projects with oil palm cultivation requires two essential resources: labor and land. In the specific case of pilot projects I (2002) and III (2005), integrated with the company Agropalma, the occupation of the area was different compared with the occupation of the area of project IV (2006). We aimed to analyze the impacts of oil palm farming expansion on food production by the family groups integrated with the productive chain of oil palm in the municipality of Moju. We wished, in this study, just as Nahum and Santos (2015), to geographically interpret the oil palm farming dynamics in the municipality of Moju starting at the category of used land (Santos; Silveira, 2001). We used, in this study, two methodologically complementary procedures: The analytical methodology based on the periodization and event concepts by Santos (2006) and Santos and Silveira (2001), which allowed us to think of a previous time (T1), the arrival of events (projects), and a period of time after the implementation of the projects (T2); and the operational methodology composed of literature review, cartographic surveys, structured and semi-structured interviews, and field work. The thesis is structured in three parts: In the first chapter, we analyze the land use by small family farmers prior to the arrival of family projects with oil palm crops. We used the peasant farm category by Woortmann (1983) to empirically show those dynamics. In those properties, land uses were subjected to different forms of work, solidarity bonds, and production systems. Their productions aimed at both consumption (use) and sale (exchange). In the second chapter, we show the events that shaped the family agriculture projects with oil palm farming in the Alto Moju and PA 150 regions, in the municipality of Moju. We analyzed, above all, the events that enabled the emergence of projects I (Arauaí I) and project II (Arauaí II), part of the Association of Community Development of the Arauaí Sector (Associação do Desenvolvimento Comunitário do Ramal do Arauaí - ASDECRA). In the third chapter, we analyze the transformations the process of integrating family projects to oil palm farming brought to land use, to the subjects, and to the production of food crops that fed the households and myriad remote homes.
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A formação de novas territorialidades: a “revisão” dos limites municipais fomentada pela dendeicultura e ações públicas: um estudo nos limites territoriais de Moju, Acará e Tailândia/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-08-14) ROCHA, José Ferreira da; MORAES, Sérgio Cardoso de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4568311568729454; ROCHA, Gilberto de Miranda; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2436176783315749
The territorial reorganization from demographics aspects is the focus of this research, which has as reference the Para Northeast region, particularly a neighboring region of Moju, Acará and Tailândia municipalities. In this locality predominates the oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) monoculture, an element that sets a factor of attraction for migrants. These migrants, in the large majority, are linked to the major project activity, and concomitant with it, dispute the space and resources existing in it. This power struggle is a factor that induces the creation of new administrative units in the country, a situation that occurs since the 1940s, in the last century. Over the years, the state of Pará underwent a profound reconfiguration of its territory. It jumped from 53 to 144 municipalities. The research investigates the spatial reorganization processes of this population, fostered by the oil palm culture in the Lower Tocantins Region in the northeast of Pará and its effects on the boundaries review of the Moju, Acará and Thailand municipalities. For that, it was made a review of the debate of territory category, a review of legislative aspects and a characterization of the area and population dynamics.
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Geração de energia elétrica a partir dos resíduos do processo de beneficiamento do óleo de palma: uma abordagem sustentável para a recuperação de áreas degradadas no Estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-01-16) KÜHL, Ricardo Marino; ROCHA, Brigida Ramati Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9943372249006341
The deforestation, mainly verified in the Amazon region, has declined, but deforested areas, due to anthropic actions such as agriculture, or pastures opening, are still a hindrance, since the resilience process requires time to act. In this bias, the Agroecological Zoning, Production and Management of Oil Palm Culture in Amazon (ZAE-Dendê), evaluated the degraded areas in the Legal Amazon, aiming the palm plantation to recover them, based on the best practices. The present work goes beyond, evaluating the implantation of palm oil as a way of recovering degraded areas in Pará; the power generation from palm oil processing residues; as well as analyzing carbon dioxide reducing potential. The methodology used, covered the selection of degraded areas in Pará as the study area. Based on theoretical references some data were consolidate: the production of fresh fruits bunches (FFB) per hectare, the amount of waste per tonne of FFB, power generated from the residues and CO2 value fixation and emission. The results related to the CO2 emissions and fixation showed that the palm oil culture has the potential to reduce a range from 180 to 500 million tons of CO2eq., in addition to avoiding emission of 550 to 2,204 million tons of CO2eq., in a production cycle (25 years). The power generation potential verified from the anaerobic digestion of the liquid effluent range from 212 to 531 TWh during a palm oil production cycle. These data attests palm oil residues to become an alternative energy resource, as well as an alternative to degraded areas recovery. Therefore, this work is a subsidy for an Integrated Resource Planning elaboration.
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Indigenas, quilombolas e dendeicultura na Amazônia: expropriações e relações de poder no Alto do Vale do rio Acará no município de Acará/PA (1980-2021)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-09-26) SAAVEDRA, Maria da Paz Corrêa; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146; PETIT, Pere; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8376409779394321; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-3073
In the Amazon, in the rural area of the Pará, territories are appropriated for the interests of big capital without identification with the surroundings in which they are established, configuring the growth of territorial insecurity due to large enterprises, culminating in enclosures, the core of the expropriation of traditional communities, making explicit challenges to the institutionalization of ethnic recognition contemplated in normative instruments and, contributing to the permanence of the historical process of invisibilization of populations that claim territorial rights. In this work, using oral memory as the main element of the methodology, the aim is to seek, present and endorse the daily struggles, fields of action, resistance and experiences as well as the political struggle that currently self-identified quilombola and indigenous families experience when narrate the usurpation of their territories and the conflict situations triggered by the oil palm farming activities of the company Agropalma S. A., in the Vale do Alto Rio Acará, in the municipality of Acará/PA. Historical evidence and narratives built around ethnic belonging indicate the constitution of specific territorialities, indicators of a collective existence. Oral records use memory to detail facts that imprint material and symbolic forms on the territory, tracing a close relationship between memory, territory and identity, since strong images of places are recorded in these. Even though they present themselves in the present, all these questions are deeply historical and aim to contribute to the studies of regional historiography, in particular, studies on original peoples in the state of Pará.
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As influências socioeconômicas e ambientais da cadeia produtiva do dendê no desenvolvimento local do baixo Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-04-08) FERREIRA, Vanilda Araújo; SANTANA, Antônio Cordeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2532279040491194
This paper investigates the social, economic and environmental influences of the "palm oil agrobusiness" in the dynamics of the local development of “Baixo Tocantins”. According to the strategic nature of the research, the method used was the quali-quantitative type, from the perception of integrated local agents of the chain production. We conducted interviews and collected secondary data in order to identify, analyze and interpret the factors of socioeconomic and environmental impacts and externalities which are configuring people’s quality of life.The results showed that the introduction of the chain production of palm oil in “Baixo Tocantins”, with monoculture features, is producing a wave of negative socioeconomic and environmental effects in the form of vertical integration of production. The family rural worker has become a kind of “employee outsourced “of the company, through a contractual relationship in which the absence of participatory decision-making mechanisms shows that the power structure and the forces that determine the governance of the chain production of palm oil are controlled in a unilateral way by Agropalma. This process is supported by the weakness of the social organization of these workers in the surveyed communities, reflecting the low level of awareness among farmers about the importance of social organization as a tool for empowering these social subjects. This environment neither allows local communities to accumulate enough capital, nor enjoys good quality of life, with a guarantee of substantive freedoms and appropriate environmental conditions that can induce endogenously, a dynamic path of local development. It is expected through this search a contribution to deepen the discussion about the implementation of public policies in rural areas, particularly those related to the expansion of palm oil culture as one of the possibilities to recover deforested areas and promote regional development, based on integration between agribusiness and small family rural worker in Para state.
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“Mesmo com essas coisas ruins que o dendê trouxe, eu não saio daqui”: resistência a agroindústria do dendê na comunidade do Castanhalzinho em Concórdia do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-31) RIBEIRO, Lissandra Cordeiro; SCHMITZ, Heribert; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2294519993210835
Palm oil production on the world stage has gained momentum in the last decades, in the main palm oil producing countries of Indonesia and Thailand the production of raw material for agrofuels has not been accompanied by a strict environmental policy, triggering conflicts with local communities and drawing the attention of ONGs and movements linked to the defense of the environment. In 2010, the National Biodiesel Production Program (PNPB) created by the Federal Government was launched in Brazil as a way to promote the production of alternative fuels to oil from palm oil, providing for the creation of salaried employment and the inclusion of agriculture through production contracts (BRASIL, 2010). The development of palm oil agroindustries, such as the company BIOPALMA S / A, which in its area of coverage has acquired large tracts of land around the Castanhalzinho Community, provoked changes in the living conditions of the residents due to the opening and extensions within the community and by the effects of the chemicals used in planting maintenance. The objective of this dissertation is to analyze the forms of resistance to the oil industry in the Castanhalzinho Community, located in the municipality of Concórdia do Pará. Scott's concept of daily resistance (2013) and theoretical foundations of Collective Action are used as the theoretical focus of this study because it helps us understand forms of resistance produced both in the daily life by the residents, as well as by the local quilombola associations. The study was constructed through case study and qualitative research, using participant observation, open and semi-structured interviews with community residents and with quilombola leaderships from associations and entities such as Malungu and Cedenpa. The results of the research pointed to forms of resistance by quilombola associations and daily resistance by community dwellers as a denial of the sale of land for monoculture, wages, the effects of palm oil cultivation in the quilombola community and resistance to the access to the environment by the opponent's devaluation. Elements of the social organization of the community such as kinship, religiosity and reciprocity guarantee solid social relations among the inhabitants and of them with the territory guaranteeing greater possibility of resistance in the place.
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As metamorfoses do trabalho e no espaço a partir da dendeicultura em Tomé-Açu (Pa): estudo de caso na Vila Forquilha
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-05-10) CARVALHO, Ana Cláudia Alves de; NAHUM, João Santos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9009465125001273
This study aimed to analyze the metamorphoses in Tomé-Açu space, using the Forquilha village as a case study, from the introduction of oil palm culture in the region. We seek to emphasize the metamorphoses in place focusing on the reinterpretation of the work as a link between man and nature, to observe the changes in its general context in Forquilha Village, we understand that there is a change at work, there are changes in the relationship between man and nature. To better understand the spatial configuration and the social dynamics of the village it is necessary to understand the nature of the work before the arrival of companies; thus, it is characterized at first the geographical situation that was established prior to installation of Biopalma and Galp, focusing on the relations of peasant production, where instead predominated work as a means to obtain money for the purchase of other commodities necessary for its existence. The following are the public policies and programs that made possible the installation of companies and ultimately characterize the new geographical situation, highlighting how labor relations metamorphose in Forquilha village, from the arrival of palm culture in Tomé-Açu, and how it echoes in the other dimensions of everyday life of the villagers. The results reveal new ways of working, the presence of wage labor, the expansion of the trade sector and services founding new employment opportunities and a decrease in peasant productive labor which makes a peasant in a rural wage. The existing system of partnership between the company and the family farmer observed in the commercial capital circuit; and financial capital by establishing the presence of the lease, land sale the palm culture companies, ensure the village Forquilha a new social dynamic.
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Metodologia de análise de risco de investimento em projetos de eficiência energética com aplicação no aproveitamento da biomassa residual do dendê na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-02-10) OLIVEIRA, Rosana Cavalcante de; TOSTES, Maria Emília de Lima; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4197618044519148
The promotion of renewable energies in search of strategies to mitigate climate change is a major global challenge, especially for developing countries like Brazil looking to diversify its energy mix from renewable sources, but has an investment cost constraints. In this context, we need tools that measure the risks of investing in alternative energy sources projects. This work contributes to the sustainable development of the Amazon through the development of a risk analysis methodology of investment in energy efficiency projects applied the use of biomass from palm oil. The increasing production of palm oil in the Amazon region to generate food and biodiesel is generating a large volume of biomass. It was found that the use of the residue of the oil palm biomass for power generation and trading in the market increases its economic value, for both identified the criteria and indicators (C & I) of sustainable palm oil chain grouping them into: economic , environmental, social and technical. Qualifying and quantifying the risks affecting the identified indicators. This procedure was analyzed in three future scenarios for economic growth in Brazil that were built in the scenarios marked present in the National Energy Plan 2030.
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Mulheres, trabalho e dendeicultura na amazônia: transformações e desafios em Tailândia – PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-04-12) PONTES, Lana Glayce Dias Ferreira; MANESCHY, Rosana Quaresma; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5914095913079907; FARIAS, André Luís Assunção de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5310171409459863
The present article aims to understand the transformations of female labour on the farms and how it is related with the local environment proposal which reinforce: how those transformations of female labour on the farms are processed considering the breakthrough made in Elaeis guineenses monoculture? This research is an integral part of the studies which has been realized by the research group named GAAGPAM/NUMA/FPA about this monoculture in Pará State. That thought seek to identify the female profile of the women who works on the network of palm oil and their education, relating these women to the rural association overall and their decision-making. Therefore, this discussion focuses on the theoretical, more specifically in three categories: Female Labour, Dendê monoculture and Local Development, by the approach of Vandana Shiva and Regina Célia di Ciommo, João Santos Nahum, Yayo Herrero, Rocha and Sobrinho, Farias to the respective categories. The research strict approach in terms of quantitative and qualitative evaluation case report exploratory. As research technique it was realized non directive interviews for data collection through relaxed dialogue and structured quiz. At this stage were indicated the difference between the phases of empirical work developed and its distinct activities in which phase. The thesis is structured in three chapters which are disposed: Chapter One – Historical Context of Female Labour and Dendê Monoculture in Amazônia; Chapter Two – Theoretical Reflections and Methodological Procedures of Political Economy of the Environment to the case report; and Chapter Three – Transformations of Female Labour in Dendê Monoculture: Contradictions between domination and freedom in Tailândia (PA). It was analyzed datas gathered in the study in order of discussions of political ecology and others theoretical references giving rise to female labour transformations in the farms when the Dendê monoculture has arrived in the location.
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Necrosaber e regimes de veridição: governamentalidade bioeconômica da plantation do dendê no Brasil e na Colômbia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2020-12-14) SILVA, Elielson Pereira da; PUERTA SILVA, Claudia; ACEVEDO MARIN, Rosa Elizabeth; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0087693866786684; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7509-3884
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Nosso canto é aqui! Quilombolas de Santa Maria do Traquateua frente a interesses do poder privado em Jambuaçu/Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-07-07) ALVES, Suely Rodrigues; CASTRO, Edna Maria Ramos de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4702941668727146
We approach, in this study, part of the history of a rural black community called Santa Maria of Traquateua, in the municipality of Moju, State of Pará, that by incorporating ethnic factors in the struggle for land, define themselves as remaining of quilombo. Having the Earth as a nucleating category, in which they practice the common use of the natural resources, we investigate the process of this community resistance against the conflicts with private power companies, especially monoculture form of palm oil and mining companies on its territory (which started since late of 70s). This study was developed, following the critical thinking, starting from the field theory of Pierre Bourdieu and dialoguing with the concepts of traditional peoples, peasants and development. The methodology included a literature review, documentary consultation and field study followed by interviews. The analysis led us to conclude that, in spite of facing the changes and intervention of economic agents on their territory and even in front of expropriation process of their social reproduction conditions (whether territorial, socio-economical or cultural), the community rebuilds strategies to ensure their permanence in the place of ancestral occupation. Thus, in this sense, the resistance as a way of life is peasant and quilombola.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O Programa de Produção Sustentável de Óleo de Palma (PSOP) e o campesinato amazônico: o caso do município do Acará/PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016-07-13) SILVA, Renata Novaes da; COSTA, Francisco de Assis; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1820238947667908
In the state of Pará, the palm culture has shown high annual growth rates from 1990 to 2012 the state has achieved an average annual production growth rate of 5%. This expansion of palm oil in the Amazon is due to the Federal Sustainable Production Program of Oil Palm (PSOP), created to foster and direct the production of palm oil in the region. Given the importance that the peasantry has and the expansion of palm oil in the region, aims to evaluate the impact that the PSOP is causing the Trajectory Camponesa.T1 the municipality of Acará and if, perchance, resulted in a change in the peculiar logic of productive local farmer. As a result the research concludes that there is evidence that the PSOP may impact the technological trajectory of Acará county T1, promoting a process of replacing the activities developed by the peasant. The lack of official data and studies related to the evaluation of PSOP impacts highlight the need for studies of this theme as a way to support the most appropriate public policy development to the Amazon region.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Resistência camponesa à agroindústria do dendê na comunidade Conceição do Guajará em Bujaru / PA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017-03-30) PONTES, Daniel Lucas Ribeiro; GUERRA, Gutemberg Armando Diniz; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4262726973211880
This paper has as a goal to analyze the peasant resistance tothe palm oil agroindustry existent in Conceição do Guajará community, in Bujarú county in Pará State. The resistance is stablished because of the introduction of the culture of palm oil as a way of monoculture and a big project to the Amazon from Pará, presenting, this way, environmental and social impacts that showed up in this place, such as deforestation and the visible decrease of farmable lands to peasantry. This essay was organized in an article format willing to focus on the different ways of analysis showed on the research, helping, this way, further publications. This research was based on a field study on the referred rural community, using observation, participant observation, qualitative research and also bibliographic research to the usage of the main data and information obtained by the field and relevant academic-scientific literature.