Navegando por Assunto "Desempenho psicomotor"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estimulação transcraniana por corrente contínua em esportes de combate: efeito sobre o desempenho físico e cognitivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11) LOBÃO, Thais Alves; GOMES, Bruno Duarte; http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932238030330851; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274
Transcranial direct current electrical stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique used to promote improvement in clinical symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases. There is evidence that tDCS could modulate the psychomotor abilities of athletes, which are important for the performance of these athletes. Among the combat sports, judo and jiu-jitsu are two types that represent fights with specific physical and cognitive demands. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a single stimulation in the M1 region (primary motor), on cognitive (anxiety, reaction time) and physical (strength, muscle power, flexibility) parameters in federated male athletes of these modalities. For that, the fighters were submitted to two experimental sessions of tDCS (sham and stimulated, 2 mA for 20 minutes), in a cross-over scheme (ABA), composed by psychomotor evaluations using as measures the jump against movement (JAM), Wells bank, manual and scapular dynamometry, IDATE (state-trait anxiety index) and reaction time, through the TReaction software. There were no statistically significant differences between pre- and post-stimulation conditions (sham or anodic) and in the percentage of difference between the two pre- and post-test conditions. Our results indicate that there are no effects of tDCS in this region and in the values used on the measured parameters.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Semelhanças cognitivas inesperadas entre idosos e jovens: variabilidade e desempenho cognitivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-08) JARDIM, Naina Yuki Vieira; TORRES, Natáli Valim Oliver Bento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1927198788019996; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0978-211X; DINIZ, Cristovam Wanderley Picanço; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2014918752636286
Interindividual variability in cognitive performances has been investigated as they may provide important clues about the multivariate age-related cognitive decline. In the present work, we searched for cognitive variability, similarities, and differences between older and young people. For this, we used hierarchical cluster and canonical discriminant function analysis of cognitive scores using specific and sensitive tasks from the Cambridge Neuropsychology Test Automated Battery - CANTAB. Among 415 tested volunteers, three distinct cognitive groups were found, mainly based on working memory and episodic memory scores: group 1 (94% young adults) was composed almost exclusively of young adults, while groups 2 (82% older adults) and 3 (95% older adults) were composed predominantly of older adults. Although group 1was the youngest group with the highest level of education compared to the other groups, 18% of young people shared similar performances with older group 2 while 5% shared cognitive similarities with group 3. As compared to group 1, predominantly older groups 2 and 3 had equally lower scores in working memory, but as compared to group 3, group 2 showed greater performances in reaction time, sustained attention, and episodic memory. When the hierarchical cluster and discriminant function analyzes were limited to the same age group, we found 4 and 5 distinct clusters among young adults and older people respectively. Episodic memory, sustained attention, and reaction time most contributed to group formation in the older, while working memory and sustained attention contributed to cluster formation of young adults. Cognitive variability across subjects showed significant dispersion in rapid visual processing, spatial working memory, reaction time, and paired associated learning. The comparative analysis of these differences showed that they do not occur in the same direction and magnitude between individuals, cognitive domains, and tasks. We found that older adults with greater education and a more active lifestyle must have greater cognitive reserve and, therefore, deviated less from the reference group of young adults. Taken together, our data highlight the importance of studying variability as an instrument for the early detection of subtle cognitive declines and to interpret results that deviate from normality.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A tomada de decisões no judô: o que se diz e o que se faz? Relação entre tomada de decisões e perfil neurocognitivo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-03) RIVERA, Luis Felipe Sarmiento; GOUVEIA JUNIOR, Amauri; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1417327467050274; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-9662
There are two ways to think about how the decision process is done. The process can be automatic and having psychomotor characteristics, or mediated by linguistic process -in a deliberated way-. Moreover, martial arts bring an environment with high emotionality, where the anxiety is present. The objective of this study is to understand how the decision-making process, the anxiety and the impulsivity is presented in a combat physical activity, a Judo fight, that demands constant decisions and responses with limited time. To do this, there were to groups of participants (30 judo fighters and 15 non-fighters). One of the groups watch a video and anticipated the fighter’s movement with a questionary, and the other group was recorded in a judo fight. Both groups also performed an impulsivity test and an anxiety test. Each participant had more than 4,5 years of training and was an active competitor. There were found differences in the decisions made by the participants in the fight and the decisions that the participants told they would perform, specifically, when they were going to execute and action. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the anxiety levels of the group of fighters compared to controls, where the fighters had higher anxiety levels than controls. There were none significative differences in impulsivity between the groups. The results of the study shown how is cognition in Judo fighters, indicating where to focus the training and competition programs of the fighters.