Navegando por Assunto "Desenvolvimento motor"

Agora exibindo 1 - 2 de 2

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
A escola e o desenvolvimento motor em escolares
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-08-28) XAVIER, Carmen Tereza da Silva; MAGALHÃES, Celina Maria Colino de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1695449937472051
The objective of the present study was to investigate the level of motor performance in fundamental motor abilities and its relations with opportunities of motor experiences in and out of a school context, with boys and girls ranging from six years and six months to seven years and eleven months of age. The children were from two schools of he public educational network of the district of Icoaraci/PA. A sample of 39 children, 16 girls and 23 boys, participated in this study. The instrument used to asses motor development was the TGMD2 (Teste of Gross Motor Development). To evaluate school context, it was used video footage of recess situations and Physical Education classes; out of this context, a structured interview was done with the participants. For data analyses, Variance Analyses (ANOVA) and a continuity test (Tukey HSD Post HOC Test) were conducted in the mean chronological, locomotory and manipulative ages, the development quotient, the gross scores in locomotory and manipulative subtests; for gender and school analyses, Test t was applied in independent samples. To analyze the children’s preference verbalizations towards play activity, locale, partners and offers of recreational, sport or cultural activities, ANOVA was conducted. The results suggest that 51,8% present an average motor development, 2,6% are above average, 28,2% are below average, 12,8% are poor and 5,1% very poor. The analyses of motor behavior demonstrated highly heterogeneous results, evidenced by a high standard deviation, mainly on jump on one foot, lateral run, gallop (locomotory), and kick and hit (manipulative). However, when gender is taken to analyses, statistically significant differences were only observed in manipulative age, where results of the girls were better than the ones of the boys. When abilities are taken to analyses, significant differences were found in the abilities to kick and to throw, favoring the boys, and in jumping, favoring the girls. When schools are taken into analyses, significant differences passed in favor of school “A” and in hit in school “B” were observed. As for the opportunities to play outside of school, playing ball was the preferred play activity for children in both schools, the preferred locale is the backyard, and preferred partners are both friends and brothers. When gender is taken to analyses, girls prefer to play wth dolls, and boys to play ball. Both prefer the backyard and companies of friends together with brothers. The recess analyses pointed out the most frequent play activities in both schools are running, tag, figures exchange and talking. When gender is taken to analyses, no differences were found in play activities; however, there were differences in group formation. In school “A”, the groups were mostly just composed of boys, or just of gils. As for school “B”, they were mostly mixed. In regards to participation in recreational, sport or cultural activities, show that 100% of the sample don’t do these activities outside of school context. The analyses of Physical Education classes pointed to differences in structure and offer of material between schools, having the conditions in school “B” being superior to the ones in school “A”. However, in regards to the methodology used by the teachers, they are similar. The results demonstrate that the opportunities of motor experiences in the school context are fundamental for motor development in school children, for, in most cases, is the only opportunity to stimulate theses activities.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estado nutricional e desenvolvimento motor de crianças ribeirinhas expostas ao mercúrio no estado do Pará - Amazônia brasileira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014-11-26) LIMA, Antônio César Matias de; PINHEIRO, Maria da Conceição Nascimento; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6353829454533268
Several studies have shown that riverside children from Amazon are exposed to mercury at levels that can be harm to the development. Although, no previous study evaluated the consequences of exposure to the neurodevelopment of this population. The methods used did not take into account the different interfering factors in the child development. We aim to assess the children's motor development and its relation to mercury exposure, nutritional status and socioeconomic profile of the families of local children in two different geographic regions of Pará, Tapajós river basin (São Luiz do Tapajós and Barreiras communities) and Tocantins river basin (Furo do Maracujá community). The demographic and socioeconomic information of families were obtained through the ABEP socioeconomic questionnaire, 2012. For the analysis of anthropometric measurements the WHO AnthroPlus v 1.0.2 software was used (for children above 5 years). Hair sample were used to quantify the total Hg analysis by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. To analyze the children development was used the Test of Gross Motor Development - Second Edition (TGMD-2) Ulrich (2000). The mercury exposure levels of children in the Tapajos were significantly higher than the children from Tocantins. In all schoolchildren groups the social status were categorized as very poor. Children from São Luiz do Tapajós had higher frequency of underweight and stunting than the other children population. In the overall assessment, Barreiras community showed better performance in manipulative skills, locomotor and gross motor coefficient than the others. There was no difference between the children of São Luiz do Tapajós and Furo do Maracujá that had the worst performers. There was no difference between the children from São Luiz do Tapajós and Furo Maracujá. The correlation between the total Hg and motor development markers was observed in Barreiras, while between body mass index and developing markers were observed in the Furo do Maracujá and Barreiras. These results suggest the influence of mercury on the motor development of school, alone and in association with nutritional factors. The TGMD2 is a viable technique in the evaluation of riparian school engine development and may be recommended for other groups of children with similar socioeconomic conditions for this study.