Navegando por Assunto "Diagnóstico laboratorial"

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Análise morfológica das células de Langerhans purificadas da epiderme de camundongo Balb/c, após interação in vitro com Leishania (Viannia) brasiliensis e Leishamania (Leishmania) amazonensis
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) QUARESMA, Mariana do Socorro Maciel; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Langerhans Cells (LC) are MHC class II positive antigen-presenting cells that constitute 2-3% of all epidermal cells, which have been demonstrated to stimulate a vigorous T-cell response to Leishmania major. New World cutaneous leishmaniasis is caused by different species, presenting diverse clinical pictures, varying from cutaneous localized to mucous or anergic disease. Using a "panning" technique, murine (Balb/c) epidermal LC were purified to around 95% purity (pLC). The freshly prepared LC (fLC) presented small, delicate dendrites and the classic Birbeck granules. Parasites of the subgenera Viannia and Leishmania, which are genetically very distinct, have been suggested to have a possible species-specific response in cell mediated immunity. In this study, pLC and L. (V.) braziliensis or L. (L.) amazonensis were cultured and their morfology were analyzed after 12h or 36h culture. Using Giemsa stain and scanning electron microscopy, different morphologic changes were detected on LC afier 12h culture on both cultures, LC and L. (V.) braziliensis or LC and L. (L.) amazonensis. After interaction with L. (V.) braziliensis, LC became more dendritic, that were smaller in lenght when compared to LC cultivated alone. In contrast, after interaction with L. (L.) amazonensis, LC became round shaped with a few cells showing some dendrites. Moreover, there was a dose contact between the promastigotes flagelli and LC, but without phagocytosis in 12h or 36h culture, what is different of the observations found in the literature on the interaction between LC and L. major. These results suggest that LC primary response against different species of Leishmania could be distinct upon the species involved in the interaction process.
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Aspectos clínicos e a prevalência de doenças infecto-parasitárias juntamente com a exposição ao mercúrio metálico em duas comunidades garimpeiras na Amazônia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) MIRANDA, Antonio Marcos Mota; VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2739079559531098
The evaluation of the health conditions in two “goldwashers” communities in the Amazon region, goldmines of São Chico and Creporizinho, it was verified the prevalence of clinical and neurological symptoms and the parasitic occurrence of infectious illness, associate to the concentration of total mercury in the urine of the “goldwashers”. At the São Chico, 104 “goldwashers” were investigated, while as Creporizinho 169, it was used the socio economic, epidemiological and laboratorial condition as diagnostic methodologycal and it was used sentable statistical tests for significance verification. The results demonstrated that the average of the metal in “goldwashers” urine of Sao Chico is superior to those of Creporizinho 9.29 μg creatinina Hg/g and 5.64 μg creatinina Hg/g, respectively. Where the distribution of Hg in urine of the São Chico and of the Creporizinho population, below 93% - 96% of the IBMP and above 7%-4%, respectively. There is predominance of the masculine sex in both miners and the occurrence of STD’s in the two goldminers, whose sequence was identical, where the intestinal parasitism and malaria are themost prevalent, however both are below of the IBMP. The clinical evaluation of São Chico presents prevalence of to osteomuscular, dermatological and digestive 32%, 30% and 23% symptoms, respectively. While in the Creporizinho occurred change in the sequence to osteomuscular, digestive and dermatological 51%, 44% and 39%, respectively. Amongst the most prevalent neurological symptoms the tremors, parestesias and chronic headache were present in the group of São Chico and Creporizinho the following sequence, respectively, 38% - 58%, 32% - 53% and 28% - 48%. The health conditions are more precarious in São Chico miner, than Creporizinho however the “goldwashers” are occupationally injured in the two studied populations, nevertheless there are not safe parameters to affirm the presence of the chronic mercurial illness, taking into consideration the variable analyzed in this study.
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Avaliação clínica de doadores de sangue portadores do vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV - I/II)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-03-22) CARDOSO, Maria do Socorro de Oliveira; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II (HTLV-IIII) are retrovirus that can be transmitted through blood transfusion. These virus are associated with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT/L) and other immunomediated systemic diseases. In this study, clinic symptoms related to these virus have ivestigated to use in clinical screening of the candidates for blood donation. It used standard procedures to clinical evaluation from 30 blood donors in Tropical Medicine ambulatory of the Universidade Federal do Para, seropositives for HTLV-UII, confirmated by the polymerase chain reation method. Fourty blood donors candidates, that was chosen ramdomily, It studied as a control group through complementary clinical inquiry. Thirty patients studied, 23 of these were HTLV-I positive and 07 HTLV-II positive. The symptons referred in the evaluation, some patients referred more thar one, 15 patients (50%) did not referred any symptoms, and the other (50%) presented many kinds of symptoms, however, 12 presented only neurological symptoms. Five patients presented tingles, 05 muscular force decrease, 04 constipation, 02 paresthesia, 02 subcutaneous nodes, 01 urinary incontinence, 01 smudgy vision, and 01 libido decrease. In the control group, 05 candidates referred neurological symptoms. The results of this study indicate that symptoms such as, muscular force decrease and tingles have to asked to blood donors candidates in order to reduce the risk of transfusional infection.
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Caracterização genética de micobactérias não tuberculosas isoladas de espécimes clínicos pulmonares no estado do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-11-29) COSTA, Ana Roberta Fusco da; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260
In recent years have been seen increased reports of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections in the world. However, data on frequency and NTM species associated with pulmonary infections are still limited in Brazil, especially in states of Northern Brazil. The knowledge of species associated with NTM lung infections has clinical and epidemiological importance, being molecular techniques efficient tools to provide diagnostic species-specific, which is necessary for choice of appropriate therapy. This study describes the diversity of NTM isolated from respiratory specimens at the Evandro Chagas Institute between 1999 and 2011. The NTM were initially characterized by PCR-restriction analysis (PRA-hsp65) and reidentificated by sequencing of 16S rRNA, hsp65, rpoB and ITS1 targets. According to ours findings, the PRA-hsp65 method proved to be a convenient tool for identifying NTM, allowing distinction of a variety of species quickly, simply and inexpensively, as compared to the sequencing. Moreover, as suggested in this study, according to local species diversity, this method can be subject to modifications to provide greater discriminatory power. Sequence analysis of the rpoB gene of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) revealed that this target is not a suitable alternative for discrimination of isolates from State of Para, because it generated discrepant results with low taxonomic resolution. M. chelonae, M. avium and M. simiae complexes were the most frequent NTM. Two potential species were detected, M. paraensis sp. nov. and M. amazoniensis sp. nov., being proposed as new members of the M. simiae complex. Among the patients with NTM disease, the main characteristics found were women older than 50 years, pardo ethnic group and previous tuberculosis. Although this study does not show the real magnitude of NTM lung infections in State of Para, it describes the diversity of species and clearly reveals the importance of this group in the region, which has accounted 13.5% of mycobacterial isolates in a reference laboratory. The findings highlight the need for bacteriological confirmation of cases presumptively diagnosed as TB with primary resistance to therapy for TB.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Co-infecção vírus da imunodeficiência humana e vírus da hepatite C (HIV/HCV): aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e laboratoriais de uma população atendida em um serviço de hepatopatias na cidade de Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) AMARAL, Ivanete do Socorro Abraçado; SOUZA, Rita Catarina Medeiros de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3560941703812539
The Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) and Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection currently appears as co-morbidity, which can intervene mainly in natural history of hepatitis C. Describing demographic, clinical and laboratorial aspects including histopathological examination, was the objective of this study. Between august of 2004 to december of 2006, 36 co-infected patients were selected for this study. 92% were from Belém, with 42 years old medium age; 72.52% singles; 83.5% male and 61.1% heterosexuals. Among possible risk factors for HCV, 41, 7% referred injectable illicit drug use, 38,9% intranasal cocaine and 38,9% syringe share. History of alcoholism (77,8%) and TARV use had been the possible factors for hepatic illness aggravations. A patient showed clinical signals of hepatic failure from chronic disease. Among biochemical hepatic tests, medium ALT and AST levels had been 68UI/L and 61UI/L, respectively. T CD4+ lymphocytes medium levels were 327cells/mm3. Medium HIV viral load was 2,53 log10 copies/mL (ep=0,34). Medium HCV viral load was 5,90log10UI/mL. HCV genotype 1 was the most frequent (58,82%). 57% of the patients submitted to liver biopsy presented fibrosis ranging from moderate to severe and 11% did not presented fibrosis by METAVIR classification. There was association between T CD4+ lymphocytes and ALT or AST levels (p=0,0009 and p=0,0002), and there was association between HCV genotype 1 and HCV-RNA viral load higher or equal to 6 Log10 (p=0,34). There was association between HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA (p=0,039) viral load. The patients presented good health conditions, no signs of liver failure and immunological stability, but showed important liver structure alterations. Therefore, they are good candidates for HCV antiviral therapy. Perhaps, future studies using controlled group, having a large casuistry are necessary for better understanding of HIV/HCV co-infection.
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Diagnóstico coproparasitológico e avaliação dos fatores de risco para infecção parasitária intestinal em uma comunidade ribeirinha do município de Belém-Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005-05-19) ESTEVES, Nelma Maria Rosa de Sousa; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The intestinal parasitosis are the most frequent diseases that infect the men, maily in undeveloped or on development countries, where, in general, the sanitation system do not exist or is under very bad condition. This study aims to determine the prevalence and identify the risk factors of each enteroparasitosis, on the population of the community of Jutuba Island, Belém city, Pará state. We had tested 109 stool samples using the following methods: direct and spontaneous sedimentation. He total prevalence found was 77,89% (85/109). Among the protozoas, the Entamoeba histolytica (49,41%) and among the helmints the ancilostomides (40%), Ascaris lumbricoides (29,41) and Trichiuris trichiura (24,71%) were the most frequent parasites. There was no statistical sigfnificance between parasitism and sex. The correlation between the parasitism by Giardia lamblia and age was significant (p < 0,05) for the children groups. The risk factors more important for the parasitic diseases for the population of Jutuba Island were the low lever of the economical situation, the lack of sanitation system, the intake of river water without any previous treatment and the intake of açaí juice in natura. The correlation between untreated water and intestinal parasitosis was no statistical significant. The odd rates index had showed that the açaí intake raises the chance of parasitism among the Jutuba Island population it is very important the action of the healthy authorities in order to provide to them the sanitary education since this is an important factor to help to control the parasitism reducing the prevalence of each parasite.
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Diagnóstico de enteroparasitoses numa comunidade rural de Mirante da Serra, Rondônia, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-06-21) JESUS, Maria do Socorro Bandeira de; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
The infeccions caused by enteroparasites are very common among the humans and prevalent in the underdeveloped countries because of their close linkage to their sanitary and hygiene conditions. This study aims the investigation about the enteroparasites those cause humans illness, in community in the State of Rondonia, organized by the "Rural Workers Movement Without Land" (MST). At that community, called Pe. Ezequiel located in Mirante da Serra municipality, in RO, the direct and the spontaneous sedimentation in water methods were used for the detection and identification of the parasitic forms of protozoas and helmints in excrement materiais, and the ELlSA's test for the detection of the especific antigen, anti- GIAP (galactose inhibitory adherence's protein) Entamoeba histolytica ( Techlab, Blacksburg, VA, USA). 313 fecal samples were tested by the coproscopical methods and 186 by EUSA's test. The total prevalence was 33,5% and the E. histolytica Giardia lamblia and ancilostomides were the most frequent pathogenic parasites. There were no statistical significances between parasitism and age group, but the relation between E. histolytica and the female group had showed significance. The risk factor(s) was (were) not determined in relation to the founded infections among the studied group. The resulta of ELlSA's test detected a higher number of intestinal amebiasis in comparison to those detected by coproscopical method. Taking into account that the community is rural area without a ideal struture for living, the parasitism found was amazing. However, the basic local struture associated to the group's organization, the communitary conscious and the basic health education are main factors for the prevention and/or control of the parasites infections.
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Diversidade genética das espécies de micobactérias não tuberculosas identificadas em laboratório de referência para o diagnóstico da tuberculose na região Norte
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-02-20) COSTA, Ana Roberta Fusco da; LIMA, Karla Valéria Batista; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9795461154139260; CORVELO, Tereza Cristina de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7253864056606024
Recent years has seen an increase in reports of infections associated with nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). However, knowledge of the frequency and the species involved in pulmonary and non-pulmonary infections in Brazil are limited. We evaluated the occurrence of species of NTM isolated Mycobacteria Laboratory of the Instituto Evandro Chagas, Regional Laboratory of Public Health of the North. We analyzed all NTM isolates from pulmonary clinical specimens of individuals with infection, according to the criteria of the American Thoracic Society and the Department of Health between the years 2004 to 2007. The NTM were characterized by PCR-restriction analysis (PRA-hsp65) and 16S rRNA, hsp65 e rpoB genes sequencing. We identified 51 patients with infection caused by NTM, which the M. abscessus (n=2), M. bolletii (n=4), M. massiliense (n=9), M. avium (n=5), M. colombiense (n=5), M. fortuitum (n=4), M. simiae (n=2), M. interjectum (n=4), M. intracellulare (n=5), M. kansasii (n=1), M. scrofulaceum (n=1) e M. terrae (n=1) species that involved in lung infection. In eight individuals the NTM isolates were not identified at the species level, which may represent new taxonomic entity from M. simiae complex. This study describes the diversity of NTM isolated from pulmonary clinical specimens in the state of Pará, Brazilian Amazon Region. The finding cases of lung infections diagnosed and treated unsuccessfully for several months as tuberculosis suggest the need for isolation and identification of mycobacteria involved before establishment of treatment failure.
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Febre tifóide: a experiência do Instituto Evandro Chagas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2005) RAMOS, Francisco Lúzio de Paula; CORVELO, Tereza Cristina de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7253864056606024
Typhoid fever is an infection disease of world occurrence, but as it is strictly related with low socioeconomic levels it occurs most frequently in developing countries. In this work we present the experience of Instituto Evandro Chagas (IEC) with that disease since 1987 up to 2004, period in which a number of 443 cases was accumulated, all diagnosed by Salmonella Typhi’s isolation from blood or feces, being some of them complemented with Widal serologic reaction. The case were proceeding from Belém and the municipal districts of Pará state conduced to IEC by the respective Units from Health System for etiologic diagnosis of fever syndrome, most of them of persistent course, here designated as “spontaneous” demand, at that time detected during outbreak investigations occurred in the municipal districts. We discussed aspects related to the clinical presentation, with emphasis to the atypical manifestations, the distribution according to sex and age group, the seasoning, the distribution by origin area, identifying the municipal districts of larger prevalence, and the distribution by districts, in relation to the cases coming from Belém. We also discussed aspects related to the laboratorial diagnosis emphasizing the application of the cultivation methods (coproculture and hemoculture) comparing their performance concerning the time of disease and the relationship of those tests with Widal reaction, by measuring the value of these as auxiliary or complementary method in the diagnosis of the disease. Clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial analyses were made, using Bio Estat version 3.0 program by applying qui-square and G test and the statistic significance was accepted at 95% level. The results allowed us to have the following conclusions: 1) in situations of epidemic normality the typhoid fever affects more the young adult group, while, in the epidemic situations, the affected age group is the infantile; 2) there is homogeneity among the samples from cases of outbreaks and the spontaneous demand according to the gender distribution, but males are more exposed to typhoid fever; 3) in municipal districts of the State the disease was shown to be more frequent in the areas where it concentrates larger number of populations who live near rivers and, in relation to the capital, it showed larger prevalence in jurunas district; 4) the illness has a seasonal profile, which shows the largest occurrence in the second half of the year, probably favored by geo-climatic and cultural factors; 5) the typhoid fever constitutes serious problem of public health en the State do Pará, confirming its narrow relationship with the high poverty levels; 6) the leukocytic formula revealed normal pattern or leucocytosis compared to leucopenia; 7) in the laboratorial approach it should not dispense the assays that seek to the isolation in detriment of the serological test, and the coproculture and the hemoculture should be requested in all the cases without considering the time of evolution of the clinical situation; 8) in our area, where there is not availability of cultivation tests, Widal reaction can be an alternative of value diagnosis; 9) it is illness of persistent clinical course and with atypical clinical manifestations (pneumonias and cholestatic hepatitis) whose sings/symptoms, when presented, should raise the suspicion by the investigator; 10) in the areas high endemicity, the typhoid fever can cause a negative impact in the economy not only for the costs generated with laboratorial exams, treatment, hospitalizations and eventual surgical interventions, but also because it can let the worker to be away from work for a prolonged period of time.
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Impacto da busca ativa especializada no diagnóstico da hanseníase: avaliação longitudinal e comparativa de aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais em áreas endêmicas no Pará e no Maranhão
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-08) COSTA, Izabelle Laissa Viana; COSTA, Patrícia Fagundes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6487407290759330; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Leprosy is a disease that represents a significant public health problem in various parts of the world, including Brazil. To improve epidemiological data, active case finding activities and longitudinal research represent a transformative approach to disease control. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate and compare the clinical and laboratory aspects of patients with leprosy, their contacts, and schoolchildren over a one-year period in endemic areas in Pará and Maranhão. To achieve this, a longitudinal study was conducted, characterized by active case finding activities in Imperatriz-MA, São Luís-MA, and Marituba-PA, where registered leprosy cases in the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), their contacts, and school-aged children were evaluated. Participants underwent neurodermatological evaluation and blood collection for the titration of IgM anti-PGL-I antibodies, as well as intradermal scraping of the earlobes and elbows for bacilloscopy and qPCR. After one year, in 2023, participants from the municipalities of Imperatriz and São Luís were re-evaluated, and new participants were included. Among 522 individuals included in this study, 135/522 (25.9%) were clinically and/or laboratorially re-evaluated in 2023, and 387/522 (74.1%) were evaluated exclusively in 2022 or 2023. In 2022, new cases were identified among 66/221 (29.9%) contacts and 23/195 (11.8%) schoolchildren. Additionally, 9/34 (26.5%) relapses and 2/34 (5.9%) patients with therapeutic insufficiency or failure were diagnosed among index cases. In 2023, new cases were observed among 70/126 (55.5%) contacts and 10/29 (34.4%) schoolchildren. Furthermore, 7/12 (58.3%) relapses and 1/12 (8.3%) patients with therapeutic insufficiency or failure were diagnosed among index cases. In the neurodermatological evaluation, among schoolchildren and contacts who were re-evaluated, individuals with an altered superficial fibular nerve were found to be 4.3 times more likely to be in the disease case group (p < 0.05; 95% CI = 1.58- 12.74; OR = 4.32). The bacilloscopy test identified the etiological agent in 7/222 evaluated individuals (3.1%), with 4/7 (57.1%) being among individuals with a prior diagnosis of leprosy. Regarding the serological analysis of re-evaluated individuals, seropositivity was observed in 26/106 (24.5%) individuals in 2022, and 7/106 (6.6%) in 2023, a statistically significant decrease (p < 0.05). A high positivity rate for the qPCR technique was observed, including 9/10 (90%) relapses, 55/88 (62.8%) new cases, and 43/151 (48.3%) contacts. These data highlight a concerning scenario characterized by a high number of hidden leprosy cases in the analyzed regions, and a significant increase in diagnosis rates after one year of follow-up in the communities, underscoring the importance of longitudinal research and the implementation of different diagnostic and monitoring techniques for a better understanding of leprosy and its outcomes in endemic areas.
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Importância da presença de granulações tóxicas para o diagnóstico hematológico de septicemia
(2007-12) SALGADO, Danielle Nazaré da Silva; CARVALHO, Raimundo Gladson Corrêa; OLIVEIRA, Maria de Fátima Pinto; SANTOS, Eduardo José Melo dos; BRITO JUNIOR, Lacy Cardoso de
This work aims at investigating the association of the presence of toxic granulation with positive blood cultures, age of patients, conditions of hospitalization and types of bacterial agents. Blind prospective and retrospective, analyses were carried out for the presence of toxic granulations-in blood samples of 300 patients of the both genders hospitalized in the City of Belém, Pará, Brazil. Request blood tests over a two year period were evaluated. The blood tests and cultures were performes using automated methods. All the data were statistically compared using the Qui-square test (clump method). The results show statistical associations between: (1) the presence of toxic granulations and positive blood cultures; (2) lower ages of patients (the newborn) and positive blood cultures; (3) hospitalization in the ICU and positive blood cultures and (4) toxic granulations-and the observation of leucocytosis and right-left shunts in patients hospitalized in the ICU with positive blood cultures. The commonest bacterial agents identified were klebsiella oxytoca (22%), Acinetobacter calcoaceticus (20%), Escherichia coli (18%), Enterobacter cloacae (14%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8%).
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Molecular characterization of human T-cell lymphotropic virus coinfecting human immunodeficiency virus 1 infected patients in the Amazon region of Brazil
(2005-07) LAURENTINO, Rogério Valois; LOPES, Ivina Giselle Lima; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; MOREIRA, Márcio Ronaldo Chagas; SOUZA, Lia Lobato Batista de; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário
The present work evaluated the epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus 1/human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HIV-1/HTLV) coinfection in patients living in Belém (state of Pará) and Macapá (state of Amapá), two cities located in the Amazon region of Brazil. A total of 169 blood samples were collected. The sera were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine the presence of antibodies anti-HTLV-1/2. Confirmation of infection and discrimination of HTLV types and subtypes was performed using a nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the pX and 5' LTR regions, followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing analysis. The presence of anti-HTLV1/2 was detected in six patients from Belém. The amplification of the pX region followed by RFLP analysis, demonstrated the presence of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infections among two and four patients, respectively. Sequencing HTLV-1 5' LTR indicated that the virus is a member of the Cosmopolitan Group, Transcontinental subgroup. HTLV-2 strains isolated revealed a molecular profile of subtype HTLV-2c. These results are a reflex of the epidemiological features of HIV-1/HTLV-1/2 coinfection in the North region of Brazil, which is distinct from other Brazilian regions, as reported by previous studies.
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Nova proposta de tratamento para malária por Plasmodium vivax
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 1997) ABDON, Nagib Ponteira; SOUZA, José Maria de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6459204248879587
Relapses that may occur with long standard treatment of vivax malaria might be in part due to an incomplete patient compliance. Therefore, the employment of short treatment schemes leading to a better patient compliance, and the same time having efficacy, tolerance and minimal or none adverse reactions is a matter of serious concern. In order to attain this objective, between july, 1994 to june, 1995, an open, comparative, prospective and randomized study was made in the attendance outpatient unit of Malaria Program of Evandro Chagas Institute, in Belem, Para State. Just patients aged up 12 years, from both sexes, which stayed in Belem during all the period control were enrolled. All patients were from Amazon Region, being the great majority of them from Para (85.8%). Autochthonous cases from the metropolitan area of Belem represented 39.2% of the sample. In this study, 120 patients were divided into 3 groups of 40 patients according to the following therapeutic schemes : Scheme I - chloroquine phosphate tablets with 150 mg of base substance in a total dose of 25 mg / kg / day for 3 days, that is, 10 mg / kg / day in the first day, 7.5 mg / kg / day in the second and third day, plus primaquine phosphate tablets with 15 mg of base substance in a dose of 0.25 mg / kg / day for 14 days. Scheme II - chloroquine phosphate tablets with 150 mg of base substance, 10 mg / kg in a single dose plus primaquine phosphate tablets with 15 mg of base substance in a dose of 0.50 mg / kg / day for 7 days. Scheme III - chloroquine phosphate tablets with 150 mg of base substance, 10 mg / kg in a single dose plus primaquine phosphate tablets with 15 mg of base substance in a dose of 0.50 mg / kg/ day for 5 days. Drugs were administered orally, under medical supervision to all outpatients.Clinical diagnosis was based upon history, epidemiology and physical examination of patients, while the laboratory finding of the hematozoa plasmodium in a thick blood film established the definitive malaria diagnosis. All 3 therapeutic schemes were effective, with a cure rate up to 80%. In the II therapeutic scheme, relapses were not observed. The disappearance of malarial symptoms occurred until 96 hours of treatment, while the assexual parasitaemie clearance occurred until 72 hours, considering all 3 therapeutic schemes. When present, adverse reactions were observed in a short period of time. Even in the cases of primaquine in double dose, there were no toxicity.
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Parasitismo intestinal: estudo epidemiológico em dois grupos sócio-econômicos distintos de uma população infantil de Porto Velho-RO
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-12-15) AQUINO, Eulália Gonçalves de; CORVELO, Tereza Cristina de Oliveira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7253864056606024
Parasitic infections are present in endemic ways in several areas of Brazil. The investigation estimated the prevalence of enteroparasites in 200 children between 2 and 13 years belonging to two distinct social-economic classes, middle and low, in a period from April to June in 2001 in the city of Porto Velho, RO. And it also analyzed the contextual risk factors of greater epidemiologic importance. The samples of the feces were examined through direct and spontaneous sedimentation method. The population of middle social-economic level (A) made up of 100 individuals, presented a positivity rate of 18 %, being the most prevalent parasite Giardia lamblia (52,4 %), followed by Ascaris lumbricoids (19 %), Trichuris trichiura (14,3%), Enterobius vermicularis (4,8%), Hymenolepis nana (4,8%) and Endolimax nana (4,8%). In the group of low social-economic level (B) the positivity reached 56 % of the individuals also being Giardia lamblia (28,9%) the most prevalent, followed by Entamoeba coli (22,7%), A. lumbricoides (14,4%), T. Trichiura (8,3%), E. vermicularis (7,2%), H. nana (4,1%), E. nana (4,1%), E. histolytica (4,1%), Ancylostomídeos (3,1%) and leaven (3,1%). The occurrence of more than one parasite per individual was more prevalent in among the children of group B (46,4%), being that the parasitism was more prevalent among children with gastrointestinal symptoms in both groups A and B. The intestinal parasitosis affected boys and girls equally; Negroid and Caucasian and occurred equally in both two age group of children under and above five years, however, children under the age of five of group A presented preponderance of infection by protozoan of the specie G. lamblia. Low income and houses with a great number of people cohabiting and without water supply net constituted social-economic risk factors that support the high prevalence intestinal parasitosis. Anemia and nutritional state conditions were also evaluated and did not show significant relations with enteroparasitosis, in the different social-economic groups. Therefore, high prevalence in children, especially of low social-economic level, with intestinal parasitism, anemia and moderate acute malnutrition, reflect the precarious public healthy conditions in the city of Porto Velho, RO.
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Perfil do marcador bioquímico de lesão miocárdica creatinoquinase-MB (CK-MB) em pacientes com leptospirose atendidos na cidade de Belém-Pa
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-12-16) MAGNO, Ismaelino Mauro Nunes; COSTA, Eduardo Augusto da Silva; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8367972950545772
It was examined the behaviour of enzyme creatine kinase-MB in patients with leptospirosis inside University João Barros Barreto Hospital in Belém, in the State of Pará on the period of January 2002 to July 2003 through a study on which were characterized the clinics symptoms and the profile of biochemical mark biochemical of myocardial injury. It was determined serum profiles of creatine kinase-MB; creatinine kinase, urea, creatinina, potassium, aspartataminetransferase and alanineaminetranferase related with the clinics symptoms of the cardiac muscles inflammable process. The results show that in spite of the great part of the patient be symptomatic, only 12,76% show elevation serum from creatine kinase-MB. So, the referred biochemical mark can't be used as indicator of the human miocardic in the leptospirosis.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com tuberculose pulmonar atendidos na Unidade Básica de Saúde da Pedreira
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) BARBOSA, Heloisa Helena Moreira de Moraes; REZENDE, Manoel Barbosa de
The Pulmonary Tuberculosis is still one of the biggest public health problems all over the world, including Brazil. The control situation aggravates because it's difficult to implant an efficient program because of the proportion between the necessities and the available resources, and even for the limited covery and utilization of the installed capacity of attention, besides, in the end of the 80's, for the HIV propagation. With the aim, of describing the epidemiological profile of the patients infected with the pulmonary tuberculosis, attended in the Basic Health Unit of Pedreira Neighborhood, in the Belem of Para city. 143 patients, considering all rate of ages and sex, with pulmonary tuberculosis, were part of this study, all this data was collected between January of 2001 and July of 2002. It was analyzed the following aspects: signals and symptoms, baciloscopy, thorax radiology, number of communicants in home, antecedent case of pulmonary tuberculosis in family, time between the beginning of the symptoms and the beginning of the treatment, kinds of discharge of treatment, patient's provenance, school degrees, recidivistic cases, occupation and its qualification, familiar resources, daily meals, living conditions, kind of the house's wall, number of windows, number of rooms x the number of people, canalized water, electric light, kind of home fosse of the water closet, smoking and alcoholics practices. Results: Cough was the most frequent symptom with 89,51%; the positive result of baciloscopic test was 60,01%; the radiological founds with infiltration were 42,86%; 84,62% of the patients have at least one in-home communicant, 57,34% have at least one case of pulmonary tuberculosis in family; 65,04% were late 2 months to start the treatment after the symptoms had started; 94,23% received discharge for cure; 3,85% received discharge for quitting and 1,92% discharge for death; 78% from Belem; 7% are illiterate people and 51,75% have not completed the junior high school; 11,19% of recidivous; considering the people that have an occupation, 68,49% don't have qualification; 86% have income less than 6 minimum salaries; 43,68% of the patients are alcoholics. The conclusions were that the predominant sex and rate of ages were respectively male and from 16 to 45; the social, economic, cultural, living aspects were very poor, and it's very important to understand that this disease demonstrate its social determination. Therefor, the biological processes of health are part of the social life of the collectivity, by this way, the health and the diseases are equidistant points in the same process that is a part of a major ground called life. Sanitary education talk is a educational way to create a healthy habit that will certainly contribute to a better human's potentials development. This study proves the researches that were made before.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pesquisa de Streptococcus Agalactiae em gestantes residentes em Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-12-12) RIBEIRO, Kleber Dias; VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2739079559531098
In the Steptococus agalactiaie infections in newly born two forms are recognized, that of precocious beginning, whose clinical picture is characterized by bacteremia with lung involvement, meningitis, septic shock and neutropenia, and the of late beginning, where the bacteremia associated to the meningitis is the predominant clinical manifestation. Being considered the gravity of the pathology, the absence of information about the incidence of this bacterium in resident pregnant women in the north area of Brazil and the importance of diagnosis, is fundamental the determination of the occurrence of the estreptococos of the group B in this population. Therefore, this study aimed the laboratorial diagnosis of streptocuccus agalactiae in the pregnant women feminine genital treat, in the last quarter of gestation, determining the incidence and alerting about the importance of the diagnosis in the prenatal exam. This study was realized in the period of February to August of 2002, in 50 pregnant women resident and domiciled in the city of Belem-Para, coming from the section of gynecology of the Federal University of Para. The bacteria identification carry out through the bacterioscopy and culture of the vaginal contents. Of the 50 studied pregnant women, seven (14%) presented positive culture for Streptococcus agalactiae. Of these, two (28,6%) were first gestation and five (71,4%) second gestation. This results to indication the significant presence of the bacterium, indicating the need of the adoption procedures for prevention of the infection by this agent, due the high index morbidade and mortality associated to the estreptococo of the group B.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalência da infecção pelo vírus da hepatite B em duas comunidades ribeirinhas de afluentes do Tocantins
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) GADELHA, Maria Apolônia da Costa; REZENDE, Manoel Barbosa de
The infection by the hepatitis B virus reaches 5% of the world population, with areas of low, intermediate, and high endemism according to the variation in prevalence rates. The study aims to evaluate the prevalence of infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in two tributaries of the river communities of Tocantins, in order to assist with control of viral hepatitis for the Amazon region. We evaluated 58 patients living in the city of Igarapé-Miri (Panacuera and Pindobal Grande). The survey of serological markers for HBV (HBsAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBc), revealed the absence of HBsAg in both communities, while anti-HBc was positive in 3.84% of patients and in 12 Panacuera 5% at Pindobal Grande. The anti-HBs was positive in 3.4% and 6.25% Panacauera in Pindobal Grande. Given these results, we found that the prevalence rates of HBV infection in both communities were low compared to those found in other areas of the Amazon. However, these markers should be considered during the selection of donors within the community because of the risk of post-transfusion hepatitis. Prevention through vaccination should be done because individuals in these communities because they have risk factors, are predisposed to infection and may progress to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Qualidade bacteriológica da água domiciliar e superficial na área insular do município de Belém
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006) VALE, Elivam Rodrigues; VIEIRA, José Luiz Fernandes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2739079559531098
The ambient sanitation is one of the most important ways of prevention of illnesses, but unhappyly it is not a reality in all the sectors of the population, generating a preoccupying situation for the professionals of Public Health. Problematic relative to the health and the environment reveals particularly important for the brazilian north region, where people inhabit the edges of rivers and igarapés with lack or even though, infrastructure of sanitation absence, being displayed to possible risks of contamination. In this study, of expedition descriptive character, were used quali-quantitative methods, aiming at bacteriological diagnostics of the water consumed for the marginal inhabitants of the region of the islands, more specifically in the islands of Paulo da Cunha (Grande island) and Murutucu in the agricultural zone of the city of Belém-Pará. 96 water samples stored in the residences and 80 superficial water samples had been collected in ten points located surrounding area of the islands. It was evaluated the number of Termotolerants Coliforms and Standard Counting of Heterotrofics Bacteria in the water stored for consumption, as well as Termotolerants coliforms, fecals Estreptococos/Enterococos and bacterial enteropathogens in the superficial water. In the Grande island the results disclose concentrations that had varied of 25 to 3600, 15 to 420 and 15 to 420, for termotolerants Coliforms, fecals Estreptococos and Enterococos, respectively, in relation to the Murutucu island these values had varied of 540 to 2600, 44 to 680 and 44 to 448, respectively for the same pointers. The presence of Salmonella spp was observed in 27,5% in Grande island and 12.5% in the Murutucu island. It was verified that 58.7% and 66%, of the water samples of consumption in the islands Grande and Murutucu, had been respectively considered improper for consumption, with presence of termotolerants coliforms. In relation to heterotrofics bacteria, 41.3% in Grande island e 15% in the Murutucu island had 500 more than UFC/mL. Considering itself the results gotten in the present work verify that the water used in the agricultural zones can function as a factor of risk to the human health that use it.