Navegando por Assunto "Doadores de sangue"

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Avaliação clínica de doadores de sangue portadores do vírus linfotrópico de células T humanas (HTLV - I/II)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2002-03-22) CARDOSO, Maria do Socorro de Oliveira; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092
The human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I and II (HTLV-IIII) are retrovirus that can be transmitted through blood transfusion. These virus are associated with tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ALT/L) and other immunomediated systemic diseases. In this study, clinic symptoms related to these virus have ivestigated to use in clinical screening of the candidates for blood donation. It used standard procedures to clinical evaluation from 30 blood donors in Tropical Medicine ambulatory of the Universidade Federal do Para, seropositives for HTLV-UII, confirmated by the polymerase chain reation method. Fourty blood donors candidates, that was chosen ramdomily, It studied as a control group through complementary clinical inquiry. Thirty patients studied, 23 of these were HTLV-I positive and 07 HTLV-II positive. The symptons referred in the evaluation, some patients referred more thar one, 15 patients (50%) did not referred any symptoms, and the other (50%) presented many kinds of symptoms, however, 12 presented only neurological symptoms. Five patients presented tingles, 05 muscular force decrease, 04 constipation, 02 paresthesia, 02 subcutaneous nodes, 01 urinary incontinence, 01 smudgy vision, and 01 libido decrease. In the control group, 05 candidates referred neurological symptoms. The results of this study indicate that symptoms such as, muscular force decrease and tingles have to asked to blood donors candidates in order to reduce the risk of transfusional infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos fatores de risco associados à transmissão do HTLV-1 e do HTLV-2, em doadores de sangue, na cidade de Belém do Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2006-04-10) LOPES, Bruna Pedroso Tamegão; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092
In order to define the epidemiological profile of the Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) among inapt blood donors population, at the HEMOPA Foundation, in Belém, state of Pará, we analyzed 113 epidemiological forms, related with risk factors associated with these retrovirus transmission, among carriers and noncarriers of HTLV. We observed that 76% (n=50) of the inapt blood donors were infected by HTLV-1 and 24% (n=16) by HTLV-2; 62% (n=70) of the carriers were male and 38% (n=43) were female, with a tendency of infection in this gender (p=0,007). The risk factors which exhibited significant results were: have received blood transfusion (p=0,0003), more specifically to HTLV-2 (p=0,02); have been breastfeeding from non-mother (p=0,006), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,04); have been submitted to surgery (p=0,01), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,03) and HTLV-2 (p=0,04); share blades/shavers (p=0,02), more specifically to HTLV-1 (p=0,02); do not use condoms during sexual intercourse (p=0,0003), discriminately to HTLV-1 (p=0,001) and HTLV-2 (p=0,002). Despite of the diverse stages existing in the process of selection of blood donors, which the main objective is to eliminate potentials candidates carrying transmissible blood diseases, in special of chronic and asymptomatic course, exist bias that disable an exempt process of fails.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Caracterização molecular do HTLV-1/2 em doadores de sangue em Belém, Estado do Pará: primeira descrição do subtipo HTLV-2b na região Amazônica
(2009-06) SANTOS, Ethienne Lobato dos; TAMEGÃO-LOPES, Bruna Pedroso; MACHADO, Luiz Fernando Almeida; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; ISHAK, Ricardo; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário
This study aimed to perform molecular characterization on the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infecting blood donors attended at the Hematology and Hemotherapy Center-Foundation of Pará. DNA samples from 79 HTLV-seropositive individuals were analyzed by means of the polymerase chain reaction on the pX, env and 5'LTR genomic regions; restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis; and sequencing of the 5'LTR region with subsequent phylogenetic analysis. From this, the HTLV types and subtypes circulating in the study population were defined. There was higher prevalence of HTLV-1 (71%) than of HTLV-2 (29%). HTLV-1 samples were classified as belonging to the Cosmopolitan subtype, Transcontinental subgroup; and the HTLV-2 samples as HTLV-2c. Analysis on the restriction fragment length polymorphisms of the env region and sequencing of the 5'LTR region identified a sample of HTLV-2b, for the first time in the Brazilian Amazon region. This emphasizes the need for ongoing molecular studies in this region, in order to have better understanding of the epidemiology of HTLV transmission in the population, and to enable epidemiological surveillance of the emergence of new types and subtypes.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Detection of HTLV-IIa in blood donors in an urban area of the Amazon Region of Brazil (Belém, PA)
(1998-04) ISHAK, Ricardo; ISHAK, Marluísa de Oliveira Guimarães; SANTOS, Domingos Ezenildo Matos dos; VALLINOTO, Antonio Carlos Rosário; SARAIVA, João Carlos Pina; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; HALL, William W.; AZEVEDO, Vânia Nakauth
The human lymphotropic viruses type I (HTLV-I) and type II (HTLV-II) are members of a group of mammalian retroviruses with similar biological properties, and blood transfusion is an important route of transmission. HTLV-I is endemic in a number of different geographical areas and is associated with several clinical disorders. HTLV-II is endemic in several Indian groups of the Americas and intravenous drug abusers in North and South America, Europe and Southeast Asia. During the year of 1995, all blood donors tested positive to HTLV-I/II in the State Blood Bank (HEMOPA), were directed to a physician and to the Virus Laboratory at the Universidade Federal do Pará for counselling and laboratory diagnosis confirmation. Thirty-five sera were tested by an enzyme immune assay, and a Western blot that discriminates HTLV-I and HTLV-II infection. Two HTLV-II positive samples were submitted to PCR analysis of pX and env genomic region, and confirmed to be of subtype IIa. This is the first detection in Belém of the presence of HTLV-IIa infection among blood donors. This result emphasizes that HTLV-II is also present in urban areas of the Amazon region of Brazil and highlights the need to include screening tests that are capable to detect antibodies for both types of HTLV.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Doadores de sangue positivos em triagem sorológica para doença de Chagas no Acre: necessidade de adequação e orientação diagnóstica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011-01-24) SILVA, Pablo Rodrigo de Andrade e; PÓVOA, Marinete Marins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2256328599939923
This study, which involved 77,893 blood donors who attended for the first time the Blood Center of Acre, from January 1997 to December 2008, aimed to: 1) to identify individuals with positive serology for Chagas disease, 2) characterize clinically, individuals with positive serology for Chagas' disease and 3) properly orient individuals serologically positive for therapy advocated. The sample consisted of 91.6% of male patients, with an average age around 47, all residents of the state of Acre. Serological screening was performed with the application of the ELISA positive results with 102 of these, 12 were included and subjected to confirmatory testing, of whom 11 had confirmed the positive result. According to the evaluation of complementary exams (ECG, echocardiography and endoscopy), a donor had installed the cardiac and the other an indeterminate form of the disease. You must provide the confirmatory test for Chagas disease in the routine of blood banks in order to ensure timely referral to a qualified medical assistance to that blood donor who became Chagas’ patients.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Likely transmission of hepatitis C virus through sharing of cutting and perforating instruments in blood donors in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil
(2010-04) OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; ROJAS, Márcia de Fátima Maciel de; CHAGAS, Márcia Cristina Munhoz; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de
We determined the risk factors for HCV infection in blood donors in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil. We examined 256 blood donors seen at the Blood Bank of Pará State between 2004 and 2006. They were divided into two groups, depending on whether they were infected with HCV or not; 116 donors were infected with HCV, while the other 140 were free of infection. The HCV-RNA was detected by real-time PCR. All of the participants filled out a questionnaire about possible risk factors. The data were evaluated using simple and multiple logistic regressions. The main risk factors for HCV were found to be use of needles and syringes sterilized at home (OR = 4.55), invasive dental treatment (OR = 3.08), shared use of razors at home (OR = 1.99), sharing of disposable razors in barbershops, beauty salons, etc. (OR = 2.34), and sharing manicure and pedicure material (OR = 3.45). Local and regional health authorities should educate the public about sharing perforating and cutting materials at home, in barber/beauty shops, and in dental clinics as risk factors for HCV infection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Marcadores ultra-sonográficos hepáticos em portadores assintomáticos do vírus da hepatite C, pré-doadores de sangue da Fundação HEMOPA, Belém-Pará
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003-12-29) MAGNO, José Emilio Campos; MONTEIRO, Maria Rita de Cassia Costa; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5536136455627983
ln order to evaluate the importance of the ultra-sonography, as an image diagnosis rnethod, in the detection of hepatics alterations in people who are symptomatics carrier of the hepatitis C vírus (HCV), this assay has studied people that are blood pre-donors of Fundação Hemopa, official reference hemocentre of Pará State, Brazil, between October and December of 2003,with the more important aims: to depict the hepatics markers of morphologics alterations; to find the frequency of thats alterations and to define the presence of association enter that’s morphologics alterations and the HCV infection. The assay has compared a central group - composed by 30 people HCV positive - and a control group - composed by 38 people HCV negative. Both of the research's groups were asymptomatic male and female with correct age to be blood donors. The donation selection have been done by the hemocentre, using their rotine proceeding. The paper has proceeded using pared people by sex and age. The groups have shown young age as most of all, wich is a normal hemocentre profile. Hepatomegaly, hiperecogenicity of the parenchyma have been the most found alteration in both research's groups, however without significative statistic difference. The increasing of the liver cell fatness is the way we can explain these alterations, reminding that the inflammation and the fibrotic components can increase this hiperecogenicity of the tiver parenquime. Heterogenicity, hipoecogenics focus, visibility alterations of some inside tiver veins and splenomegaly have been some other topics without significative statistic difference between the central and control groups. Significative statistic difference were found in the liver superfície marker and in the c1assification by pontuation, exactly as Lin's scores, about liver superficies, parenchyma, inside veins and spleen index. The total points has classified people from central and control groups in thin standard - 80% in central group and 100% in control group -; heterogenics - 13,3% in central group and 0% in control group -; and nodular - 6,7 % in central group and 0% in control group. There weren't found in both groups nodes, mass, ascitis, increasing of the portal and spleen veins and collateral circulation. The young age of blood donors people could have minimized the ecographics markers found, because of the chronics evolution tendence, slow and silent, of the VHC infection, with lately expressions of chronics hepatitis's morphologics alterations, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Pesquisa de hanseníase em doadores de sangue
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-11) JORGE, Erika Vanessa Oliveira; PALMEIRA, Mauricio Koury; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2785104508455046; SALGADO, Claudio Guedes; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2310734509396125
Hansen’s disease (HD) is an infectious disease with active transmission in endemic areas such as Brazil, which accounted for over 90% of the new HD in the Americas in 2021, and the second highest in the global scale. Clinically is characterized by the appearance of nerve or skin lesions with altered sensitivity, that in advanced cases, can cause deformities and physical disabilities. Its transmission occurs mainly through Mycobacterium leprae, through respiratory droplets of sick people, and has a prolonged incubation period. The diagnosis of leprosy is clinical, with multidrug treatment PQT (polychemotherapy) being crucial to avoid the chain of disease transmission. Suspected cases should be attended by a qualified professional in basic health units or active case finding campaigns. Although leprosy patient is considered definitively unfit for blood donation process, according to Consolidation regulation nº 5, of October 3, 2017, leprosy investigation occurs only through a clinical interview, without laboratory evaluation. At Hemocenter from Pará, 500 donors were selected for the study and blood was collected for serological investigation of anti-PGL-I antibodies. Of the selected donors, 4% (20/500) had positive serological results greater than or equal to 0,750 optical density among only eight agreed to be clinically examined and underwent other laboratory tests: bacilloscopy and qPCR. Among donors with clinical evaluation, more than half were diagnosed with leprosy, 62.5% (5/8), with the following cases: one individual with the primarily neural clinical form, three with borderline-tuberculoid, one lepromatous. of peripheral blood, the presence of the bacillus in two individuals was confirmed, suggesting a possible route of transmission of the disease. We emphasize that the prevalence of subclinical leprosy infection due to its etiological agent among the study population is very high, but compatible with the hidden prevalence already recorded in the state of Pará.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Prevalence and genotyping of hepatitis C virus in blood donors in the state of Pará, Northern Brazil
(2010-02) OLIVEIRA FILHO, Aldemir Branco de; PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; ROJAS, Márcia de Fátima Maciel de; CHAGAS, Márcia Cristina Munhoz; CRESCENTE, Jose Angelo Barletta; CRESPO, Deborah Maia; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de
Given the scarcity of epidemiological information on hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Northern Brazil, we determined the prevalence and genotypic frequency in blood donors in the state of Pará (PA). Blood samples from all of the blood donors at the Fundação HEMOPA (blood bank of PA) from 2004-2006 were screened for the presence of antibodies to anti-HCV and samples seroreactive to anti-HCV were further tested for HCV RNA using real-time PCR. In total, 116 HCV-RNA samples were genotyped, based on maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses, using BioEdit, Modelgenerator, PHYML and FigTree software. The population consisted of 242,726 volunteers who donated blood from 2004-2006; the most common subgroup was males between the ages of 18-29 years old (37.30%). Within the whole group, 1,112 blood donors (0.46%) had indeterminate or positive serology; among these, 28.78% were males whose ages ranged from 18-29 years. A diagnosis of chronic HCV infection was confirmed for 304 donors (60.20% males; 66.45% were 30-49 years old), resulting in a prevalence of HCV RNA in 0.13% of the samples (304 of 242,726). HCV genotyping revealed a high frequency of genotype 1 (108/116) followed by genotype 3 (8/116). This study found HCV infection to be relatively infrequent in PA; genotype 1 was most commonly isolated. This information can help guide prevention and control policies aimed at efficient diagnosis and control measures.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil
(2009-06) TORRES, Alex José Leite; ANGELO, Ana Luiza Dias; MARTINS NETTO, Eduardo; SAMPAIO, Geraldo Pedral; SOUZA, Denise Ferreira de; INOCÊNCIO, Lílian do Amaral; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; BRITES, Carlos Roberto
This study defined the normal variation range for different subsets of T-lymphocyte cells count in two different Brazilian regions. We analysed the T-lymphocytes subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+) in blood donors of two Brazilian cities, located in North (Belem, capital state of Para, indian background) and Northeast (Salvador, capital state od Bahia, African background) regions of Brazil. Results were compared according to gender, stress level (sleep time lower than 8 hours/day), smoking, and alcohol intake. Lymphocytes subpopulations were measured by flow cytometry. Five hundred twenty-six blood donors from two Brazilians cities participated in the study: 450 samples from Bahia and 76 samples from Pará. Most (60%) were men, 59% reported alcohol intake, 12% were smokers, and 80% slept at least 8 h/day. Donors from Bahia presented with significantly higher counts for all parameters, compared with Para. Women had higher lymphocytes levels, in both states, but only CD4+ cells count was significantly higher than men's values. Smokers had higher CD4+ counts, but sleep time had effect on lymphocytes levels only for Para's donors (higher CD3+ and CD4+ counts). That state had also, a higher proportion of donors reporting sleep time <8 h/day. The values for CD3, CD4 and CD8+ cells count were significantly higher in blood donors from Bahia than among those from Pará. Female gender, alcohol intake, stress level, and smoking were associated with higher lymphocyte counts. The use of a single reference range for normal lymphocytes count is not appropriate for a country with such diversity, like Brazil is.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Soroconversões para o vírus da Hepatite C entre doadores de sangue de repetição da Fundação Hemopa: análise do uso do NAT como elemento da segurança transfusional
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2014) VALOIS, Rubenilson Caldas; QUARESMA, Juarez Antônio Simões; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3350166863853054
The Hepatitis C virus is currently one of the main causes of hepatic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma; it also constitutes one of the main reasons of unsuitability for blood donation among the population. Hepatitis C presents itself as one of the main infectious diseases in the worldwide scenario. The aim of this work was to conduct a comparative study and a analysis of the methods of screening for HCV in blood donors of the Foundation Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Pará (HEMOPA) before and after the implementation of NAT test. The methodology used had a quantitative, prospective, with general objectives of descriptive nature approach, and used a technical procedure with pre-existent written registrations in HEMOPA Foundation. There were 125 seroconversions to HCV diagnosed by ELISA, and 176 diagnosed by NAT, associated with chemiluminescence, totalizing 301 seroconversions from April 2013 to September 2014. It was observed in the study that there was a higher rate of seroconversions when the technique of molecular biology was used, which is associated with an immunological test, instead of the ELISA methodology. In the study most people were male, under 35 years old, unmarried, and had complete high school level. It was observed that among the risk factors studied, the “Surgery” one was statistically significant. We concluded that there is an important clue that the combined use of molecular and immunological tests improves security in the process of blood donors selection.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Soroepidemiologia do HCV em doadores de sangue na cidade de Imperatriz – MA
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012) COSTA, Cristiano dos Santos; MARTINS, Luisa Caricio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1799493244439769
Due to high mortality and especially morbidity, hepatitis is one of the most serious public health problems in the country and the world. Among them we highlight the infection of hepatitis C. The number of people who are unaware they are infected with HCV is relevant. As currently HCV transmission by blood transfusion and blood products is rare among blood donors, after the introduction of screening method in centers haemotherapic, crucial to detect the existence of a possible infection in the donor. The epidemiological reality of hepatitis C in Empress needs more knowledge and planning prevention strategies and assistance to individuals with HCV, since there is no network service for consolidated treatment, bureaucracy is great to reach the diagnosis of disease and under-reporting of cases is high. Aims to evaluate the prevalence of HCV in blood donation candidates in the municipality of Imperatriz - MA, so as to analyze the profile of the candidates considered unfit to donate blood in HEMOMAR, this city; determine the seroprevalence of Hepatitis C Virus among blood donors in the period from 2005 to 2010; conduct the survey of epidemiological data, highlighting the gender and age group with the highest prevalence of hepatitis C; comparing epidemiological data identifying the merits of the candidates seropositive for hepatitis C. the study is cross-sectional in nature, involving blood donors of the Center for Hematology of Maranhão Imperatriz - MA. In the distribution of blood donors HEMOMAR, regional Imperatriz-MA for sex, it appears that, in the years 2005 to 2011 the flow of donors was characterized by individuals of both sexes, with male predominance (75, 01%), when analyzing the profile of prospective donors with positive serology for HCV, we found that these were also the majority. The age of the blood donors was the predominant HEMOMAR 18-29. Candidates donation with positive serology for HCV, 79.17% were found in the situation of married / stable. Among the donors who were considered unfit to donate, 0.21% were seropositive for HCV. Most prospective donors with HCV seropositivity belonged to the municipality of Imperatriz. It was concluded that it's important to remember that the screening process clinical and laboratory reduces contamination risks in the process of blood transfusion. The figure of the donor blood should always be appreciated and congratulated by all.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
O uso da técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real em doadores de sangue soropositivos para o anti-HCV
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2003) PIMENTA, Adriana do Socorro Coelho; LEMOS, José Alexandre Rodrigues de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/0820294977759092
The HCV is a spherical virus that presents a RNA genome with a positive polarity. Actually classified into the flaviridae family, and Hepacivirus genre, presenting a 9.4 Kb constituted by a unique and long open reading frame (ORF) which comprises almost all the genome. It presents two untranslated regions (UTR) at the 5' and 3' extremities. The major polyprotein is clivated in ten minors proteins, resulting in structural and non-structural proteins. This virus shows preferentially the blood transmission and is distributed around the world. The diagnosis has been done accidentally in the most of cases while sorological and molecular screening is done. This work has as the main objective, to compare the imuno-enzematic assay (ELISA) with polimerase chain reaction test (PCR) in the occasion of pre-selection of blood donors. Detection screening by PCR was done in 290 samples that were positive or indeterminate for ELISA assay. The result analysis showed that the samples positive-ELISA/positive- PCR and positive-ELISA/negative-PCR are two different and independent samples (p=0,0006). This difference is supposed to be due a differential immunologic response of the samples that presented positive PCR result. We attended a correlation between DO/cut-off (ELISA) and viral load in PCR as we see in other virus like HIV, however the results appears totally disperse (R2=0,025), confirming the non-correlation between the two testes, ELISA and PCR for detection of virus C.