Navegando por Assunto "Ecologia florestal"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Integrando conhecimentos locais e armadilhas fotográficas para avaliar a detecção e as características ecológicas que afetam a presença e a abundância de vertebrados médios e grandes no Vale do Xingu, Amazônia Oriental
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2024-10) VULCÃO, Otávio Augusto Pereira Leão; CARVALHO JUNIOR, Elildo Alves Ribeiro de; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7456274393700395; HTTPS://ORCID.ORG/0000-0003-4356-2954; PEZZUTI, Juarez Carlos Brito; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3852277891994862; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5409-8336
The choice of appropriate methods to observe population changes of species of interest in environmental monitoring is crucial to ensure the sustainability of long-term programs. This is a challenge in assessing medium and large vertebrates due to their ecological importance and relatively high costs for evaluation. In tropical regions, the methods commonly used are transect censuses or camera traps. However, both methods have limitations and can incur high costs and difficult maintenance, especially in megadiverse tropical countries. Including methods based on local ecological knowledge (LEK) can contribute to the sustainability of monitoring programs. We assessed the congruence between detection rates obtained from camera traps and sightings and traces detected through LEK in two protected areas of Eastern Amazonia, comparing detection probabilities and testing the influence of three ecological traits. We observed that, despite an overall positive relationship, the rates obtained by both methods show high variability. For 11 out of 20 species, the probability of detection was greater using the method that identified traces through LEK from local monitors. Among the selected traits, body mass, sociability, and trophic niche, only the last characteristic was significant within our models, indicating a detection capability primarily based on the behavioral patterns of the species. Our results demonstrate the significant ability of local monitors to detect the presence of species of interest, as well as the applicability of LEK in faunal monitoring. We recommend collaborative research strategies and the inclusion of the knowledge and experience of local populations in monitoring and conservation programs in the Amazon and other tropical systems, which are the regions richest in both biological diversity and sociocultural richness.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Tree responses to soil and edge effects in a semideciduous forest remnant
(Instituto de Florestas da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2018-07) TERRA, Marcela de Castro Nunes Santos; TEODORO, Grazielle Sales; PIFANO, Daniel Salgado; FERNANDES, Fernando Bonillo; SILVA, Tainá Mamede Cirne; BERG, Eduardo van den
The present study seeks to characterize the composition, structure, and functional traits of the tree stratum of a Semideciduous Forest in Pouso Alegre, MG, Brazil (22º12’43”S and 45º59’30”W), by comparing Edge and Interior habitats and their relation to human impacts and soil variables. The tree community (diameter at 1.3 m (DBH) higher than 5 cm) was inventoried using the point-centered quarter method by laying out 12 transects of 450 m each (six transects in the Edge and six in the Interior). Functional traits – wood density and seed mass – were obtained by genus. The impact evaluation and soil sample collection were realized per transect. We found significant differences in terms of the basal area (higher in Interior), diversity (higher in Interior) and community seed mass (higher in Edge). The effects of higher values of soil traits such as Calcium, Magnesium, cation sum (CS) and base saturation (V) on species composition were stronger in the Interior, while human induced impacts and soil Potassium had an overwhelming effect on the Edge.