Navegando por Assunto "Electric vehicles"

Agora exibindo 1 - 3 de 3

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação do impacto econômico da conexão de veículos elétricos e da geração eólica em redes inteligentes de energia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2018-02-26) VIEGAS, Marcel Augusto Alvarenga; NUNES, Marcus Vinicius Alves; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9533143193581447; AFFONSO, Carolina de Mattos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2228901515752720
This master dissertation presents a power management tool of a power system operating in a Smart Grid that contains Electric Vehicles inserted as loads and Wind Power Generation. The optimization technique used was Simulated Annealing, in order to minimize the total energy cost of the network being studied. Three charging strategies were adopted: Peak Charging, Off-peak Charging and Smart Charging besides Demand Side Management techniques. In addition to the charging process will also be studied the Discharging of the battery electric vehicles, preferably at the peak of the load curve, as well as the possibility of supplying grid power through the wind farm to supply both loads in the topology of the system as for the loads of electric vehicles inserted through the creation of a charging/ discharging station. The system used is the IEEE - 39 bus New England power system. The results proved the effectiveness of the proposed method and the importance of considering besides distribution as well as generation and transmission in studies of planning, expansion, and operation of Smart Grids that contain Electric Vehicles and Wind Power Generation.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Avaliação dos impactos da recarga de veículos elétricos na vida útil de transformadores de distribuição
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2023-10-30) BARROS, Amanda Monteiro Pinto; AFFONSO, Carolina de Mattos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2580696185627481
The objective of this dissertation is to provide a comparative assessment of the impacts caused by charging practices of short-range and long-range electric vehicles under different power levels on life expectancy of distribution transformers. This research is based on the use of real data of residential energy consumption collected from the region of East Midlands, United Kingdom, as well as electric vehicle charging data collected through an experimental project also conducted in the United Kingdom. This study examines transformer hottest-spot temperature and evaluates the transformer accelerated aging factor that influences the equipment's lifespan according to the thermal model presented in IEEE Standard C57.91. As a result, this study reveals that the effects caused by long-range vehicles are more pronounced, as they charge at higher power level and the charging process is longer. As the penetration level of electric vehicles increases, transformer load and hottest-spot temperature increases, especially during winter season, where residential demand escalates. In the case of vehicles with 75 kWh, penetration levels starting from 30% already causes severe violations on transformer hottest-spot temperature, contributing to a reduction in the equipment's lifespan.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Regulação de tensão e frequência em micro-redes ilhadas com veículos elétricos e geração distribuída utilizando otimização por enxame de partículas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2019-08-16) SILVA, Rodrigo Veiga da; AFFONSO, Carolina de Mattos; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2228901515752720
This workpresents afrequency and voltage control implementation for a droop-regulated islanded microgrid through Direct Backward Forward Sweep Load-Flow Method (DBFS) modeled as a particle swarm optimization (PSO) problem. The PSO –allied with the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology of electric vehicles–controls the microgrid droop features to improve its steady-state frequency and voltage. Thus, working as a secondary control action. Simulations are performed in a 33-bus distribution system with distributed generators and electric vehicles operating over a 24-hour period.Theproposal of secondary control, based on PSO, proved to be versatile and efficient in face of load and generation variations.