Navegando por Assunto "Energia de biomassa"

Agora exibindo 1 - 4 de 4

Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Desenvolvimento de sistema computacional para avaliação de lodo de esgoto sanitário como biomassa na geração de energia
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012-06) SANTOS, Yvelyne Bianca Iunes; PEREIRA, José Almir Rodrigues; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9918600634569244
Development of a computational system to assess sewage sludge sanitary as biomass to generate energy in combustion processes, taking into account Brazilian technical and environmental norms. Classes were created and implemented in the system to assess sewage sludge as energy potential and considered limits established in the norms NBR 10004/04, NBR 10004/87 and CONAMA Resolution nº 316/2002 for adverse environmental impacts, damages or risks to public health , identifying the feasibility of use of this residual as biomass to generate energy in combustion processes. The system was developed using a Model-View-Controller (MVC) software considered an architectural pattern, with method represented by logical rules, whose input data were the results from laboratory determination of sewage sludge samples, test processing and logical sequence of rules, and reports to enable the user to make a decision. To validate the system it was used results from technical work on the use of sewage sludge as biomass to generate energy in experimental scale, observing that the limits adopted in the system were appropriate as parameters to evaluate the energy potential of the sampled sludge, its toxicity and air pollution; that the explanatory and alert messages have been clearly sent; that the logical sequence of rules had been progressively implemented; and that the values obtained in the system had been compatible with the validation works. Finally, it was concluded that the system developed may be used to expedite decision-making, mainly, in waste treatment plant with large quantities of sludge.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metodologia para análise exergética-econômica de plantas a vapor para geração de eletricidade consumindo resíduo de biomassa amazônica
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009) MENDES, Manoel do Espírito Santo dos Santos; RENDEIRO, Gonçalo; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3093595858773332; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2324813094737469
The availability of energy resources price increasing promotes directly impacts the social-economic development. The rise for energy in Brazil, the efficient use of energy as strategic activity for the industrial sector. The energy evaluations employed in this sector aims to optimize the efficiency of its thermal systems. This energy performance assessments is based on the First Law of Thermodynamics and are able to quantify only the loss of energy, different from exergetic evaluation that allowing qualify this energy lost. The exergetic analysis is difficult and time consuming, requiring the development of a protocol to be performed quickly. In this case, the protocol must attend particularitities of the Amazon biomass, as well as it´s environment. This paper proposes and applies a methodology of energy and exergetic analysis as well as exergo-economic analysis a steam power plant installed at Belém, Pa funning on Rankine cycle. After these evaluations, the energy rate and energy losses are gotten, and also exergy rate and it’s rate destruction, the cost rate for each product and the monetary cost of the energy produced by the plant in R$/kWh. Such results, make possible to identify the largest energy losses of the power plant, quantify the cost of destruction of exergy in key equipment and the rate of cost of main products of the plant that are thermal energy and electricity. This allows quantify the energetic, economic and exergetic performance in each of the plant equipment and indicating the processes that deserve a development work to improve their economic efficiency. Moreover, the cost of the energy capacity in R$/kWh produced by power plant steam was compared with the value charged for the local energy utility. This comparison showed that power plant has energy cost less than the utility price.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Metodologia para aplicação de universalização das telecomunicações em comunidades isoladas
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2007-03-12) SIQUEIRA, José Gilson; VIEIRA JÚNIOR, Petrônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1958791286192330
This work presents the study of the transformation of the solar energy in electric power through the conversion applied photovoltaic the feeding of systems of telecommunications in isolated communities. For so much, the several used technologies, the conversion beginnings and storage of energy are shown, besides the types of systems that can be implanted and their restrictions. The objective of this arrangement is to offer a contribution to the feeding system for telecommunications in isolated communities in the Amazonian area. The work proposed search to make possible the combination of the several converters of energy to produce a feeding source for telecommunications in isolated communities, fed starting from a photovoltaic generator combined with a AC local generation, with smaller complexity degree and smaller possible cost, once it owes if it reaches with this technique excellent acting levels.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Produção, fracionamento e desacidificação de biocombustíveis obtidos via craqueamento térmico catalítico de óleos vegetais
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015-04) MANCIO, Andréia de Andrade; BORGES, Luiz Eduardo Pizarro; http://lattes.cnpq.br/8756886156388456; MACHADO, Nélio Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5698208558551065
In this work, we investigated the following steps: (1) production step of biofuels via catalytic thermal cracking; (2) fractionation step of the biofuels and (3) treating step of the biofuels by applying the liquid-liquid extraction and adsorption as alternatives deacidification of biofuels. The results of biofuel production step show that conversion varied from 86 to 97%. The yield in OLP increased from 41 to 76%, and the physicochemical properties such as TAN, decreased with increasing percentage of catalyst. The GC-MS results show that increasing the percentage catalyst promotes an increase in the content of hydrocarbons and reduction of oxygenates in the OLP. The olefins are the main classes of hydrocarbons present in the OLP. The OLP fractionation showed that the major distilled fraction is heavy diesel fraction followed by light diesel, reaching a maximum yield of 36.37 and 30.51%, respectively. In relation to the deacidification step by liquid-liquid extraction, the results show that increasing the concentration of water in the solvent causes a decrease in the partition ratio of acid. The methyl alcohol was the only solvent showed an increase in their FFA removal capacity with increasing temperature. Regarding the deacidification of distilled fractions by adsorption, the results indicate that the red mud chemically activated with 0.25, 1 and 2M HCl show a high potential for application in adsorptive processes of FFA, since qt these adsorbents was greater than 2000 mg/g.