Navegando por Assunto "Energy policy"
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Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Políticas de energia no Brasil: difusão de usinas hidrelétricas para a indústria agropecuária na Amazônia(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2021-11-25) PENHA, Luciano Rocha da; BACKHOUSE, Maria; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9103-9637; HERRERA, José Antônio; http://lattes.cnpq.br/3490178082968263; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8249-5024Energy policies in Brazil have been undergoing several reforms to implement privatization, using concessions for private companies, creating the energy market with differences in energy economic agents. At the same time as politics, the country is under global pressure to invest in renewable energy. Among these energies stand out as SHPs. The increase in water availability in the Legal Amazon, the diffusion by expansion of SHPs and UHEs around the agricultural industry in the states of Mato Grosso, Tocantins, Pará, Maranhão and Rondônia is underway. This is when the connection between the spaces of these water plants and the obstinate nature of silos, warehouses and slaughterhouses is done. The diffusion of these PCHs and UHEs are materialized in the plants in operation, in the plants under study and in the plants with study processes. The main objective of this work was to analyze how the current global energy transition has influenced energy policies in Brazil. The specific objectives were: to understand how energy policies in Brazil have contributed to increasing the diffusion of UHEs and SHPs around the agricultural industry in the Legal Amazon; understand how energy policy and the energy market in Brazil have been reflected in the increase in demand for hydropower in the Legal Amazon; demonstrate how the territorial-productive dynamics of soy work, as well as the surroundings of silos and warehouses and livestock (refrigerators) which cause the demand for electricity to increase, therefore, in more constructions of small and large hydroelectric plants in the Legal Amazon. The methodology used was a bibliographical review of a theoretical-methodological nature of Geography, Sociology, Engineering and Economics. Documentary analysis on energy policy and planning in Brazil. Primary and secondary data collected on the websites of IBGE, ME, ANEEL, EPE, MAPA and ODS. Finally, maps, graphs, tables and maps were built, as well as figures extracted from documents. The form of presentation of these data was in a graphical form. It is concluded that the diffusion of hydropower plants in the Legal Amazon is underway, because the PCHs are renewable and the UHEs can be built by run-of-river, as well as this diffusion is induced by the demand for energy from the agricultural industry in the Legal Amazon. As well, this diffusion is also fostered by the global climate change policy that influences the global energy transition.Item Acesso aberto (Open Access) Solução estrutural para a segurança do suprimento de energia elétrica no estado do Amazonas(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-12-17) FROTA, Willamy Moreira; ROCHA, Brigida Ramati Pereira da; http://lattes.cnpq.br/9943372249006341The electric energy vector assumes significant importance in the process of the Amazon integration to the national development. The electric energy support on this region, reaches a high priority level among the constitutional objectives on reduction the regional differences (FROTA, 2004). In the Amazon state, it can be stated that the lack of energy is a fact that decreases the regional development, and in many locations, smaller and more isolated, a factor of social, economic and cultural marginalization. The historical situation of the increasing use of fuel derived petroleum to the power generation in the Amazon state brings huge economic and environmental damage to the Brazilian society, and it has to be solved by the energetic Brazilian planning organ, by imposing the need of reaching other cleaner, safer and less expensive sources. The state is different from other regions of the country due to the existence of several isolated systems, mainly from its capital, Manaus, that shows low reliability and quality in its energy service, adding to that the high cost, considering the need of thermal diesel and oil generation, their amount represents about 73% of all fuel that have to be used in Brazil to thermoelectric power generation (GTON, 2009), having a final cost of 3 billions (US$ 1.5 billion) which is supported, most of it, by the sources transferences obtained through the subsidies of the Consumption Account of Fossil Fuels - CCC. Having this in mind, this assignment has as objective to present an approach of the mainly existing problems, as well as a proposal of structural solution for the energy business to the Amazon state, that can contribute to the improvement of the principles that rule, the compatible energetic politics with the goals of the updated institutional model of the Brazilian electric sector, giving birth to a new cycle of development and growing to the Amazon state and to the Amazon region.