Navegando por Assunto "Ensino individualizado"

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Análise de metodologia baseada no sistema de ensino individualizado de Keller aplicada em um curso introdutório de eletromagnetismo
(2011-03) ALVES, Danilo Teixeira; SOUZA, Sandro Aléssio Vidal de; PEREIRA FILHO, Silvio Carlos Ferreira; ELIAS, Walace de Sousa
One of individualized teaching methods used and documented in the 70's was Fred Keller's Personalized System of Instruction (PSI). Several papers about this methodology were published, providing an extensive empirical evidence of PSI's positive results. Nonetheless its employment has declined staring in the 80's. Among the reasons for this decline, we may emphasize the greater effort required to the development of such courses using this methodology as compared to other methodologies and the provisioning of a systematic feedback on students' performance, as well as the criticisms on Keller's behaviorist approach. Despite being critical to learning, the stimulus to student's active posture, respect for individual learning rhythm, the formative assessments and the provisioning of systematic feedback to students still take place outside the classroom. One strategy to counter such deficiencies is individualized instruction. In this paper, we propose several modifications to Keller's SPI seeking a feasible methodology to be applied in an introductory course of electromagnetism for students of Physics of Universidade Federal do Pará. Among these modifications, we highlight: (i) the use of weekly assessments, but not in every lecture; (ii) the correction of assessments and feedback providing made by teachers and not teaching assistants; and (iii) the partial maintenance of the expositive classes. Despite the modifications inserted, based on an evaluation which included measurable benchmarks, we have indications that the application of this methodology yielded several of those positive results common to the implementation of Keller's SPI.
Desconhecido
Análise de metodologia baseada no sistema personalizado de instrução num curso introdutório de eletromagnetismo
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2009-02-18) SOUZA, Sandro Aléssio Vidal de; ALVES, Danilo Teixeira; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6642002445572793
Despite being essential for apprenticeship, the stimulus to the student’s active posture (versus the listener’s one), the respect to the individual learning pace, the formative evaluations and the supply of systematic feedback to the student are frequently outside the classrooms in schools and colleges. A strategy to bring such characteristics to the classrooms is through individualized teaching. One of the individualized teaching procedures most documented and applied is Fred S. Keller’s Personalized System of Instruction (PSI). Intensively used in the 70‟s, thousands of articles were published about PSI, giving vast empirical evidence about its results, which, in general, is superior to other forms of teaching. In spite of that, the application of this method began to decline in the 80‟s. Among the reasons for that, it’s possible to highlight the amount of initial efforts that were necessary to build a course based on the PSI, the possible resistance from teachers and educators due to the change in the teacher’s role from knowledge transmitter to advisor and the necessary logistics to provide a systematic feedback to students. It’s also worth to emphasize that, independently from which factors contributed to the decline in the usage of PSI, its efficiency is unquestionable. At the present work, an individualized teaching methodology based on the PSI was analyzed and experimented in an introductory course of electromagnetism for Physics students at the third college semester at the Federal University of Pará (Brazil). This methodology employed some of the characteristics of the PSI, respecting the features of the subject like the presence of long calculations and absence of tutors. There was evidence that, despite the introduced modifications, the application of the methodology may bring many of the positive results obtained with the application of the PSI.