Navegando por Assunto "Entomofauna"

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Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Entomofauna decompositora de carcaças de porcos na região de Belém, Pará, Brasil, com ênfase na família Calliphoridae (Diptera)
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-12-22) ANJOS, Claudinéia Ramos dos; ESPOSITO, Maria Cristina; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2112497575917273
This present Work aim to study the development of the entomological succession on pigs carcass and the effect of de carcass size on this succession observing what species are the importance forensic potential to the Amazon region, whit emphasis on the species of Calliphoridae family (Diptera). Four dead pigs were exposed in a urban area in Belém and was realized everyday collects of the adults and larvaes insects. The maggots were created until the emergency of adults, with the object to verify what species utilize the carcass as a oviposition substract. Informations of the ovarian development of the calliforids females showed the kind of utilization of the carcass (food and/or oviposition). A total of 195.940 arthropods were collected on the carcass, whom the more abundants were the Diptera (98,20%) and Coleoptera (1,23%) orders. From 192.416 files collecteds, the more abundants families were Calliphoridae (10,96%), Muscidae (17,91%) and Sarcophagidae (10,79%). A entomological succession were verified the pattern that occur in the carcass of the metropolitan region in Belém of Pará, for which the Calliphoridae family is the first to arrive, is followed for sarcophagids, muscids and stratyomiids; after that, the Phorid family is the more frequently observed. At last the coleopteran were detected at the end days decomposition. A carcass size was a influential factor on the collected decomposers insects abundance, but isn't influential on the density of the created insects, neither at the entomological succession, diversity, composition or at the taxons richness of the collected and created insects. The stage of the decomposition observed was adjusted to the Bornemissza classification (1957), in this manner achieve the characterization of the decomposition stage to the Belém of Pará region. The decomposition process this research occurred more rapidly rather than the related in others regions. The exotic species of Chrysomya are predominating on the Diptera fauna and occasioning an exclusion of natiye species carrion colonist. The stages classificated as Putrefaction and Dark putrefaction were the more atractives to the calliforids species. The ovarian development analysis indicated that most of calliforids females preferred little carcass to realize oviposition. Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation Through of the analysis result of development and of the creation we concluded that the species that can contribute to forensic entomological studies are Chrysomya aMiceps, Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya putoria, Lucilia exímia and Hemilucilia segmentaria.
Acesso aberto (Open Access)
Estudo de Simuliidae (Diptera : Nematocera) e seus criadouros em igarapés do município de Santo Antônio do Tauá, estado do Pará, Brasil
(Universidade Federal do Pará, 2001-05-03) SANTOS, Emerson Monteiro; GORAYEB, Inocêncio de Souza; http://lattes.cnpq.br/2391620537048479
Considering the importance of black flies to human and animal health and to stream ecology, the simuliid fauna of Santo Antônio do Tauá. Pará state, northern Brazil, was studied through determination of the breeding habitat, introduction in streams of artificial breeding substrates for colonization by larvae, analysis of the aquatic insects associated with simuliid breeding sites, biting times and frequencies of anthrophilic black fly species, qualitative and quantitative analyses of the vegetation at breeding sites, physical and chemical analyses of stream water at these sites, analyses of local weather conditions, and morphometrics of immature Simulium quadrifidum to determine the number of larval instars. The aquatic insect faunas and the respective relative abundances of Simuliidae in two streams were studied. The species that were collected are Simulium perflavum, Simulium quadrijidum, Simulium incrustatum and Simulium goeldii. The immature forms of Simulium perflavum were the predominant ones in disturbed environments, clear waters. Simulium quadrifidum predominated in generally unaltered, black water environments, with low nutrient levels. Simulium incrustatum was more abundant in environments with low vegetation and found Only in clear waters. Simulium goeldii was registered only in areas of primary forest (that is, those showing little alteration) and was more abundant in black waters. The factor that most interfered with simuliid larvae colonizing the artificial substrates was the constant oscillation in the water level of the streams during the time that these substrates were exposed in the water. Aquatic insects were more abundant during the dry season. The biting habits of female Simulium incruslatum were studied for the first time in Pará: two daily peaks in biting frequency were observed with human volunteers, one in the morning and the other in the afternoon, with biting frequencies showing significant differences among vegetation types during these periods, and a significant negative correlation with air temperature in secondary forest during the dry season. The number of larval instars was determined for Simulium quadrificlum, and females of this species were found to oviposit only during the afternoon at 16:30h. New records of predators of adult black flies are presented.